2006;87(6) – ABC CARDIOL

ABC

ABC Family | ABC

Artigo Original

The usefulness of intracoronary ultrasound in the treatment decision-making of patients with ambiguous lesions in the left main coronary artery

Vinicius Daher Vaz et al. Andrea Claudia Leão de Souza Abizaid Alexandre Antonio Cunha Abizaid Fausto Feres … Rodolfo Staico Luiz Alberto Piva Mattos Ibraim Pinto Luiz Fernando Leite Tanajura Amanda G. M. R. Sousa José Eduardo M. R. Sousa

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of surgical treatment approach vs. conservative approach in patients with ambiguous lesions in the left main coronary artery (LMCA), based on intracoronary ultrasound (ICUS) findings. METHODS: Sixty-six consecutive patients with angiographically ambiguous lesions were included and submitted to ICUS assessment. They were divided in two groups, according to the ICUS findings. Group I was maintained under clinical treatment [minimal lumen area (MLA) > 6.0 mm² and/or minimal lumen diameter (MLD) > 2.5 mm] and Group II was submitted to revascularization (MLA < 6.0 mm² and/or MLD < 2.5 mm). The occurrence of major cardiac events (death, acute myocardial infarction and/or revascularization of the target lesion) was assessed during follow-up. RESULTS: Forty-one (62%) patients were allocated in Group I and 25 (38%) in Group II. Mean follow-up was 42.1 months. The coronary angiography did not differentiate the two groups regarding lesion severity (MLD 1.98 mm in Group I vs. 1.72 mm in Group II; p = 0.75) in opposition to ICUS (MLD 3.41 mm in Group I vs. 2.01 mm in Group II; p < 0.001). There was no death or myocardial infarction in Group I. The survival rate free of major cardiac events was 95% in Group I vs. 87.5% in Group II (p=ns). CONCLUSION: Treatment decision-making of patients with ambiguous lesions in the LMCA guided by ICUS findings showed to be safe and effective.

Read Full Article

Artigo Original

Arterial hypertension in the adult population of Salvador (BA) – Brazil

Ínes Lessa et al. Lucélia Magalhães Maria Jenny Araújo Naomar de Almeida Filho … Estela Aquino Mônica M. C. Oliveira

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of hypertension (H) and its association with other cardiovascular risk factors in a highly multiracial population. METHODS: A cross-sectional study carried out in Salvador, Brazil, in a population sample of 1439 adults > 20 years of age. All participants completed a questionnaire at home and had the following measurements taken: blood pressure, body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and serum glucose and lipids. Hypertension was defined as mean SBP e”140 and/or DBP > 90 mmHg. Hypertension prevalence was estimated with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The associations were measured by the adjusted odds ratio (AOR), using regression analysis. RESULTS: Overall prevalence of HA was 29.9%: 27.4% CI (23.9-31.2) in men and 31.7%, CI (28.5-34.9) in women. Among black men, this prevalence was 31.6%, and among black women, 41.1%. Among white men it was 25.8%, and among white women, 21.1%. Arterial hypertension was significantly associated with age > 40, overweight/obesity (aOR = 2.37[1.57-3.60]) for men and 1,62 (1.02 – 2.58) for women. Among men, HA was associated with a high level of education and among women, with dark brown and black skin, abdominal obesity, aOR = 2.05 CI (1.31-3.21), diabetes aOR = 2.16 CI (1.19-3.93), and menopause. CONCLUSION: Arterial hypertension predominated among black people of both genders, and in women. Those variables that remained independently associated with AH differed in both genders, except overweight/obesity. Our results suggest the need for an in-depth study of AH among black people and early, continuing educational interventions.

Read Full Article

Artigo Original

Serial temporal analysis of ischemic heart disease and stroke death risk in five regions of Brazil from 1981 to 2001

Maria de Fátima Marinho de Souza et al. Airlane Pereira Alencar Deborah Carvalho Malta Lenildo Moura Antonio de Padua Mansur

