Periodicals as Topic – ABC CARDIOL

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Review Article

2020 Top 10 Original Articles in the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia and the Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia

Ricardo Fontes-Carvalho et al. Gláucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira Nuno Cardim Carlos Eduardo Rochitte

Introduction

In recent years, the Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (RPC) and the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (ABC Cardiol) have gotten together annually to elaborate a list of the most relevant papers published in both journals,^, highlighting some of the best scientific articles in Portuguese.

Based on the success of that initiative, the editors of both journals have decided to cooperate once again to elaborate the ‘Top 10’ list of 2020 of each journal. The year 2020 was marked by the huge impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in both countries, with an enormous pressure on the healthcare institutions and professionals. Despite those challenges, the scientific quality of the publications in both journals remained extremely high, with excellent original articles.

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Review Article

The Top 10 Original Articles Published in the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia and in the Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia in 2019

Gláucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira et al. Ricardo Fontes-Carvalho Lino Gonçalves Nuno Cardim Carlos Eduardo Rochitte

Introduction

For centuries, Portugal and Brazil have shared a tradition of cooperation, which applies to medicine. In cardiology, for example, their national scientific societies – the Brazilian Society of Cardiology and the Portuguese Society of Cardiology – have a long history of collaboration, which extends to their journals.

The Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia ( Arq Bras Cardiol ), the official scientific publication of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology, with an impact factor of 1.679 in 2018 (JCR), is the most influential cardiology journal in Brazil and Latin America. This can be exemplified by the increasing number of submissions to the Arq Bras Cardiol (650 in 2017, 771 in 2018, and 734 in 2019), and by its h5 index of 31 and h5 median of 39, with acceptance rate lower than 20%.

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Editorial

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (ABC Cardiol) and the new classification Qualis of Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Carlos E. Rochitte et al. Alexandre Schaan de Quadros Amanda Guerra de Moraes Rego Sousa Ana Marice Teixeira Ladeia … Andréa Araujo Brandão Andrea De Lorenzo Andrei Sposito Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro Claudio Tinoco Mesquita Fernanda Marciano Consolim Colombo José Antônio Marin-Neto Ludhmila Abrahão Hajjar Marcelo Bertolami Ricardo Stein Sandra Fuchs Sergio Emanuel Kaiser Romeu Sergio Meneghelo Gláucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira

The Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (ABC), the official scientific journal of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology (BSC), is currently the journal in Cardiology with the highest impact in Brazil and Latin America, with a 2018 JCR impact factor of 1.679. During its history, the ABC has played an important role of publishing scientific papers produced in Brazil in journals indexed in the most prominent English-language, international databases. It thus acts as a window to the world of the Brazilian scientific production.

The mission of the ABC is to disseminate the results of national and international studies on cardiovascular diseases, to foster scientific debate on the area by means of review articles, viewpoints, editorials, letters and others, and to publish BSC scientific guidelines and standards. The journal’s commitment is in line with the mission of the BSC to expand and spread the knowledge about cardiovascular science, to represent and promote the development of cardiologists and to take actions for the cardiovascular health in Brazil.

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Viewpoint

For a Model of Self-Citation Governance in Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

Marcos Antonio Almeida-Santos et al. Deyse Mirelle Souza Santos Beatriz Santana Prado José Augusto Barreto-Filho

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (ABC) has been the official scientific publication of Brazilian Society of Cardiology (Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, SBC) since 1948. Since its beginning, ABC has continuously published articles on a wide range of topics in cardiology, becoming the main organ of dissemination of scientific work in Brazil and Portuguese-speaking countries. Since 1950, the articles have been indexed in the main international databases (Institute of Scientific Information – ISI Web of Science; Cumulated Index Medicus – MEDLINE; Pubmed Central; EMBASE; SCOPUS; SCIELO and LILACS), and are currently published in two languages (English and Portuguese). Thomson Reuters publishing company, owner of the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) statistical database, created the concept of impact factor in 1955, aiming to provide an instrument to evaluate the performance of scientific publications in a comparative and quantitative manner. Impact factor is calculated by dividing the number of citations of articles published in an academic or technical journal indexed in the ISI by the total number of articles published in that journal during the two preceding years. These estimates include approximately 3,300 journals, 200 subject areas and 100 countries.

