Scientific and Technical Publications

IJCS

Editorial

Use of Artificial Intelligence in Scientific Publications

Marcella dos Santos Lopes da Silva et al. Jayme Portasio Lopes Thaís Amadeu Pol Claudio Tinoco Mesquita

Social explosion

The creation of various types of AI has led to the generation of a large cluster of data, called “Big Data”. This data storage brings countless possibilities for use, such as in health and education, data interpretation, recognition of writing patterns, and analysis and construction of texts. The social explosion of AI occurred in November 2022, with the launch of the chatbot ChaGTP, developed by OpenAi, which was the first use of generative AI to be successful and reach millions of users quickly. Generative AI consists of algorithms that, once trained with extensive databases, can provide original texts, images, and audios, based on learned patterns.

Currently, the use of high-performance software, chatbots and virtual assistants permeates society and impacts all spheres of human thought thanks to the constant development of NLP, computer vision and robotics. However, along with these advances come ethical and social issues that need to be addressed, such as privacy, security, the use of original data created by third parties, plagiarism and the impact on the job market.

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Editorial

Brazilian Society of Cardiology Guidelines: New Norms, New Challenges

Carisi A. Polanczyk et al. Leonardo Castro Luna Helena Cramer Veiga Rey Humberto Graner Moreira … José Airton de Arruda Pedro Gabriel Melo de Barros e Silva Mario de Seixas Rocha

Brazilian Society of Cardiology Guidelines

The first Brazilian Society of Cardiology (SBC) guidelines also emerged in the 1980s and 1990s, addressing issues related to the diagnosis and treatment of prevalent cardiovascular diseases, such as high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, and heart failure. In 2006, the SBC’s Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee (ConDir) was established. It is responsible for coordinating the development of guidelines and technical standards for clinical practice among Brazilian cardiologists. The guidelines of other international cardiology societies have clear goals, including: improved care quality; safe and effective treatment for the greatest number of patients, regardless of location or health care provider; curbing unscientific practices; and optimal use of the available resources, avoiding waste and promoting the health system’s sustainability.

SBC Guidelines have become an important reference for cardiovascular care in Brazil, serving as a guide for health professionals and the entire ecosystem: providers, payment sources, and health managers.

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IJCS

Editorial

Integrity in Scientific Research

Claudio Tinoco Mesquita

The publication of a scientific paper is one of the biggest goals of a scientist. It is fundamental for the advancement of science, improvement of society and the sovereignty of nations. The role played by editors of biomedical journal is considered decisive for the integrity of scientific research. The purpose of this paper is to offer inputs about integrity and scientific fraud and discuss the initiatives that have been taken for the promotion and strengthening of good practices in research.

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Letter to the Editor

Comments on the article by Araújo: are the criteria for peer review and publication clear?

Paulo Roberto Benchimol-Barbosa

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

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Point of view

Why publish in national journals?

Max Grinberg et al. Maria Cecília Solimene Maria do Carmo Cavarette Barreto

The reluctance of Brazilian authors to publish in Brazilian journals is historical and no longer justified. Currently, several Brazilian journals are indexed in international databases, of which English versions allow disclosure of our studies to foreign countries. The authors express their views on the importance of publishing in national journals and cite the example of the impact of publications from Instituto do Coração – InCor-HCFMUSP in the past two years.

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Point of view

Recent cardiopulmonary studies

Maurício Rocha-e-Silva

Over the period 2009 – 2010, Clinics has published a relatively large number of original studies dealing with the cardiovascular and pulmonary system. Twenty of these have attracted significant numbers of citations within this relatively short time span. This short review covers these aspects of recent research with direct interest to cardiologists. Articles were grouped under three headings: Cardiology, Pneumology and Multidisciplinary

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Special Article

Profile and Scientific Production of CNPq Researchers in Cardiology

Eduardo Araujo de Oliveira et al. Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro Isabel Gomes Quirino Maria Christina Lopes Oliveira … Daniella Reis Martelli Leonardo Santos Lima Enrico Antonio Colosimo Thais Junqueira Lopes Ana Cristina Simões Silva Hercílio Martelli-Junior

