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Atualização da diretriz brasileira de insuficiência cardíaca crônica - 2012
ABC
Artigo de Pesquisa

Atualização da diretriz brasileira de insuficiência cardíaca crônica – 2012

EA Bocchi et al. FG Marcondes-Braga F Bacal AS Ferraz … D Albuquerque D Rodrigues

Esta atualização da Diretriz de Insuficiência Cardíaca Crônica (IC) – 2012 surge para reavaliar as recomendações através de uma avaliação criteriosa das pesquisas (considerando-se a qualidade dos estudos), fundamental para que se atinja esse propósito. Para tanto, foi dada ênfase ao efeito em desfechos de morte, à qualidade “CONSORT” (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials), à descrição qualitativa e quantitativa da otimização da medicação, à população realmente incluída, às metanálises somente de estudos qualidade “CONSORT”, à custo-efetividade, à existência de efeito de classe, ao número de pacientes incluídos e à análise de subgrupos apenas para gerar hipóteses. Na área da epidemiologia, as recentes abordagens das características da IC com fração de ejeção preservada (ICFEP) e da importância da IC como causa de morte no Brasil foram revisadas. Além disso, este documento contempla a reavaliação do valor dos biomarcadores no diagnóstico e no seguimento da IC, o papel diagnóstico da angiotomografia coronariana nos casos de risco intermediário ou baixo risco de doença coronariana, a não recomendação de rotina do telemonitoramento; o surgimento da avaliação familiar como recomendação importante, e a reavaliação da restrição da adição de sal na dieta. As clínicas de IC e reabilitação física, apesar de alguns resultados negativos ou controversos quanto à mortalidade, continuam com recomendação importante. No campo do tratamento farmacológico, abrange-se a reavaliação da indicação do nebivolol, introduz-se a ivabradina como um novo paradigma no tratamento, os antagonistas da aldosterona não têm efeito de classe reconhecido, o ômega 3 passa a ser recomendado, o ferro administrado por via endovenosa e o sildenafil recebem indicação em casos selecionados. Todas as recomendações para outras etiologias são expandidas para a Doença de Chagas. Na área da anticoagulação, recomenda-se a utilização dos escores CHA2DS2VASC e o HAS-BLED na fibrilação atrial, com introdução de inibidores da trombina e do fator Xa como alternativas na anticoagulação. No tratamento cirúrgico da IC, considerou-se que resultados neutros do estudo STICH influenciaram as recomendações, o transplante cardíaco continua a ser o tratamento indicado nas fases evolutivas tardias de IC, os dispositivos de assistência circulatória mecânica para terapia de destino passam a ter recomendação, a duração do QRS foi fundamental na indicação de TRV-AV, e o CDI continua com recomendação I para miocardiopatia isquêmica. Entretanto, baseada em análise crítica dos estudos considerando-se o custo-efetividade, o CDI não atingiu recomendação I para classes menos graves devido as limitações dos estudos. Também a importância da cardiotoxicidade por drogas para tratamento de neoplasias foi ressaltada, o tratamento da IC na gravidez e da miocardite foi revisado. Novos potenciais métodos de tratamento em fase de pesquisa são apresentados e novos fluxogramas de diagnóstico e tratamento da IC, reformulados, foram incluídos

  • CDI
  • Cirurgia
  • Diagnosis
  • diagnóstico
  • Diretrizes
  • Guidelines
  • Heart Failure
  • Insuficiência Cardíaca
  • Medical treatment
  • Prognosis
  • Prognóstico
  • Review
  • Revisão
  • Surgery
  • Surgical Treatment
  • Tratamento
  • tratamento cirúrgico
  • Tratamento Médico
  • treatment
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04/09/2012 DOI: 10.1590/S0066-782X2012000700001 Visualizações 4
ABC
Original Article

Pharmacological Therapy for Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly: An 8-year Analysis

Márcia Regina Pinho Makdisse et al. Andrea de M. Matsushita Iran Gonçalves Júnior Odete Miranda … Ana Cristina Gomes Monica M. Cartocci Silvia Covre Antonio Carlos de Camargo Carvalho

