Ethnic Disparities in the Longevity of Brazilian Olympic Medalists

Physical inactivity is a well-documented contributor to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and certain cancers, accounting for approximately 30% of cardiovascular disease, 27% of diabetes, and 21–25% of breast and colon cancer. The impact and costs associated with public health are substantial, amounting to a total direct health cost due to physical inactivity related to the main non-communicable diseases, which reached INT$ 53.8 billion in 2013.

In terms of longevity, engaging in physical activity has been linked to a reduction in major mortality risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer. Studies indicate a clear dose-response relationship between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and all-cause mortality, with risk reduction per unit of time being greater for more vigorous activity. Physically active individuals experience up to a 35% decrease in all-cause mortality compared to their inactive counterparts, increasing life expectancy by up to 7 years.

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