Impact factor is a metric for journal assessment, widely used by researchers to choose the best journal to submit their papers. However, its validity as an indicator of scientific impact has been questioned due to, among others, self-promoting journal self-citation in attempt to increase their impact factor. Overuse of self-citation practices is punishable, and caused the exclusion of 5 Brazilian journals from the JCR for one year (2013). For this reason, efficient control measures of this practice should be developed and implemented by scientific journals that seek to adhere to ethical precepts recommended by the scientific community.

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Editorial

The Challenge of Eight Years as Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia Editor-in-Chief

Luiz Felipe P. Moreira

When we took over as Editor-in-Chief of Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia in January 2010, the journal was more than 60 years old and had already attained complete maturity from the huge work developed by the great masters of the Brazilian cardiology who had preceded us as Editors. Present in the most relevant international citation indexing services, the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia is the major outreach channel of the Brazilian scientific research in cardiovascular diseases, representing the major asset of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology. Several suggestions were implanted aimed at consolidating our editorial structure and reaching the position as the major scientific forum in cardiology in Latin America.

In the past eight years, the trajectory of the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia was characterized mainly by actions to improve its editorial process and to incorporate new edition technologies and new digital media. To face the great demand of the manuscripts submitted to publishing, which nowadays add up to 500 articles per year, the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia improved their electronic submission system and the review and editing processes, ensuring faster responses to the authors and better editorial quality publishing of the articles selected. Currently, the mean time of assessment and correction of the articles is around four months, while that time for Portuguese and English language publications is around four to five months. In addition, we provide the authors with the previous publishing of their articles in PubMed within less than eight months from their initial submission, guaranteeing the researchers the fast insertion of their work in the international literature. In parallel, we strived to incorporate the major editorial practices of the most prestigious international journals, such as the policies recommended by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) and the Association of the Editors of the European Society of Cardiology-affiliated journals, in addition to the inclusion of processes of language review, statistical review and antiplagiarism. Available in the electronic pdf format since 2011, the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia have counted since July 2012 with formats compatible with most tablets and smartphones, facilitating integral access to the journal in the major electronic media access systems.

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Editorial

Impact of Brazilian papers in cardiology and cardiovascular sciences in the last decade

Luiz Felipe P. Moreira

During the last decade, there has been a significant increase in the number of Brazilian publications in cardiology and cardiovascular sciences in important international citation indexing platforms. This occurred in Brazil and in most Latin American countries at approximately 13% per year between 1999 and 2008 according to the study by Colantionio et al. This represents nearly 3% of all articles published in international journals indexed in the Web of Science platform, maintained by Thompson-Reuters, and Scopus-Scimago, provided by Elsevier.

Although most of our indexed articles have been published in international journals, the citation indexes achieved by Brazilian and Latin American authors are usually lower than those from countries with higher income or higher Human Development Index. This is even more evident for studies conducted in national institutions in comparison with those developed with some degree of international cooperation.

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Editorial

Cardiology Journals from Portuguese-Speaking Countries: Challenges and Opportunities

Luiz Felipe P. Moreira

Scientific development is currently happening at an increasingly faster pace. With this situation, the scientific journals are required to commit to disseminating new knowledge with greater agility and broad propagation by the main international indexers. On the other hand, the mission of the scientific journals is also to encourage the propagation and discussion of new subjects in scientific communities, a situation of great importance mainly for those journals associated with medical societies and with a predominantly national circulation.