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the trends of ischemic and cerebrovascular death risk in the five regions – Midwest, Northeast, North, Southeast and South – of Brazil from 1981 to 2001. METHODS: Data on mortality due to cerebrovascular and coronary heart diseases in the five regions of Brazil were obtained from the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The data source was the SIM – Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (System of Information on Mortality), from the Department of Health Information Analysis. The population estimates were obtained from the IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) census of 1991 and 2000, and population estimates of 1996, all from DATASUS. The codes used in this study were International Classification of Diseases ICD-9 430-438 and ICD-10 I60-I69 for cerebrovascular diseases and ICD-9 410-414 and ICD-10 I21-I25 for ischemic disease. Statistical analysis was carried out by adjusted linear models. RESULTS: There was a decline trend in death rates due to cerebrovascular disease at all age ranges and in both sexes in the South, Southwest, and Midwest regions. Additionally, death rates due to ischemic heart disease declined in the South and Southwest regions. There was a stabilization of the death risk in the Midwest and an increase in the Northeast region. CONCLUSION: The risk of death due to cerebrovascular and ischemic heart diseases declined in the Southwest and South, which are the more developed regions of Brazil, whereas the risk increased in the less developed ones, mainly in the Northeast region.

Read Full Article

Image

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection and a restrictive foramen ovale, with left-sided deviation of the atrial septum mimicking left-sided cor triatriatum: echocardiographic misdiagnosis

Edmar Atik et al. Renata Sá Cassar Samira Saady Morhy José L. Andrade

IMAGE

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection and a restrictive foramen ovale, with left-sided deviation of the atrial septum mimicking left-sided cor triatriatum: echocardiographic misdiagnosis

[…]

Read Full Article

Case Report

Coronary spasm induced by dobutamine-atropine stress echocardiography

Fábio A. Bogaz et al. Ally N. R. Saroute Jeane Mike Tsutsui Ingrid Kowatsch … Francisco M. O. Neto José C. Nicolau José A. F. Ramires Wilson Mathias Junior

This is the report on a 45-year-old female, with a history of systemic arterial hypertension and cigarette smoking, submitted to dobutamine-atropine stress echocardiography for the investigation of coronary artery disease. At stress peak, the patient reported sudden, highly intense precordial pain. The 12-lead electrocardiogram showed ST segment elevation in DII, DIII, aVF, V5 and V6, and depression in DI, aVL, V2 and V3. Echocardiographic imaging monitoring showed dyskinesia of inferior septum and akinesia of inferior wall. The test was interrupted immediately. The patient was medicated and improved her precordial pain condition as well as wall motion abnormalities. Coronary angiography showed irregular coronary lesions with <50% luminal diameter obstruction. It is a case of coronary spasm induced by alpha-adrenergic stimulation during dobutamine-atropine stress echocardiography.

Read Full Article

Artigo Original

Using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to assess blood pressure of firefighters with parental history of hypertension

Carlos Eduardo de Mattos et al. Marco Antonio de Mattos Daniele Gusmão Toledo Aristarco Gonçalves de Siqueira Filho

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of family history of systemic arterial hypertension (FSAH) on the effect of stress from work in Uniformed Firefighters (BMCs) through Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM). METHODS: A prospective case-control study. Sixty-six healthy BMC underwent ABPM during 12 hours of work at the Communication Center (CC). Thirty-four had hypertensive parents (group 1) and thirty-two had normotensive parents (group 2). RESULTS: Group I differed from group 2 in that it showed higher mean systolic (134.1 ± 9.9 mmHg X 120.8 ± 9.9 mmHg p < 0.0001) and diastolic (83.8 ± 8.3 mmHg X 72.9 ± 8.6 mmHg p < 0.001) blood pressure, in addition to greater systolic (31.4 ± 25.6 % X 9.4 ± 9.4 % p = 0.0001) and diastolic (28.3 ± 26.6 % X 6.1 ± 8.9 % p = 0.0001) loads. The prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) in group 1 at the workplace was 32.3%. Monitored away from the job, these subjects showed normal blood pressure (functionally hypertensive). Group 2 revealed normal blood pressure (BP) at work. CONCLUSION: Higher blood pressure in BMC with hypertensive parents is explained independently by the SAH. Subjects who developed SAH during their work at the CC may be considered functionally hypertensive, whereas those with normotensive parents and who underwent psychological stress are free of blood pressure changes.