BACKGROUND: Systematic assessments of the scientific production can optimize resource allocation and increase research productivity in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile and scientific production of researchers in the field of Cardiology who have fellowship in Medicine provided by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico. METHODS: The curriculum Lattes of 33 researchers with active fellowships from 2006 to 2008 were included in the analysis. The variables of interest were: gender, affiliation, tutoring of undergraduate, masters and PhD students, and scientific production and its impact. RESULTS: : There was predominance of males (72.7%) and of fellowship level 2 (56.4%). Three states of the Federation were responsible for 94% of the researchers: SP (28; 71.8%), RS (4; 10.3%), e RJ (3; 9.1%). Four institutions are responsible for about 82% of researchers: USP (13; 39.4%), UNESP (5; 15.2%), UFRGS (4; 12.1%) e UNIFESP (3; 9.1%). During all academic careers, the researchers published 2.958 journal articles, with a mean of 89 articles per researcher. Of total, 55% and 75% were indexed at Web of Science and Scopus databases, respectively. The researchers received a total of 19648 citations at the database Web of Science, with a median of 330 citations per researcher (IQ = 198-706). The average number of citations per article was 13.5 citations (SD = 11.6). CONCLUSION: Our study has shown that researchers in the field of cardiology have a relevant scientific production. The knowledge of the profile of researchers in the field of Cardiology will probably enable effective strategies to qualitatively improve the scientific output of Brazilian researchers.

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Artigo Original

Technologies for the investigation of CAD: association between scientific publications and clinical use

Paulo Schiavom Duarte

BACKGROUND: Although some evidence suggests an association between a technology exposure in the literature and its dissemination in clinical practice, few studies have evaluated such association. OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether the pattern of scientific publication on two competitive technologies used in the assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) reflects what occurs in clinical practice. METHODS: The number of scientific articles published annually in the medical literature (global scientific interest in technology) on two technologies used in the assessment of CAD was evaluated: electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). The number of countries that annually publish scientific articles about these technologies (geographic interest in the technology) was also analyzed. RESULTS: The EBCT showed a peak of “global scientific interest” in 2001, with 127 published articles. After this peak, the “global scientific interest” decreased by around 50% in 2008. In opposition, the “global scientific interest” for MDCT progressively increased up to 2007, with 454 articles published in that year. The “geographic scientific interest” by EBCT showed a peak in 2002, with 14 countries publishing about this technology. After this peak, the “geographic scientific interest” decreased by almost 25% up to 2008, with 11 countries publishing about this technology. In opposition, the “geographic scientific interest” by MDCT progressively increased up to 2008, with 37 countries publishing articles about it. CONCLUSION: The medical scientific literature is compatible with the substitution of EBCT by MDCT in the assessment of CAD.

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Artigo Original

Graduates from a postgraduate program in cardiology: are the results of almost 30 years adequate?

Luana Brock et al. Edileuza Cunha José Roberto Tavares Iran Gonçalves Jr … Angelo A V de Paola Valdir Moisés Antonio Carlos Carvalho

BACKGROUND: Stricto sensu post-graduation in Brazil was implemented in 1965 to increase university professors’ teaching quality and to prepare full, independent researchers. The brazilian share in ISI publications has increased significantly since then, but little information is available on postgraduate quality. OBJECTIVE: To review 29 years of the postgraduate programs in cardiology at the Federal University of São Paulo and to analyze master and doctorate graduates’ characteristics regarding their origin, publications and subsequent career. METHODS: We developed a questionnaire to evaluate 168 postgraduates who produced 196 theses (116 master’s and 80 doctorate) over the period 1975-2004 and contacted 95.9% of them. Information on publications were obtained through the usual science databases. RESULTS: 30% of graduates came from the North-Northeast-Central West regions and only 50% returned to their original area. Mean age at admission was 32.5 and 34.9 years old for master and doctorate students, respectively; average program duration was, respectively, 39.0 and 43.2 months and approximately 50% went through it without any grants. Thesis publications throughout these 29 years averaged 36.5% for master’s and 61.9% for doctorate, but any publishing afterwards occurred in 70.2 and 90.6% of the cases. The average impact factor of the published theses was 1.3 for master’s degree and 3.1 for doctorate programs with 65.5% and 87.5% of Qualis A, respectively. Currently, there are graduates in 17 states of the country and 12 have became full professors. CONCLUSION: Although the stricto sensu program, especially the master’s degree program, has many areas that need improvement, they seem to be contributing to improve professional quality and the number of brazilian indexed publications.

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