Immunity – ABC CARDIOL

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Editorial

In Search of the Perfect Marker

Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for most contemporary morbidity and mortality. In Brazil, data show growth in indicators with a great socioeconomic impact.

Risk factors such as altered lipids, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, dietary errors, psychosocial factors, and physical inactivity are responsible for most of the risk of myocardial infarction worldwide in both sexes and at all ages in all regions, as was well demonstrated in the INTERHEART Study.

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Original Article

Decreased Serum Levels of Soluble Oncostatin M Receptor (sOSMR) and Glycoprotein 130 (sgp130) in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Vanessa Mylenna Florêncio de Carvalho et al. Priscilla Stela Santana de Oliveira Amanda Pinheiro Barros de Albuquerque Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo Rêgo … Michelle Melgarejo da Rosa Dinaldo Cavalcanti de Oliveira Michelly Cristiny Pereira Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta

Abstract

Background

Oncostatin M (OSM) is a pleiotropic cytokine which, after arterial injury, has proven to be to be rapidly expressed.

Objectives

To correlate the serum levels of OSM, soluble OSM receptor (sOSMR), and soluble fraction of glycoprotein 130 (sgp130) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with clinical parameters.

Methods

Levels of sOSMR and sgp130 were evaluated by ELISA and OSM by Western Blot, in patients with CCS (n=100), patients with ACS (n=70), and 64 control volunteers without clinical manifestations of the disease. P-values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.

Results

CAD patients exhibited significantly lower levels of sOSMR and sgp130 and higher levels of OSM when compared to the controls (both p < 0.0001). Clinical analysis displayed, lower levels of sOSMR in men ([OR] = 2.05, p = 0.026), youth (OR = 1.68, p = 0.0272), hypertensives (OR = 2.19, p = 0.041), smokers (OR = 2.19, p = 0.017), patients that did not present dyslipidemia (OR = 2.32, p = 0.013), patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction [AMI] (OR = 3.01, p = 0.001) and patients not treated with statin (OR = 1.95, p = 0.031), antiplatelet agent (OR = 2.46, p = 0.005), inhibitors of calcium channels (OR = 3.15, p = 0.028), and antidiabetic drugs (OR = 2.97, p = 0.005). The levels of sOSMR were also correlated with gender, age, hypertension, and use of medications in multivariate analysis.

Conclusions

Our data suggest that the enhanced serum levels of OSM, and decreased levels of sOSMR and sGP130 in patients with cardiac injury may play an important role in the pathophysiological mechanism of the disease. Furthermore, lower levels of sOSMR were associated with gender, age, hypertension, and the use of medications.

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Research Letter

The Role of the Endothelium in Severe COVID-19

Simone Cristina Soares Brandão et al. Emmanuelle Tenório Albuquerque Madruga Godoi Júlia de Oliveira Xavier Ramos Leila Maria Magalhães Pessoa de Melo … Luca Terracini Dompieri Djair Falcão Brindeiro Filho Emanuel Sávio Cavalcanti Sarinho

Introduction

Studies have unveiled a significant link between the severity of COVID-19 ( CO rona VI rus D isease 2019) and immune markers. It is well-known that the endothelium participates actively in the immune response and interacts closely with the coagulation system. Chronic inflammatory processes of the endothelium are involved in the physiopathology of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and metabolic diseases. These diseases can negatively impact the evolution of COVID-19 and an exacerbated immune response of the endothelium seems to be a determining factor of this effect.

Coronavirus 2 of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) causes infection by means of the link of the S protein to the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE 2) on the surface of human cells. In this sense, a reduction in the availability of this enzyme can be observed, which is widely expressed in a number of bodily tissues, most notably, the lungs, heart, and endothelium, with a disorder in the modulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Consequently, what can be seen is a favoring of the greater concentration of angiotensin 2 with a series of deleterious actions against our organism. Conditions associated with the chronic dysfunction of the endothelium, such as age, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), CVD, diabetes, and obesity are the most common in patients with severe COVID-19 ( ).^,

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In Search of the Perfect Marker

Decreased Serum Levels of Soluble Oncostatin M Receptor (sOSMR) and Glycoprotein 130 (sgp130) in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract

Background

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

The Role of the Endothelium in Severe COVID-19

Introduction

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