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Editorial

The Nature of Cardiac Remodeling Due to Physical Exercise: More Evidence Towards to the Normal Adaptive Responses of the Heart

Lucas Helal et al. Anderson Donelli da Silveira

Cardiac remodeling due to exercise training overload (the so-called “athlete’s heart”) has been widely investigated since the 70’s and is still acknowledged by the scientific community. To differentiate normal adaptive responses (“benign”) from abnormal ones remains a challenge. Here we address some important issues related to the discussion on cardiac remodeling in exercise, recently revisited by Vidaletti-Silva and colleagues in this issue.

In terms of morphological adaptations, the left atrial and ventricular hypertrophy call attention due to their potential association with the onset of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias and also of ventricular arrhythmias, which may result in undesirable events.

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Case Report

Anabolic Drugs and Myocardial Infarction – A Clinical Case Report

Rui Pontes Santos et al. Adriana Pereira Henrique Guedes Carolina Lourenço … João Azevedo Paula Pinto

Introduction

In most cases of myocardial infarction (MI) in young people, traditional cardiovascular risk factors continue to be of utmost importance; but at this age, other causes should also be considered, such as drug abuse.

Anabolic steroids are synthetic derivatives of testosterone and are often illegally used by athletes to increase their physical performance. There is a correlation between the use of these drugs and increased cardiovascular risk. Human growth hormone (hGH) has also been used to increase physical performance, despite the risk of cardiovascular complications. Clenbuterol is a potent β2-agonist that also has anabolic effects. However, at present, little is known about its potential cardiovascular risk.

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The Nature of Cardiac Remodeling Due to Physical Exercise: More Evidence Towards to the Normal Adaptive Responses of the Heart

Anabolic Drugs and Myocardial Infarction – A Clinical Case Report

Introduction

Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

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Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)