OBJECTIVE:To assess the changes in the medicamentous treatment of elderly patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction occurring over an 8-year period. METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed 379 patients above the age of 65 years with acute myocardial infarction who were admitted to the coronary unit of a university-affiliated hospital from 1990 to 1997. The patients were divided into 2 groups, according to the period of time of hospital admission as follows: group 1 – from 1990 to 1993; and group 2 – from 1994 to 1997. RESULTS:The use of beta-blockers (40.8%chi 75.2%, p<0.0001) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (42% chi59.5%, p=0.001) was significantly greater in group 2, while the use of calcium antagonists (42% chi 18.5%, p<0.0001) and general antiarrhythmic drugs (19.1% chi 10.8%, p=0.03) was significantly lower. No significant difference was observed in regard to the use of acetylsalicylic acid, thrombolytic agents, nitrate, and digitalis in the period studied. The length of hospitalization was shorter in group 2 (13.4±8.9 days chi 10.5±7.5 days, p<0.001). The in-hospital mortality was 35.7% in group 1 and 26.6% in group 2 (p=0.07). CONCLUSION: Significant changes were observed in the treatment of elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction, with a greater use of beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and a lower use of calcium antagonists and antiarrhythmic drugs in group 2. The length of hospitalization and the mortality rate were also lower in group 2, even though the reduction in mortality was not statistically significant.

  • Elderly
  • Myocardial Infarction
  • treatment
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31/01/2007 DOI: 10.1590/S0066-782X2002000400003 Visualizações 7
ABC
Original Article

Clinical Profile, Predictors of Mortality, and Treatment of Patients after Myocardial Infarction, in an Academic Medical Center Hospital

Leonardo A. M. Zornoff et al. Sérgio A. R. Paiva Vanessa M. Assalin Patrícia M. S. Pola … Luís E. Becker Marina P. Okoshi Luiz S. Matsubara Roberto M. T. Inoue Joel Spadaro

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical profiles, predictors of 30-day mortality, and the adherence to international recommendations for the treatment of myocardial infarction in an academic medical center hospital. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 172 patients with acute myocardial infarction, admitted in the intensive care unit from January 1992 to December 1997. RESULTS: Most patients were male (68%), white (97%), and over 60 years old (59%). The main risk factor for coronary atherosclerotic disease was systemic blood hypertension (63%). Among all the variables studied, reperfusion therapy, smoking, hypertension, cardiogenic shock, and age were the predictors of 30-day mortality. Most commonly used medications were: acetylsalicylic acid (71%), nitrates (61%), diuretics (51%), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (46%), thrombolytic therapy (39%), and beta-blockers (35%). CONCLUSION: The absence of reperfusion therapy, smoking status, hypertension, cardiogenic shock, and advanced age are predictors of 30-day mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction. In addition, some medications that are undoubtedly beneficial have been under-used after acute myocardial infarction.

  • Mortality
  • Myocardial Infarction
  • treatment
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31/01/2007 DOI: 10.1590/S0066-782X2002000400007 Visualizações 2
ABC
Original Article

The influence of patient's consciousness regarding high blood pressure and patient's attitude in face of disease controlling medicine intake

Maria Aparecida A Moura Strelec et al. Angela M. G. Pierin Décio Mion Jr.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relation between blood pressure control and the following: the Morisky-Green test, the patient’s consciousness regarding high blood pressure, the patient’s attitude in face of medicine intake, the patient’s attendance at medical consultations, and the subjective physician’s judgment. METHODS: We studied 130 hypertensive patients with the following characteristics: 73% females, 60±11 years, 58% married, 70% white, 45% retired, 45% with incomplete elementary schooling, 64% had a familial income of 1 to 3 minimum wages, body mass index of 30±7 kg/m², consciousness regarding the disease for a mean period of 11±9.5 years, and mean treatment duration of 8 ±7 years. RESULTS: Only 35% of the hypertensive individuals had blood pressure under control and a longer duration of treatment (10±7 vs 7±6.5 years; P<0.05). The retiree predominated. The result of the Morisky-Green test did not relate to blood pressure control. In evaluating the attitude in face of medicine intake, the controlled patients achieved significantly higher scores than did the noncontrolled patients (8±1.9 vs 7 ±2, P<0.05). The hypertensive patients had higher levels of consciousness regarding their disease and its treatment, and most (70%) patients attended 3 or 4 medical consultations, which did not influence blood pressure control. The physicians attributed significantly higher scores regarding adherence to treatment to controlled patients (6±0.8 vs 5±1.2; P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Consciousness regarding the disease, the Morisky-Green test, and attendance to medical consultations did not influence blood pressure control.

