Ethnic Groups – ABC CARDIOL

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Editorial

Ethnic Disparities in the Longevity of Brazilian Olympic Medalists

Filipe Ferrari et al. Arthur Proença Rossi

Physical inactivity is a well-documented contributor to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and certain cancers, accounting for approximately 30% of cardiovascular disease, 27% of diabetes, and 21–25% of breast and colon cancer. The impact and costs associated with public health are substantial, amounting to a total direct health cost due to physical inactivity related to the main non-communicable diseases, which reached INT$ 53.8 billion in 2013.

In terms of longevity, engaging in physical activity has been linked to a reduction in major mortality risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer. Studies indicate a clear dose-response relationship between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and all-cause mortality, with risk reduction per unit of time being greater for more vigorous activity. Physically active individuals experience up to a 35% decrease in all-cause mortality compared to their inactive counterparts, increasing life expectancy by up to 7 years.

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ABC

Editorial

Influence of Racial Composition on Blood Pressure Control in the Brazilian Population: The Need for New Perspectives Beyond Drug Treatment

Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso et al. Sandro Rodrigues Batista Priscila Valverde de Oliveira Vitorino Ana Luiza Lima Sousa

In the context of cardiovascular health, some racial characteristics have been frequently associated with worse blood pressure (BP) control. For example, Black adults have more severe resistant hypertension as compared with other ethnic groups.^– A lot of this evidence has been gathered from populations where there had been little racial mixing and, for this reason, understanding the impact of specific racial characteristics of the Brazilian population on the occurrence, diagnosis, and control of hypertension is imperative.^,

The study by Sousa et al. provides a new perspective on the influence of race on the treatment and control of BP in Brazilian adults. Using a robust database of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), the authors evaluated the association of self-reported race/skin color with BP control in individuals under different monotherapy antihypertensive regimens. This publication complements previous studies of the group on the influence of ethnicity on several aspects of hypertensive disease.^,

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IJCS

Editorial

What is the best Cardiovascular Risk Score for the Brazilian Population?

Bruno Ferraz de Oliveira Gomes et al. Gláucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira

Although the cardiovascular disease mortality rates in Brazil still reach high numbers, they have decreased significantly in recent years. In the early 1990s, the country presented approximately 350 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants per year, and the most recently published rates were reduced to just over 200 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants. Mortality rates due to coronary artery disease are higher in men: between 1990 and 2017, the annual mortality rate due to coronary artery disease was approximately 100 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) went from more than 6000 years per 100 000 inhabitants in the 1990s to just over 4000 years per 100 000 inhabitants in the past decade.

Strategies for measuring cardiovascular risk have changed clinical practice by promoting effective preventive measures that reduce the occurrence of major cardiovascular events and improve quality of life. Among them, the most commonly used are simple clinical criteria, clinical prediction scores, imaging examinations, and biomarkers. The clinical application of a cardiovascular risk score should be assessed for its ability to affect the therapeutic management and prognosis of individuals. A risk prediction model must be evaluated in several subsequent phases, such as the initial concept, its prospective validation in independent populations, the incremental information provided in relation to the currently available models, the confirmation of its effects in modifying the clinical conduct and prognosis of patients, and its cost-effectiveness.

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Ethnic Disparities in the Longevity of Brazilian Olympic Medalists

Influence of Racial Composition on Blood Pressure Control in the Brazilian Population: The Need for New Perspectives Beyond Drug Treatment

What is the best Cardiovascular Risk Score for the Brazilian Population?

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Electronic Document Format (ISO)

Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

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