With respect to scientific propagation at an international level, the use of the English language has been well defined as being universal, leaving those publications in other languages to the background. Only articles published in English in broadly indexed journals achieve a greater number of citations, collaborating effectively in consolidating the involved research groups and elevating the impact of the periodicals in which they were published. On the other hand, health professionals in several countries still encounter difficulties in accessing the international scientific literature and find in their local language the primary means to keep up with new knowledge.

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Editorial

Role of the International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences in the Increase of Brazilian publications in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences

Luiz Felipe P. Moreira

The number of Brazilian scientific publications in the field of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences in international indexing journals, different from other areas of Medicine, has remained largely stable over the past eight years. This situation does not reflect the significant increase in the number of senior researchers and the number of studies carried out in the several fields of activity that constitute our medical specialty. We currently observe the development of our Postgraduate Programs, as well as the opening of new research centers focused on the study of cardiovascular diseases in several universities of the country.

On the other hand, in spite of the increased number of international journals in our area, with the creation of “families of journals” associated to the periodicals of highest significance, the publication of Brazilian articles of greater impact on the area of cardiology remains limited. Additionally, we have not had the incorporation of new journals published in Brazil in the field of cardiovascular science, which prevents the access of Brazilian researchers to the scientific dissemination of their work. The Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, the journal responsible for the disclosure of approximately 20% of national publications indexed in our area of operation, can now publish only 25% of the submitted articles, of which approximately 10% comes from foreign research centers.

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Editorial

Is there any Influence of Journal Impact Factor on the Citation Index of Articles Published in Brazilian Journals with International Scope?

Luiz Felipe P. Moreira

With the recent disclosure of the journals impact factors of 2014 by Thomson-Reuters, we verified that the Brazilian Archives of Cardiology maintained its Impact Factor (IF) at the same levels observed in recent years, contrary to the expected prospects since the publication of its first index five years ago. A similar situation has also been observed regarding most journals with international scope published in Brazil, despite the many efforts by their editors to attract the publication of the best scientific quality articles, as well as to improve publication editorial quality.

The fact that the IF has remained unchanged represents a significant problem for the national publication journals, as the Brazilian postgraduate courses are the most important suppliers of high-quality works for publication and the main mission of our journals is precisely to facilitate the dissemination of scientific research carried out in our country. As the result of the maintenance of the scoring criteria of postgraduate programs by the Higher Education Personnel Training Coordination (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Capes) of the Ministry of Education, based on the impact factor of journals where our scientists publish their research, a vicious circle is formed, which does not favor the development of our publications.

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Editorial

The representativeness of the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia for Brazilian Cardiology Science

Paulo Roberto Barbosa Evora et al. Luiz Felipe P. Moreira

The front page of the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (Brazilian Archives of Cardiology) discloses an objective view of the current representativeness of the journal:

Considering the historical and academic significance of the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, since its indexing in MEDLINE that started in 1950, some authors have assumed the hypothesis that the analysis of publications in the last 60 years could reflect the changing trends of heart disease in Brazil. The existence of an epidemiological link between cardiac diseases that are prevalent in Brazil and the publications of the Arquivos has been suggested. This evidence, associated with planning, publications and guideline updates, leaves no doubt about its crucial importance for Brazilian Cardiology^–.

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Editorial

Perspectives and Evolution of Research in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences in Latin America

Luiz Felipe P. Moreira

Publications on cardiovascular research have significantly increased in Brazil and in most of Latin American countries over the past decade. According to the bibliometric study by Colantonio et al. published as a special article in this issue of the Brazilian Archives of Cardiology, this increase occurred at a mean percentage of 12.9% per year from 1999 to 2008. In the last five years, the number of publications in Cardiovascular Sciences has significantly increased in the same countries, reaching approximately 1,500 publications in this area of knowledge in 2013, according to data from the main international indexing systems such as Thompson-Reuters’ Web of Science and Elsevier’s Scopus-Scimago. These figures, however, still account for less than 3% of articles published in international journals indexed in the area of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences.

