Diagnosis, Differential

ABCIC

Case Report

Uhl's Anomaly: Case Report and Differential Diagnosis in an Adult

Isaura Elaine Goncalves Moreira Rocha et al. Paulo Henrique Benevides Siqueira Beatriz Gonçalves Rocha Bruno Farias Oliveira … George Elias Luna Martins Simone Cristina Soares Brandão

Introduction

Uhl’s anomaly (UA) is a disorder exclusive to the right ventricle (RV) characterized by the absence of total or partial myocardium, in such a way that the ventricular wall is comprised of the overlapping of the endocardium and the epicardium, with no fatty tissue, or inflammatory or infiltrative process. The muscles of the atria, the interventricular septum and the left ventricle (LV) are not involved in the process.^,

The clinical manifestations are due to right ventricular failure (RVF). Forms with partial involvement may be mildly symptomatic and remain undiagnosed for long periods, and may be confused with other more frequent pathologies that affect the right heart in adult life.^,

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ABCIC

Case Report

Importance of Echocardiography in the Differential Diagnosis of Rheumatic Mitral Regurgitation in Children and Adolescents

Camila Magalhães Silva et al. Maik Arantes Fátima Derlene da Rocha Araújo Adriana Furletti Machado Guimarães Zilda Maria Alves Meira

Introduction

Mitral regurgitation (MR) can be a result of abnormalities in different locations of the valve apparatus (cusps, annulus, tendinous cords and papillary muscles), being of acquired or congenital etiology. MR can be classified as primary, when resulting from a deformity in the valve structure, or secondary, when related to another heart or systemic disease. In our field, the main cause of MR in students and adolescents is the acquired one. Rheumatic fever (RF) is among the causes, as well as bacterial endocarditis, which should be considered in the differential diagnosis.^, However, congenital anomalies, such as mitral valve (MV) prolapse, mitral cleft (MC), parachute MV and, rarely, isolated cleft MV (ICMV) should be ruled out.^, The etiological diagnosis of MR is very important to determine the proper treatment, once it can be clinical or surgical, with definitive correction of the lesion.

We present the report of a student whose clinical and echocardiographic scenario was first diagnosed as acute RF, showing the importance of echocardiography in the posterior differential diagnosis of MR.

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ABC

Viewpoint

Lung Ultrasound: The Cardiologists' New Friend

Marcelo Haertel Miglioranza et al. Antonio Carlos Sobral Sousa Caroline de Souza Costa Araujo Marcos Antonio Almeida-Santos Luna Gargani

The role of pulmonary congestion in heart failure and the limits of the traditional clinical examination

Pulmonary congestion, such as low cardiac output, is a preponderant element in patients with heart failure (HF), which is considered an important cause of hospital admissions and death.^, Thus, the identification of pulmonary extravascular fluid in patients with HF can be used as an aid in strategies to optimize clinical therapy.

Traditionally, assessment of pulmonary congestion has been based on the patient’s clinical status and physical examination. However, this evaluation presents limitations even for skilled professionals, showing high specificity, but low sensitivity for the detection of pulmonary congestion.^, Thus, cases of decompensation are often recognized at a very late stage of clinical congestion, so frequent hospitalizations are not avoided. In the cascade of congestion, the clinical manifestation represents a final stage, different from hemodynamic congestion (increase in left ventricular filling pressure), which is pulmonary and systemic. Pulmonary congestion corresponds specifically to the presence of extravascular pulmonary fluid, which can be evaluated by lung ultrasound.

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Uhl's Anomaly: Case Report and Differential Diagnosis in an Adult

Introduction

Importance of Echocardiography in the Differential Diagnosis of Rheumatic Mitral Regurgitation in Children and Adolescents

Introduction

Lung Ultrasound: The Cardiologists' New Friend

The role of pulmonary congestion in heart failure and the limits of the traditional clinical examination

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Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)

Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)