Read Full Article

Image

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk

José Luis Attab dos Santos et al. Igor Matos Lago José Fábio Fabris Júnior Clemente Greguolo … Elias de Mello Ayres Neto Luis Albanes Neto

IMAGE

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk

[…]

Read Full Article

Point of view

Bedside hazard, bioethics case

POINT OF VIEW

Bedside hazard, bioethics case

[…]

Read Full Article

Artigo Original

Determination of mitral valve area through pressure half-time measurements in the left atrium and pulmonary capillary wedge

Evandro Cesar Vidal Osterne et al. Jorge Haddad Vicente Paulo da Motta Paulo Antonio Marra da Motta … Thomas E. C. Osterne Noeme M. A. C. Osterne Otoni M. Gomes

OBJECTIVE: To confirm the validity of the calculation in MVA applying the method of Doppler pressure half-time directly in left atrial (LA) and pulmonary capillary pressure curve. METHODS: Thirty-five patients with mitral valve stenosis underwent percutaneous mitral valvotomy (PMV) using the Cribier method with MVA measurement made using the traditional methods (Gorlin and echo-Doppler) and this propose. MVA values obtained were compared and a linear regression model was used to obtain formula for reciprocal calculations of the mitral valve area. RESULTS: A statistically correlation was found between the calculated values by all methods. The proposed method showed a strong correlation (p< 0.05) with the others mainly before valve opening. Simple reciprocal calculation formulas were found for mitral valve area assessment. CONCLUSION: The proposed method for the calculation of mitral valve area using LA or Cap proved to be highly accurate and simple making it possible to safely monitor valvotomy procedures.

Read Full Article

Case Report

Intramural hematoma of the ascending aorta

Noedir Antônio G. Stolf et al. Anderson Benício Gustavo I. Judas Roberto Rocha Correia Veiga Giraldez Wilson Mathias Júnior

It is reported the case of a 71 year old male patient admitted to the emergency service pale and with systemic arterial hypertension and thoracic pain. In the diagnostic investigation, there was no evidence of compatible with acute myocardial ischemia. The thorax x-ray showed important enlargement of the mediastinum. In the echocardiogram the ascending aorta measured 47mm, at the level of the pulmonary artery. One day after the echo, submitted to exam of magnetic resonance (RNM), the ascending aorta had a diameter of 62mm, without false lumen flow or intimal “flap”, but showing intramural hematoma envolving the ascending aorta and the proximal portion of the aorta. It was submitted to the surgical correction, being accomplished by resection of the ascending aorta and part of the aortic arch (hemiarch), with preservation of the aortic valve with suspension of the comissures. The patient had ununventfull recovery, being discharged in the 9th postoperative day. We emphasized the similarity of the clinical presentation of the intramural hematoma of the aorta with that of aortic dissection, the importance of establishing correct diagnosis and the best treatment.

Read Full Article

Artigo Original

Body mass index and waist circumference: association with cardiovascular risk factors

Fabiane Aparecida Canaan Rezende et al. Lina Enriqueta Frandsen Paez Lima Rosado Rita de Cássia Lanes Ribeiro Fernanda de Carvalho Vidigal … Ana Carolina Junqueira Vasques Ivana Sales Bonard Carlos Roberto de Carvalho

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between cardiovascular risk factors and the anthropometric values – body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). METHODS: It was studied 231 employees of Federal University of Viçosa, Brazil, 54,1% of them were men (21-76 years old). Glycemia, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, blood pressure, BMI, WC, waist-to-hip ratio and body fatness were measured. It was also investigated smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight/obesity in this population was high mainly in women. The abdominal obesity was observed in 74% of the women and 46,1% of the men. The average of BMI, body fatness, total cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides were significantly higher in men than in women. (p < 0,05). The sedentary lifestyle was a risk factor for obesity. Smoking and alcohol consumption were more common among men and normal weight volunteers. Most of the correlations between anthropometric indices and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases were significant, but weak and the WC was the index that had the strongest correlation and that associated with the largest number of variables. It was observed that with an increase of the BMI and the abdominal fat, there was also an increase of the glycemia, triglycerides and blood pressure and a decrease of HDL. The metabolic syndrome was more common among men and overweight and obese volunteers. CONCLUSION: In this study, the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors increased along with BMI and WC.

