Hypertension/prevalence

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Letter to the Editor

Previous Chronic Diseases and their Relationship with COVID-19 Infection

Bruna Redivo de Souza et al. Eliane Mazzuco Layse Wiggers Kemper

Dear editor,

Due to the current global pandemic, the subject addressed is of great relevance. It is known that there is a certain urgency in the production and dissemination of scientific and epidemiological data about the new Coronavirus. Therefore, research that helps profile the population most vulnerable to this disease contributes to preventing an even greater number of deaths and sequelae resulting from COVID-19.

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Letter to the Editor

Body Mass Index May Influence Heart Rate Variability

Thalys Sampaio Rodrigues et al. Levindo José Garcia Quarto

We read with interest the article by Bassi et al., titled “Effects of Coexistence Hypertension and Type II Diabetes on Heart Rate Variability and Cardiorespiratory Fitness”, published in the issue of July 2018. The authors investigated the influence of systemic hypertension on cardiac autonomic modulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and assessed the heart rate variability (HRV) on exercise capacity in these patients. They concluded that hypertension negatively affects cardiac autonomic function, with greater impairment in HRV, when compared to normotensive patients with T2DM.

Several aspects of this study require discussion. As previously reported, numerous factors may have impact on HRV indices, including sex, insulin resistance, body mass index (BMI), hyperlipidemia, hypertension, ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, and smoking status.^– For instance, increased BMI can independently decrease HRV, particularly when central adiposity is present. Indeed, the hypertensive group had a higher BMI when compared to the normotensive group (28 ± 4.4 vs 31 ± 3.8, p = 0.031). Given the lack of control for BMI between the two groups, the conclusions made by the authors should be regarded cautiously.

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Original Article

Effects of Coexistence Hypertension and Type II Diabetes on Heart Rate Variability and Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Daniela Bassi et al. Ramona Cabiddu Renata G. Mendes Natália Tossini … Vivian M. Arakelian Flávia C. R. Caruso José C. Bonjorno Júnior Ross Arena Audrey Borghi-Silva

Abstract

Background:

Type 2 diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cardiac autonomic dysfunction, which is an independent predictor of mortality in chronic diseases. However, whether the coexistence of systemic arterial hypertension (HTN) with DMT2 alters cardiac autonomic modulation remains unknown.

Objective:

To evaluate the influence of HTN on cardiac autonomic modulation and cardiorespiratory fitness in subjects with DMT2.

Methods:

60 patients of both genders were evaluated and allocated to two groups: DMT2 patients (n = 32; 51 ± 7.5 years old) and DMT2 + HTN patients (n = 28; 51 ± 6.9 years old). RR intervals were obtained during rest in supine position. Linear and nonlinear indices of heart rate variability (HRV) were computed using Kubios HRV software. Pulmonary gas exchange was measured breath-by-breath, using a portable telemetric system during maximal incremental exercise testing on a cycle ergometer. Statistical analysis included Shapiro-Wilk test followed by Student’s t Test, Pearson correlation and linear regression.

Results:

We found that patients in the DMT2+HTN group showed lower values of mean RR intervals (801.1 vs 871.5 ms), Shannon entropy (3 vs 3.2) and fractal dimension SD 1 (9.5 vs 14.5), when contrasted with patients in the DMT2 group. Negative correlations were found between some HRV nonlinear indices and exercise capacity indices.

Conclusion:

HTN negatively affects the cardiac autonomic function in diabetic patients, who are already prone to develop autonomic dysfunction. Strategies are need to improve cardiac autonomic functionality in this population.

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Previous Chronic Diseases and their Relationship with COVID-19 Infection

Body Mass Index May Influence Heart Rate Variability

Effects of Coexistence Hypertension and Type II Diabetes on Heart Rate Variability and Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Abstract

Background:

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

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