  • adherence
  • control
  • Hypertension
  • treatment
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05/11/2003 DOI: 10.1590/S0066-782X2003001200002 Visualizações 8
ABC
Original Article

Hypertensive diabetic patients: guidelines for conduct and their difficulties

Weimar K. S. Barroso et al. Paulo César B. V. Jardim Thiago S. V. Jardim Cláudio T. S. Souza … Alessandro L. A. Magalhães Fuad M. Ibrahim Priscila V. O. Couto Andrea Silveira Estelamaris T. Monego

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of blood pressure (BP) control and other cardiovascular risk factors in patients with diabetes mellitus in a referral service for the treatment of hypertension. METHODS: A retrospective study where diabetic patients (at least 2 fasting glucose levels above 126 mg/dL, use of hypoglycemic agents or insulin, or both of these) were included. They were evaluated at the first appointment (M1) and at the last appointment (M2), regarding blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), use of hypertensive drugs, glycemia, total cholesterol (TC), creatinine, and potassium. RESULTS: Of 1,032 patients studied, 146 patients with a mean age of 61.6 years had diabetes, and 27 were men (18.5%). Mean follow-up was 5.5 years. BP values were 161.6 x 99.9 mmHg in M1 and 146.3 x 89.5 mmHg in M2. In M1, 10.4% of the patients did not use medications, 50.6% used just 1 drug, 30.8% used 2 drugs, and 8.2% used 3 or more drugs. In M2, these values were 10.9%, 39%, 39.7%, and 10.4%, respectively. Diuretics were the most commonly used medication, whereas angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) were those drugs which presented greater increase when comparing M1 to M2 (24.6% and 41.7%, respectively). Only 17,1% reached the recommended goal (BP<130×85 mmhg). The other cardiovascular risk factors did not change significantly. CONCLUSION: Our data reinforce the necessity of a more aggressive approach in the treatment of these patients, despite the social and economic difficulties in adhering to treatment.

  • diabetes
  • Hypertension
  • treatment
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16/09/2003 DOI: 10.1590/S0066-782X2003001000003 Visualizações 8
ABC
Original Article

Epidemiological aspects of adherence to the treatment of hypertension

Jadelson P. Andrade et al. Fábio Vilas-Boas Hildenizia Chagas Marianna Andrade

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the reasons given by patients for interrupting their pharmacological treatment of hypertension. METHODS: We carried out an observational cross-sectional study, in which a questionnaire was applied and blood pressure was measured in 401 patients in different centers of the state of Bahia. The patients selected had been diagnosed with hypertension and were not on antihypertensive treatment for at least 60 days. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the groups were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 401 patients, 58.4% were females, 55.6% of whom white; 60.5% of the males were white. The major reasons alleged for not adhering to treatment were as follows (for males and females respectively): normalization of blood pressure (41.3% and 42.3%); side effects of the medications (31.7% and 24.8%); forgetting to use the medication (25.2% and 20.1%); cost of medication (21.6% and 20.1%); fear of mixing alcohol and medication (23.4% and 3.8%); ignoring the need for continuing the treatment (15% and 21.8%); use of an alternative treatment (11.4% and 17.1%); fear of intoxication (9.6% and 12.4%); fear of hypotension (9.6% and 12%); and fear of mixing the medication with other drugs (8.4% and 6.1%). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that most factors concerning the abandonment of the treatment of hypertension are related to lack of information, and that, despite the advancement in antihypertensive drugs, side effects still account for most abandonments of treatment.