Read Full Article

Artigo Original

Thyroid hormone profile in acute coronary syndromes

Rodrigo Caetano Pimentel et al. Gilberto Perez Cardoso Claudia Caminha Escosteguy Luiz Maurino Abreu

OBJECTIVE: To describe thyroid hormone profile in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), divided into two groups: 1) unstable angina and/or non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI); 2) ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI), as well as in patients that progressed or not to death, according to the groups. METHODS: Seventy ACS patients admitted to the coronary care unit of the Hospital dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, were prospectively studied. Blood samples were collected on day 1 and on days 4 and 7 following admission. Clinical evaluation and electrocardiograms were performed during hospitalization. RESULTS: Of the 70 patients admitted, 13 (18.6%) had “euthyroid sick syndrome” (ESS), a condition characterized by decreased serum T3 and/or free T3, increased serum reverse T3 (rT3), plus normal serum TSH, T4, and free T4. Patients belonging to the STEMI group showed early elevations, in addition to higher mean reverse T3 (rT3) and lower mean T3 and free T3 levels. In coronary heart disease patients that progressed to death, hormonal findings were consistent with those found in the ESS, with more expressive rT3 and T3 mean values. CONCLUSION: Our results show the importance of recognizing the “euthyroid sick syndrome” in coronary heart disease patients, suggesting an association with poorer prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Read Full Article

Artigo Original

Left ventricular systolic function assessed by echocardiography in children and adolescents with osteosarcoma treated with doxorubicin alone or in combination with dexrazoxane

Ranulfo Pinheiro de Matos Neto et al. Antônio Sérgio Petrilli Célia Maria Campos Silva Orlando Campos Filho … Victor Manuel Oporto Lourdes de Fátima Gonçalves Gomes Marcelo Goulart Paiva Antônio Carlos Camargo Carvalho Valdir Ambrósio Moisés

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate left ventricular (LV) systolic function by means of echocardiography in patients with osteosarcoma treated with doxorubicin alone or in combination with dexrazoxane. METHODS: The study analyzed 55 patients with osteosarcoma, with or without metastasis, undergoing a six-cycle chemotherapy regimen of doxorubicin, who were divided into two groups according to dexrazoxane use. Group I: Thirty-seven patients who did not receive dexrazoxane (28 males, average age 15.4 years). Group II: Eighteen patients who did receive dexrazoxane (15 males, average age 15.1 years). Four echocardiographic evaluations were performed: 1) before the beginning of the chemotherapy (initial evaluation); 2) up to two weeks after the third cycle; 3) up to two weeks after the fifth cycle; and 4) up to four weeks after the sixth cycle of chemotherapy (final evaluation). The left ventricular systolic function was assessed by the fractional percentage of systolic shortening (FS%) on echocardiography. Alterations in the contractile function or cardiac toxicity were defined as FS% values equal to or lower than 29%, and/or by a drop in FS% by an absolute value equal to or greater than 10 units of the baseline value of each patient. RESULTS: No significant difference as to age, gender, and race was observed between the groups. The cumulative dose of doxorubicin was significantly higher in group II throughout all phases of the treatment: 174 x 203 mg/m²; 292 x 338 mg/m² and 345 x 405 mg/² (p < 0.0001). According to previously established criteria, the incidence of LV systolic dysfunction was not significantly different (p=0.248) between patients in group I (18.92%) and patients in group II (11.1%). The variance analysis with repeated measurements did not show significant differences in the means of fractional percentage of systolic percentage (FS%) throughout the study (p=0.967). However, a significant difference (p=0.029) was observed between the FS% means in groups I and II at evaluations 2 (35.67 x 37.21%), 3 (34.95 x 38.47%) and 4 (35.26 x 38.22%). CONCLUSION: Data in this study show that in patients with osteosarcoma treated with doxorubicin alone or combined with dexrazoxane, the LV systolic function, as assessed by the fractional percentage of systolic shortening mean, showed a better performance in the group that received dexrazoxane. On the other hand, the occurrence of systolic dysfunction was similar in both groups.

Read Full Article

Artigo Original

Predictive value of angina to detect coronary artery disease in patients with severe aortic stenosis aged 50 years or older

Aline Alves Vargas Gonçalves et al. Fabíola Lúcio Cardão Maria Gabriela Gomes Soares André Weksler … Clara Weksler Bernardo Rangel Tura Paulo Roberto Dutra da Silva Antônio Sérgio Cordeiro da Rocha

