Embolization, Therapeutic

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Editorial

Angiographic Scores in Prediction of No-Reflow, Myocardial Injury May not end with Reperfusion

Adriano Ossuna Tamazato et al. Thais Chang Valente Tamazato Cristiano Guedes Bezerra

The ST segment elevation infarction (STEMI) is usually precipitated by the rupture or erosion of an atherosclerotic plaque and the consequent formation of an occlusive thrombus. Early percutaneous coronary intervention is the treatment of choice for providing a more complete revascularization and less bleeding complications when compared to fibrinolysis.^,

In the last decades, we observed a substantial development in the pharmacological and invasive treatments of STEMI, which significantly reduced early mortality. Several variables affect clinical outcomes, including patient age, time to reperfusion, angiographic complexity and the occurrence or not of the no-reflow (NR) phenomenon during percutaneous intervention.^, NR is defined by inadequate myocardial perfusion in a given territory, in the absence of mechanical obstruction of the epicardial coronary and is associated with a worse clinical prognosis.^,

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Original Article

Gensini Score and Thrombus Burden Add Predictive Value to the SYNTAX Score in Detecting No-Reflow after Myocardial Infarction

Luís Carlos V Matos et al. Luiz Sergio Carvalho Rodrigo Modolo Simone Santos … José Carlos Quinaglia e Silva Osório Luis Rangel de Almeida Andrei C. Sposito

Abstract

Background

No-reflow after percutaneous coronary intervention is associated with poor prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). SYNTAX score is a good predictor of no-reflow.

Objective

We aimed to evaluate whether atherosclerotic burden (Gensini score) and thrombus burden in the culprit coronary artery would improve the ability of the SYNTAX score to detect no-reflow.

Methods

In this prospective cohort study, consecutive patients with STEMI who presented within 12 h of onset of symptoms were selected for this study. No-reflow was defined as TIMI flow < 3 o r TIMI flow = 3 but myocardial blush grade <2. Thrombus burden was quantified according to the TIMI thrombus grade scale (0 to 5).

Results

A total of 481 patients were included (mean age 61±11 years). No-reflow occurred in 32.8%. SYNTAX score (OR=1.05, 95%CI 1.01–1.08, p<0.01), thrombus burden (OR=1.17, 95%CI 1.06–1.31, p<0.01), and Gensini score (OR=1.37, 95%CI 1.13–1.65, p0) (0.54 [0.035–0.73], p<0.001) showed improvement in the predictive ability of no-reflow in the combined model, with integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) of 0.07 (0.04–0.09, p<0.001).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that, in patients with STEMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, atherosclerotic burden and thrombus burden in the culprit artery add predictive value to the SYNTAX score in detecting the no-reflow phenomenon. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)

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Case Report

A Rare Cause of Angina After Coronary Bypass Grafting; Left İnternal Mammary Artery to Pulmonary Artery Fistula and Successful Treatment with Transcatheter Coil Embolization

Ali Nazmi Calik et al. Can Yücel Karabay Evliya Akdeniz Yiğit Çanga … Baris Gungor Omer Kozan

Abstract

Fistula from left internal mammary artery (LIMA) to pulmonary artery (PA) is rarely encountered in daily practice. In recent years, endovascular therapy options have emerged for the treatment of fistula formations and replaced with surgery.

A 53-year-old man admitted to our outpatient clinic with symptoms of typical angina and shortness of breath despite optimal medical therapy. In his relevant history, he had a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operation in 2009 in which his LIMA was anastomosed to left anterior descending (LAD) and ramus artery sequentially. Coronary angiography including selective imaging of LIMA demonstrated a fistula formation originating from the proximal portion of the LIMA and draining to PA. After successful closure of fistula with transcatheter coil embolization, the patient was discharged without any complication and symptom.

In conclusion, although LIMA to PA fistula is an infrequent clinical condition, it should be considered as a potential cause of persistent angina after CABG operation. Treatment options include conservative medical therapy, surgical ligation and endovascular interventions. The best therapy should be individualised for each patient in respect to patient’s symptoms, surgical compatibility and anatomy of fistula.

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IJCS

Case Report

Coronary Angioplasty with Stent in Woman with Active Vaginal Bleeding

Felipe José de Andrade Falcão et al. Fabiano Lima Cantarelli Aline Hofmann Baião Marco Rivera … Verônica Monteiro Flavio Roberto Azevedo de Oliveira

Abstract

Uterine leiomyoma and coronary artery disease are two common diseases in women. However, the association of uterine bleeding caused by leiomyoma with unstable coronary syndrome is not frequent. Here we describe a case of a patient with active vaginal bleeding and unstable angina who underwent a unique approach by performing percutaneous procedures. The report demonstrates that new interventional options can be used to control active bleeding in patients in need of coronary angioplasty.

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Angiographic Scores in Prediction of No-Reflow, Myocardial Injury May not end with Reperfusion

Gensini Score and Thrombus Burden Add Predictive Value to the SYNTAX Score in Detecting No-Reflow after Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

A Rare Cause of Angina After Coronary Bypass Grafting; Left İnternal Mammary Artery to Pulmonary Artery Fistula and Successful Treatment with Transcatheter Coil Embolization

Abstract

Coronary Angioplasty with Stent in Woman with Active Vaginal Bleeding

Abstract

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