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Artificial Intelligence Assistance in the Peer Review Analysis of Medical Articles: Advantages, Disadvantages, and Ethical Considerations

AI talks about the role of AI as a reviewer of medical papers:

The peer review process is a cornerstone of scientific integrity, particularly in the field of medicine, where rigorous evaluation ensures that published research is credible, reproducible, and safe for clinical application. However, the growing volume of medical articles submitted for publication, coupled with the complexity of modern research, has strained the traditional peer review system.

The use of AI in the peer review of medical articles represents a transformative opportunity to address the mounting challenges of academic publishing in a field where accuracy, timeliness, and reliability are paramount. However, alongside its potential benefits, AI introduces significant drawbacks and notable challenges. This essay examines the benefits and shortcomings of AI in the peer review analysis of medical articles, as well as the ethical implications of its integration.

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IJCS

Editorial

Dr. Strange, Artisanisation, and the Percolative Artificial Intelligence: Where Should We Go?

Erito Marques de Souza Filho et al. Leonardo Silva de Lima Raphael de Moraes Dutenkerfer Célia Martins Cortez

Percolation appears as a ubiquitous phenomenon in nature, with significant practical relevance in the study of networks. Its origins connect to the pioneering work of Paul Flory in 1940 and the foundational research of Broadbent and Hammersley in 1957, which established its intricate mathematical principles,^, incorporating concepts from probability, physics, and graph theory. In a network composed of nodes and edges, understanding how percolation operates enables researchers to evaluate the effects of adding or removing an edge or a node on network connectivity. A simple example emerges in coffee brewing: an excessive amount of ground coffee can obstruct the water, preventing full percolation. This theory applies to porous materials development, including membranes, filters, and absorbent substances. The extracorporeal circulation membrane exemplifies this application, serving as a crucial tool for sustaining cardiac and respiratory functions when conventional methods prove ineffective. Additionally, a pilot study proposed these ideas as a conceptual framework for explaining atrial fibrillation termination.

Percolation Theory also plays a crucial role in distribution networks, including energy and water systems. It contributes to disease propagation assessments, such as in epidemiology,^, the study of geometric characteristics of viral capsids to understand specific geometries favored in natural evolution, the dissemination of information in social networks, and forest fire analysis. Kotlarz et al. applied the theory to examine the network effects of beta-amyloid protein deposition in Alzheimer’s disease. Rabinovitch et al. used percolation theory to investigate fibrosis in cardiac cells. Their findings suggest that fibrosis propagation in these cells mirrors the behavior observed in forest fires.

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ABCHF

Research Letter

Ethical and Legal Aspects of Palliative Care in Heart Failure in Brazil

Daniel Battacini Dei Santi

Introduction

Terminal heart failure (HF) poses numerous difficulties to clinical practice, with ethical, moral, and legal dilemmas. Given that it is an advanced stage of incurable and progressive diseases, the few therapeutic possibilities that are available and tolerated aim to delay evolution, attempt to maintain the balance of organic functions, control symptoms, and offer comfort to patients. Generally, the clinical context is complex, involving interaction with other morbidities, low functionality, frailty, and high symptomatology.^–

There is undoubtedly a high risk of death, in addition to a risk of suffering from the conditions caused by the disease or resulting from treatments. Decision making in terminal HF is a challenge, in the continuous search for adequate therapies that offer strategies that benefit the patient, without adding more risks or damages than are already inherent to their clinical condition.^,

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IJCS

Editorial

Science Gender Gap: Are We in theRight Path?

Gláucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira et al. Marge Tenorio Alessandra de Sá Earp Siqueira

Women are entering the medical and scientific community in growing numbers, reaching and even surpassing their male counterparts in medical schools. However, a settled imbalance between men and women is still a reality in the international cardiology community despite these recent advances. The female presence in Brazilian medical schools was barely noticed until the 1960s; in the following years, there was a gradual increase in the number of women in the medical field, mainly in the first decade of the 21st century (59 % in 2020). In a 2020 demographic analysis of the Brazilian Federal Council of Medicine , men still predominated, accounting for 53.4% of all doctors in the country. Nevertheless, in the age-range below 30-years-old, women are the majority, accounting for 58.5%; the percentage of female doctors is inversely proportional to the increase in the age group, with only 21% of women in the age group above 70 years old.

In the USA, women represent less than 15% of the cardiology workforce and less than 5% of interventional cardiologists, while in Europe, women account for only one-third of cardiologists, and 18% of women are interventionists. Currently, Brazil has nearly 500 thousand doctors, 17,802 thousand cardiologists, of which 31.1% are females, and mostly concentrated in the southeast region. In 2018, only 215 (8.6%) of a total of 2,062 cardiovascular surgeons and 7.5% of 970 interventional cardiologists were women. The Brazilian Society of Cardiology had two female presidents; and the Cardiovascular Surgery Society, the Interventional Cardiology, and the Federation of Portuguese Language Cardiology Societies had one female president. Also, in the last five years, only one fifth of the speakers in the annual congress of the Brazilian Cardiology Society were women.

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ABC

Editorial

Radi Macruz – The Legacy of an Icon

Edmar Atik et al. Charles Mady Jose Antonio Franchini Ramires

Radi Macruz, Associate Professor in the Department of Cardio-Pulmonology at Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, died in São Paulo on November 30, 2020, at the age of 95.

He was born on July 5, 1925 in São Paulo, son of the Lebanese couple Kalil and Nini Macruz. Attended medical school at FMUSP and became the great pioneer physician, introducing many advances that made him one of the most relevant icons. He was an idealizer in pursuit of the most appropriate dynamics of science and scientific discoveries.

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IJCS

Editorial

Integrity in Scientific Research

Claudio Tinoco Mesquita

The publication of a scientific paper is one of the biggest goals of a scientist. It is fundamental for the advancement of science, improvement of society and the sovereignty of nations. The role played by editors of biomedical journal is considered decisive for the integrity of scientific research. The purpose of this paper is to offer inputs about integrity and scientific fraud and discuss the initiatives that have been taken for the promotion and strengthening of good practices in research.

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Artificial Intelligence Assistance in the Peer Review Analysis of Medical Articles: Advantages, Disadvantages, and Ethical Considerations

AI talks about the role of AI as a reviewer of medical papers:

Dr. Strange, Artisanisation, and the Percolative Artificial Intelligence: Where Should We Go?

Ethical and Legal Aspects of Palliative Care in Heart Failure in Brazil

Introduction

Science Gender Gap: Are We in theRight Path?

Radi Macruz – The Legacy of an Icon

Integrity in Scientific Research

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Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)

Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)