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to evaluate the value of angina pectoris as a predictor of CAD (coronary artery disease) in patients with AS (aortic stenosis) during and beyond the 5th decade of life. METHODS: The study population consisted of 186 consecutive patients with AS and e” 50 years of age, referred for surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) between June 1989 and September 2004. Routine coronary angiography was performed for all patients. One hundred and one patients were males (54.3%) and 85 were females (45.7%), and the mean age was 66±8 years. One hundred and twenty-four patients (66.7%) had angina. The maximum transvalve gradient was 89.4±27.6 mmHg, and the aortic valve area measured 0.59±0.17 cm2. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, as well as the likelihood ratio of a positive test result for angina in predicting the presence of CAD. RESULTS: Ninety-three patients (50%) had CAD. Of the 124 patients with angina, 68 (54.8%) had CAD, whereas of the 62 patients without angina, 25 had CAD (40.3%) (p=0.087). Therefore, the diagnostic sensitivity of angina to detect CAD was 73.1%, specificity was 39.7%, positive predictive value was 54.8%, negative predictive value was 59.6%, and the likelihood ratio of a positive test result was 1.6. CONCLUSION: Angina pectoris is not a good predictor of CAD in patients with AS who are more than 50 years of age.

Read Full Article

Clinical Update

Nitric oxide, cardiovascular disease and physical exercise

Anderson Saranz Zago et al. Angelina Zanesco

CLINICAL UPDATE

Nitric oxide, cardiovascular disease and physical exercise

[…]

Read Full Article

Atualização

High technology and placebo effect: myocardial laser revascularization in the palliative treatment of refractory angina pectoris

Mário Sérgio Soares de Azeredo Coutinho

CLINICAL UPDATE

High technology and placebo effect: myocardial laser revascularization in the palliative treatment of refractory angina pectoris

[…]

Read Full Article

Case Report

Technical challenges and complications of double valve replacement in the presence of small aortic and mitral annuli

Fernando A. Atik et al. Gosta B. Pettersson A. Marc Gillinov Bruce W. Lytle

A 57 year old female with rheumatic heart disease affecting both aortic and mitral valves underwent double valve replacement. The presence of small aortic and mitral annuli contributed to a series of intraoperative complications: left coronary ostium occlusion and type III atrioventricular groove disruption. The latter was repaired with a generous fresh autologous pericardial double layer patch and implant of a bileaflet mechanical prosthesis over the patch. Postoperatively, the patient developed prolonged respiratory insufficiency and pneumonia, transient myocardial dysfunction and acute renal failure. She was eventually discharged home without residual defects.

Read Full Article

Artigo Original

Percentile curves of normal values of echocardiographic measurements in normal children from the central-southern region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Rossano César Bonatto et al. José Roberto Fioretto Katashi Okoshi Beatriz Bojikian Matsubara … Carlos Roberto Padovani Thiago Colletti Remond Manfrin Michelle de Farias Gobbi Rodolfo Silva De Martino Edson Antônio Bregagnollo

OBJECTIVE: To asses the values of echocardiographic measurements in normal children without cardiopathy and to build percentile curves, relating them to the body surface (BS, m²). METHODS: We analyzed M-mode echocardiographic measurements for children between one and 144 months of age. We assessed right ventricular diastolic diameter (RVDd, mm) and left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVDd, mm), LV systolic diameter (LVSd, mm), right ventricular outflow tract diameter (RVOT, mm), aortic diameter (AoD, mm) and left atrial diameter (LAD, mm); left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, %); percentage of variation of left ventricular diameter (deltaLV, %); interventricular septum diastolic thickness (IVSDT, mm) and LV posterior wall diastolic thickness (PWDT, mm); left ventricular mass (LVM, g) and LV mass index (LVMI, g/m²). RESULTS: At the end of the study, 595 children (326 male) were assessed. The values of echocardiographic measurements showed a good correlation with BS and allowed the constructing of percentile curves (3%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 97%). Statistically significant differences between the genders were evidenced for the following variables: LVSd, LVDd, RVOT, AoD, LVM and LVMI, and the highest values were observed in male children. CONCLUSION: The percentile curves of the values obtained can be used as a reference to assess children with suspicion of cardiopathy or to follow-up on those with diagnosed cardiopathy or under treatment with potentially cardiotoxic drugs.

