Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use

ABC

Editorial

Are There Alternative Ways to Estimate Atherosclerotic Inflammatory Activity in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome?

The theme of inflammation in the atherosclerotic process has been the subject of numerous researches for years. Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease since the accumulation of leukocytes in the subendothelium is one of the first processes in plaque formation. Subsequently, other inflammatory cells (monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, lymphocytes and mast cells) participate continuously from forming the “fatty groove” until the occurrence of the acute coronary event.^–

The orchestrated action of all the pro-inflammatory signals in the plaque increases inflammation and directly affects the structural elements that support its mechanical stability. Various pro-inflammatory messengers are released by immune and vascular endothelial cells, activating cytokines, chemokines, bioactive lipid compounds and adhesion molecules that maintain and accelerate inflammation and the local development of atherosclerotic lesions.^,

[…]

Read Full Article

IJCS

Original Article

Radioprotective Effect of Nigella Sativa Oil on Heart Tissues of Rats Exposed to Irradition

Mehmet Kaplan et al. Elif Demir Fethi Yavuz Gizem Ilgin Kaplan … Mehmet Resit Taysi Seyithan Taysi Mehmet Murat Sucu

Abstract

Background

Various studies are ongoing related to the radioprotective agents. Herbal preparations are currently becoming popular because of their beneficial effects with fewer side effects compared to the synthetic/semi-synthetic medicines, and Nigella sativa oil (NSO) is only one of them.

Objective

To investigate NSO for its antioxidant effects on the heart tissue of rats exposed to ionizing radiation (IR).

Methods

Thirty six male albino Wistar rats, divided into four groups, were designated to group I (IR plus NSO group) that received both 5 Gray of gamma IR to total cranium and NSO; group II (IR alone group) that received IR plus saline, group III (control group of NSO) that received saline and did not receive NSO or IR; group IV (control group) that received only sham IR. Alterations in Total antioxidant status (TAS) and Total oxidant status (TOS), Oxidative stres index (OSI), Sulhydryl group (SH), Lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), Paraoxonase (PON) levels, Arylesterase (ARE) and Ceruloplasmin (CER) activities in homogenized heart tissue of rats were measured by biochemical methods.

Results

In heart tissue of the rats in the IR alone group (group II) LOOH, TOS and OSI levels were found to be higher, ARE activity and TAS level were found to be lower than all of the other groups (p < 0.01). These results also support that IR increases oxidative stress and NSO's protective effect.

Conclusion

NSO would reduce the oxidative damage in the irradiated heart tissue in the experimental rat model.

Read Full Article

IJCS

Review Article

Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease: From Basic Concepts to Clinical Application

David D. Waters

Abstract

Although low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is central to the development and progression of atherosclerosis, the role of inflammation in the atherosclerotic process is becoming better understood and appreciated. Chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, HIV infection, and inflammatory bowel disease have all been shown to be associated with an increased blood levels of inflammatory biomarkers and increased risk of cardiovascular events. Evidence from observational studies suggests that anti-inflammatory therapy decreases this risk in these conditions. Clinical trials of anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with coronary disease have yielded mixed results. Drugs that have failed in recent trials include the P38 MAP kinase inhibitor losmapimod, the phospholipase A2 inhibitors darapladib and varespladib, and methotrexate. Canakinumab, an interleukin-1β inhibitor, reduced cardiovascular events in patients with coronary disease in the Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study (CANTOS). Canakinumab increased the rate of fatal infections in CANTOS and is very expensive; it is thus unlikely to be widely used for risk reduction in cardiology. On the other hand, colchicine is a safe and inexpensive anti-inflammatory drug. In the Colchicine Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (COLCOT), where patients within 30 days of a myocardial infarction were randomized to low-dose colchicine or placebo and followed for a median of almost 2 years, colchicine treatment was associated with a 23% reduction (p=0.02) in cardiovascular events. Newer studies with anti-inflammatory drugs have the potential to improve outcomes of patients with atherosclerosis, just as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-lowering drugs have done over the past two decades.

Read Full Article

Are There Alternative Ways to Estimate Atherosclerotic Inflammatory Activity in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Radioprotective Effect of Nigella Sativa Oil on Heart Tissues of Rats Exposed to Irradition

Abstract

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease: From Basic Concepts to Clinical Application

Abstract

Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)

Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)

Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)