  • adherence
  • systemic arterial hypertension
  • treatment
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06/11/2002 DOI: 10.1590/S0066-782X2002001300005 Visualizações 5
ABC
Original Article

Cross-sectional Study on Blood Pressure Control in the Department of Nephrology of the Escola Paulista de Medicina – UNIFESP

João Batista de Freitas et al. Agostinho Tavares Osvaldo Kohlmann Jr Maria Tereza Zanella Artur Beltrame Ribeiro

OBJECTIVE – To assess hypertension control rates in a specialized university-affiliated medical department, the influence of sex, diabetes, and obesity on that control, and the strategies for the treatment of hypertension. METHODS – We carried out a cross-sectional study with 1,210 patients followed up for at least 6 months. Information was gathered from medical and nursing records and comprised the following data: sex, age, weight, height, abdominal and hip circumferences, blood pressure, and class and number of the antihypertensive drugs prescribed. To assess obesity, we used body mass index and waist/hip ratio. Blood pressure was considered under control when its levels were below 140/90 mmHg. RESULTS – The study consisted of 73% females and 27% males. Most females (31.7%) were 50 to 59 years of age, and most males (28.3%) were 60 to 69 years. The blood pressure control rate found was 20.9% for the 1,210 patients and 23.4% for the hypertensive diabetic patients (n=290). Despite the low control rates found, 70% of the patients used 1 or 2 antihypertensive medications. A high prevalence of obesity (38%) was observed, and females had a greater abdominal obesity index than males did (90% vs 82%, p<0.05). Patients with a greater body mass index had less control of blood pressure. CONCLUSION – The percentage of hypertensive patients with controlled blood pressure levels was low and was associated with a high prevalence of obesity. These data indicate the need for reviewing the strategies of global treatment for hypertension.

  • blood pressure control
  • Hypertension
  • treatment
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10/09/2002 DOI: 10.1590/S0066-782X2002001100003 Visualizações 7
ABC
Original Article

Implications of the Hemodynamic Optimization Approach Guided by Right Heart Catheterization in Patients with Severe Heart Failure

Luís E. Rohde et al. Thiago Furian Candice Campos Andreia Biolo … Eneida Rabelo Murilo Foppa Nadine Clausell

OBJECTIVE: To report the hemodynamic and functional responses obtained with clinical optimization guided by hemodynamic parameters in patients with severe and refractory heart failure. METHODS: Invasive hemodynamic monitoring using right heart catheterization aimed to reach low filling pressures and peripheral resistance. Frequent adjustments of intravenous diuretics and vasodilators were performed according to the hemodynamic measurements. RESULTS: We assessed 19 patients (age = 48±12 years and ejection fraction = 21±5%) with severe heart failure. The intravenous use of diuretics and vasodilators reduced by 12 mm Hg (relative reduction of 43%) pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (P<0.001), with a concomitant increment of 6 mL per beat in stroke volume (relative increment of 24%, P<0.001). We observed significant associations between pulmonary artery occlusion pressure and mean pulmonary artery pressure (r=0.76; P<0.001) and central venous pressure (r=0.63; P<0.001). After clinical optimization, improvement in functional class occurred (P< 0.001), with a tendency towards improvement in ejection fraction and no impairment to renal function. CONCLUSION: Optimization guided by hemodynamic parameters in patients with refractory heart failure provides a significant improvement in the hemodynamic profile with concomitant improvement in functional class. This study emphasizes that adjustments in blood volume result in imme-diate benefits for patients with severe heart failure.

  • Heart Failure
  • hemodynamic optimization
  • treatment
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19/04/2002 DOI: 10.1590/S0066-782X2002000300001 Visualizações 5
ABC
Original Article

Characteristics associated with the dropout of hypertensive patients followed up in an outpatient referral clinic

Renné Gusmão Busnello et al. Raquel Melchior Carlo Faccin Daniela Vettori … Juliano Petter Leila Beltrami Moreira Flávio Danni Fuchs

OBJECTIVE: To determine the characteristics associated with the dropout of patients followed up in a Brazilian out patient clinic specializing in hypertension. METHODS: Planned prospective cohort study of patients who were prescribed an antihypertensive treatment after an extensive initial evaluation. The following parameters were analyzed: sex, age, educational level, duration of disease, pressure level used for classifying the patient, previous treatment, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, familial history of hypertension, and lesion in a target organ. RESULTS: We studied 945 hypertensive patients, 533 (56%) of whom dropped out of the follow-up. The mean age was 52.3±12.9 years. The highest probabilities of dropout of the follow-up were associated with current smoking, relative risk of 1.46 (1.04-2.06); educational level equal to or below 5 years of schooling, relative risk of 1.52 (1.11-2.08); and hypertension duration below 5 years, relative risk of 1.78 (1.28-2.48). Age increase was associated with a higher probability of follow-up with a relative risk of 0.98 (0.97-0.99). CONCLUSION: We identified a group at risk for dropping out the follow-up, which comprised patients with a lower educational level, a recent diagnosis of hypertension, and who were smokers. We think that measures assuring adherence to treatment should be directed to this group of patients.