Read Full Article

Review Article

HDL management: recent advances and perspectives beyond LDL reduction

Marcelo Lemos Ineu et al. Euler Manenti José Luís Vieira da Costa Emílio Moriguchi

REVIEW ARTICLE

HDL management: recent advances and perspectives beyond LDL reduction

[…]

Read Full Article

Artigo Original

The role of storage of interstitial myocardial collagen on the overlife rate of patients with idiopathic and chagasic dilated cardiomyopathy

Vera Lopes Nunes et al. Felix José Alvarez Ramires Walace de Souza Pimentel Fábio Fernandes … Barbara Maria Ianni Charles Mady

OBJECTIVE: To find out whether there is a correlation between a myocardial structural marker and the overlife rate of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. METHODS: Using endomyocardial biopsy and 2D-echocardiogram, we studied nine patients with no changes in myocardial structure (control) and 45 patients with severe dilated cardiomyopathy of idiopathic etiology (IDCM) and of Chagasic etiology (CDCM). We analyzed the correlation between the quantity of interstitial myocardial collagen (ICVF) and the overlife rates of these patients. We also evaluated the difference in ICVF between these groups and whether fibrosis interfered on the geometry and function of the myocardium. RESULTS: We observed that ICVF was 15 times higher in cardiomyopathy patients than in the control group, but there was no difference in ICVF between CDCM and IDCM (*p < 0.001) patients. There was no correlation between ICVF and the overlife rate in cardiomyopathy patients (IDCM p = 0.249, and CDCM p = 0.587). We observed a significant correlation between ICVF and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) only for IDCM. There was no correlation between ICVF and left ventricular diastolic diameter in either etiology. CONCLUSION: There was no difference in myocardial fibrosis between patients with CDCM or IDCM, and there was no correlation between fibrosis and the prognosis either for IDCM or CDCM. There was a correlation between myocardial fibrosis and LVEF only for IDCM.

Read Full Article

Case Report

Acute myocardial infarction related to blunt thoracic trauma

Bruno Laurenti Janella et al. Robério Júnior Damasceno Pinto Henrique Patrus Mundim Pena José Guilherme Carneiro … Marcos Roberto de Sousa Marcos Almeida Magalhães Andrade Júnior

Sixty-one-year-old male patient with diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome and unstable angina was submitted to coronary angiography and implant of stent. His Blood vell count revealed 40,000 platelets/mm³. Coronary angiography with previous platelet transfusion showed obstruction of 80% of the right coronary artery (RCA). Following the administration of clopidogrel, the patient was submitted to another platelet transfusion and stent implantation in the RCA lesion. No bleeding was observed after the introducers removal. After 6 months, treadmill test was positive and new coronary aniography, in the same conditions, showed in-stent restenosis. This case report suggests that coronary stent implantation in patients with thrombocytopenia is a safe procedure, provided that prophylactic platelet transfusion is performed, although late restenosis may occur.

Read Full Article

Artigo Original

Dyslipidemia among adolescents and children from Pernambuco – Brazil

Everaldo de Franca et al. João Guilherme Bezerra Alves

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of dyslipidemia and overweight among children and adolescents in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. METHODS: During clinical evaluation, a questionnaire was completed through interviews with parents and included personal details of the children and adolescents. An exclusion criterion was personal or parental history of diabetes or coronary artery disease (CAD). Blood samples were collected from subjects who had been fasting for 12 hours, and the following evaluations were performed using enzymatic methods: serum Total Cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, HDL-Cholesterol and Triglycerides. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 11.5 statistical package including Student’s t test and Fisher’s exact test. RESULTS: Of the 414 children and adolescents analyzed in the present study, about 30% presented an atherogenic lipid profile, characterized by higher levels of Triglyceride, Total and LDL- Cholesterol. The prevalence of overweight in this sample from Pernambuco was 4%. Girls had higher levels of Triglycerides and Total Cholesterol than boys. Children and adolescents presented the same values of lipid on blood that is not expected for children in this phase of development. CONCLUSION: In the present population, an unfavorable lipid profile among children and adolescents from Pernambuco suggests that programs targeting the prevention of cardiovascular disease and obesity must begin early in life.

Read Full Article

Review Article

The utility of transcranial doppler in the acute ischemic stroke

Viviane Flumignan Zétola et al. Marcos Christiano Lange

REVIEW ARTICLE

The utility of Transcranial Doppler in the acute ischemic stroke

[…]

Read Full Article

Case Report

Thrombotic events in two siblings with thrombophilia

Ricardo Pereira Silva et al. Carlos Roberto Martins Rodrigues

We describe the clinical case of two siblings with different presentations of thrombotic phenomena, in which prothrombin mutation was observed.

Read Full Article

See all articles