Longevity – ABC CARDIOL

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Editorial

Ethnic Disparities in the Longevity of Brazilian Olympic Medalists

Filipe Ferrari et al. Arthur Proença Rossi

Physical inactivity is a well-documented contributor to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and certain cancers, accounting for approximately 30% of cardiovascular disease, 27% of diabetes, and 21–25% of breast and colon cancer. The impact and costs associated with public health are substantial, amounting to a total direct health cost due to physical inactivity related to the main non-communicable diseases, which reached INT$ 53.8 billion in 2013.

In terms of longevity, engaging in physical activity has been linked to a reduction in major mortality risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer. Studies indicate a clear dose-response relationship between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and all-cause mortality, with risk reduction per unit of time being greater for more vigorous activity. Physically active individuals experience up to a 35% decrease in all-cause mortality compared to their inactive counterparts, increasing life expectancy by up to 7 years.

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Original Article

The Relationship between Lifestyle and Costs Related to Medicine Use in Adults

Romulo Araujo Fernandes et al. Alessandra Madia Mantovani Jamile Sanches Codogno Bruna Camilo Turi-Lynch … Subhash Pokhrel Nana Anokye

Abstract

Background:

The unhealthy lifestyle is growing and this can have repercussions on health status demanding actions on the occurrence of diseases and leads to increased expenses.

Objective:

To examine the interrelationship between the costs of medicine use and lifestyle behaviors.

Methods:

A cohort study with 118 participants, age around 51.7 ± 7.1 years old. It was collected personal and anthropometric data and information about medicine of continuous use to calculate the costs. Lifestyle variables included habitual physical activity (PA) assessed by pedometer, sedentary behavior by Baecke questionnaire, sleep quality by mini sleep questionnaire and self-report of smoke and alcohol consumption. Statistical analyses were performed by BioEstat (version 5.2) and the significance level set at p-value < 0.05.

Results:

In 12 months, 62 subjects bought 172 medicines, representing an overall cost of US$ 3,087.01. Expenditures with drugs were negatively related to PA (r = -0.194, p-value = 0.035 and r = -0.281, p-value = 0.002), but positively related with sleep quality (r = 0.299, p-value=0.001 and r = 0.315, p-value = 0.001) and age (r = 0.274, p-value = 0.003). Four multivariate models were executed considering lifestyle behaviors in different moments of cohort and medicine costs, and all these models identify important relationship between lifestyle behaviors with expenditures with drugs.

Conclusion:

Worse sleep quality seems to increase the costs related to medicine use in adults, while obesity and ageing play a relevant role in this phenomenon and alcohol consumption seems a variable with relevant economic impact.

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Viewpoint

Aerobic Exercise and The Heart: Discussing Doses

Claudio Gil Soares de Araújo et al. Claudia Lucia Barros de Castro João Felipe Franca Christina Grüne de Souza e Silva

Preliminary considerations

Free animals have been and will always be active, with confinement or sedentary styles considered unnatural. Humankind, as it is known today, was able to set off from central regions and, through its own means of locomotion (exercise) spread across far areas of the planet. Seeking food and water, running from predators, from childhood to old age, have always been linked to exercise. Indeed, a sedentary lifestyle is very recent in the history of humankind.

Before approaching the theme of exercise and the heart, it is important to conceptualize some terms ().^, Among several terms, it is worth highlighting the difference between physical activity and exercise. While both involve movement and/or muscle contraction with energy expenditure, in exercise there is movement intention (physical activity) in a structured and repetitive manner, with the objective of maintenance or optimization of physical conditioning and/or health and/or body aesthetics.

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Ethnic Disparities in the Longevity of Brazilian Olympic Medalists

The Relationship between Lifestyle and Costs Related to Medicine Use in Adults

Abstract

Background:

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Aerobic Exercise and The Heart: Discussing Doses

Preliminary considerations

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