The bibliometric analysis regarding publications on cardiovascular research in Latin America further demonstrates there is a close association between the Human Development Index (HDI) and the per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the analyzed countries and the total number of studies published during the assessed period. This association was significant, with the sole exception of Brazil, which showed a much more significant participation in the number of scientific publications produced in the country than that expected by its level of development, accounting for more than 60% of all assessed publications. The growing increase in the number and quality of publications in Cardiology in our country is explained by the better qualification of Brazilian researchers as a result from the training provided by the Stricto sensu graduate programs and incentive programs aimed at scientific formation and production sponsored by the Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq) and national medical societies.

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Editorial

Trajectories of Cardiovascular Health: Life Course Epidemiology in Brazil

Lucia Campos Pellanda

Cardiovascular epidemiology has advanced enormously in the study of risk factors for atherosclerosis, as evidenced by publications in Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (ABC) in the last years ^– .

Based on this information, it is possible to explore new hypotheses and, therefore, new frontiers for prevention. The different perspectives for the study of these risk factors include the life course epidemiology. This perspective considers that the onset of the disease may occur long before the establishment of traditional risk factors in adulthood. Thus, health and diseases can be considered as a result of long-term effects of exposure to different factors throughout the various stages of life, including intrauterine life, childhood, adolescence and adulthood.

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Editorial

The Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia and the Dissemination of Cardiovascular Science Research in Brazil

Luiz Felipe P. Moreira

For over six decades, the development of cardiology and cardiovascular science in Brazil has been documented by the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia. Over these years, major changes have been observed in various fields of expertise, and new fields of investigation and activity have emerged, significantly transforming the contents of our journal. As we begin a new volume of files at the same time they also started a new period in front of the management of the journal, it is important to highlight the main aspects and trends in publications held. Therefore, it is of great importance that among more than 1,500 original manuscripts published by Brazilian authors on journals indexed by Thomson-Reuters in the database Web of Science regarding cardiovascular topics, from 2010 to 2012, about 27% were published by the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, which makes clear the importance of this journal for the Brazilian cardiology science.

With respect to the changes seen in the publications of the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia throughout its existence, the special article published in this edition, by Évora et al., provides an excellent overview on the evolution of the prevalence of major heart diseases based on the manuscripts published over 60 years, during which the journal was indexed at an international level. Over the period analyzed, we observe a progressive increase in the percentage of publications regarding coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, hypertension and congestive heart failure – conditions whose prevalence and whose prevention and treatment actions have become increasingly frequent. In parallel, a decrease in the percentage of manuscripts addressing valvular heart diseases, including rheumatic disease, has been documented, as well as those that refer to Chagas’ disease and cardiac arrhythmias.

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Special Article

Prevalence of Heart Disease Demonstrated in 60 Years of the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

Paulo Roberto Barbosa Evora et al. Julio Cesar Nather Alfredo José Rodrigues

Considering the historical and academic relevance of the Brazilian Archives of Cardiology (ABC), as its MEDLINE indexing began in 1950, it was assumed as a hypothesis that the analysis of the publications over the last 60 years could reflect the changing trends of heart disease in Brazil.

The study data were collected using a program developed for this purpose, allowing the automatic extraction of information from the MEDLINE database. The study information were collected by searching “Brazilian Archives of Cardiology AND selected parameter in English”. Four observational groups were determined: (1) major groups of heart diseases (coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease and cardiomyopathies); (2) relevant diseases in clinical practice (cardiac arrhythmias, cor pulmonale, myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure); (3) cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis); and (4) group determined due to the growing trend of publications on congestive heart failure seen in previous groups (congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, rheumatic heart disease and Chagasic heart disease)

All publications within the established groups were described, highlighting the increasing importance of heart failure and diabetes as risk factors. A relatively easy search was carried out, using the computer program developed for literature search covering six decades. Emphasizing the limitations of the study, we suggest the existence of an epidemiological link between cardiac diseases that are prevalent in Brazil and the publications of the Brazilian Archives of Cardiology.

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