Anthracyclines / toxicity

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Editorial

Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition and Beta Blockade Adrenergic May Be Useful to Attenuate Cardiotoxicity by Anthracyclines

Cardiotoxicity related to the use of anthracyclines is a major concern in oncology, as it can increase the morbidity of many patients receiving chemotherapy for various types of cancer. This toxicity can lead to left ventricular systolic dysfunction and, therefore, a higher incidence of heart failure, which can result in mortality in severe cases. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved and a better definition of diagnostic methods have provided significant advances in detecting this complication. However, there is still no consensus on the most accurate biomarkers for early identification of cardiotoxicity. Despite this, troponin measurement after each chemotherapy cycle can be a valid tool to indicate immediate intervention.^,

Manifestations of cardiotoxicity may remain restricted to myocardial cell damage detectable only by measuring circulating biomarkers or vary between silent ventricular dysfunction and clinically manifest heart failure. Strategies to avoid or at least attenuate anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity are essential to improve the prognosis of patients using this class. The current recommendations include treating pre-existing cardiovascular risk factors,^– choosing less cardiotoxic analogues, and administering low cumulative doses of anthracyclines.^,

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Editorial

What is the Role of Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in the Diagnosis and Management of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity?

Isabela Bispo Santos da Silva Costa et al. Ludhmila Abrahão Hajjar

The increasing number of patients with neoplasms and survivors^, has raised the interest of the scientific community in the diagnosis and early management of the effects of neoplasms and/or their treatments on patients. In that scenario, the injury caused to the cardiovascular system belongs to a spectrum and can impair all cardiovascular system structures in a clinically variable way, ranging from asymptomatic forms to cardiovascular death. Most studies on cardiotoxicity have focused on ventricular dysfunction because of its presentation severity and because it is the major cause of late non-oncologic mortality of neoplasm survivors.

In oncologic patients, the drugs most commonly related to ventricular dysfunction are anthracyclines. Recent studies have reported that the damage related to those drugs, if not identified and treated early, evolves continuously from cell injury to ventricular dysfunction. In the past decade, several studies showed that the subclinical detection of cardiotoxicity, by use of biomarkers, such as troponin and BNP, might be an opportunity to prevent cardiovascular injury, allowing for early treatment and more appropriate individualized follow-up.^–

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Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition and Beta Blockade Adrenergic May Be Useful to Attenuate Cardiotoxicity by Anthracyclines

What is the Role of Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in the Diagnosis and Management of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity?

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Electronic Document Format (ISO)