  • dropout
  • systemic hypertension
  • treatment
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08/01/2002 DOI: 10.1590/S0066-782X2001000500001 Visualizações 5

Como citar este artigo

EndNote RIS

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (Vancouver)

Bocchi E, Marcondes-Braga F, Bacal F, Ferraz A, Albuquerque D, Rodrigues D. Atualização da diretriz brasileira de insuficiência cardíaca crônica – 2012. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2012;98(1 suppl 1):1-33.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ABNT)

Bocchi, EA; Marcondes-Braga, FG; Bacal, F; Ferraz, AS; Albuquerque, D; Rodrigues, D. Atualização da diretriz brasileira de insuficiência cardíaca crônica – 2012. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, v. 98, n. 1 suppl 1, p. 1-33, set. 2012.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (APA)

Bocchi, E., Marcondes-Braga, F., Bacal, F., Ferraz, A., Albuquerque, D., & Rodrigues, D. (2012). Atualização da diretriz brasileira de insuficiência cardíaca crônica – 2012. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 98(1 suppl 1), 1-33.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ISO)

Bocchi, EA and Marcondes-Braga, FG and Bacal, F and Ferraz, AS and Albuquerque, D and Rodrigues, D. Atualização da diretriz brasileira de insuficiência cardíaca crônica – 2012. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia [online]. 2012, vol. 98, n. 1 suppl 1, [citado 2026-11-15], pp. 1-33. Disponível em: <https://journals.cardiol.br/article/atualizacao-da-diretriz-brasileira-de-insuficiencia-cardiaca-cronica-2012/>. ISSN 0066-782X

EndNote RIS

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (Vancouver)

Makdisse MRP, Matsushita AM, Gonçalves Júnior I, Miranda O, Gomes AC, Cartocci MM, Covre S, et al. Pharmacological Therapy for Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly: An 8-year Analysis. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2007;78(4):369-73.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ABNT)

Makdisse, Márcia Regina Pinho; Matsushita, Andrea de M.; Gonçalves Júnior, Iran; Miranda, Odete; Gomes, Ana Cristina; Cartocci, Monica M.; Covre, Silvia; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos de Camargo. Pharmacological Therapy for Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly: An 8-year Analysis. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, v. 78, n. 4, p. 369-373, jan. 2007.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (APA)

Makdisse, M. R. P., Matsushita, A. M., Gonçalves Júnior, I., Miranda, O., Gomes, A. C., Cartocci, M. M., Covre, S., & Carvalho, A. C. C. (2007). Pharmacological Therapy for Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly: An 8-year Analysis. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 78(4), 369-373.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ISO)

Makdisse, Márcia Regina Pinho and Matsushita, Andrea de M. and Gonçalves Júnior, Iran and Miranda, Odete and Gomes, Ana Cristina and Cartocci, Monica M. and Covre, Silvia and Carvalho, Antonio Carlos de Camargo. Pharmacological Therapy for Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly: An 8-year Analysis. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia [online]. 2007, vol. 78, n. 4, [citado 2026-11-15], pp. 369-373. Disponível em: <https://journals.cardiol.br/article/pharmacological-therapy-for-myocardial-infarction-in-the-elderly-an-8-year-analysis-2/>. ISSN 0066-782X

EndNote RIS

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (Vancouver)

Zornoff LAM, Paiva SAR, Assalin VM, Pola PMS, Becker LE, Okoshi MP, Matsubara LS, et al. Clinical Profile, Predictors of Mortality, and Treatment of Patients after Myocardial Infarction, in an Academic Medical Center Hospital. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2007;78(4):401-5.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ABNT)

Zornoff, Leonardo A. M.; Paiva, Sérgio A. R.; Assalin, Vanessa M.; Pola, Patrícia M. S.; Becker, Luís E.; Okoshi, Marina P.; Matsubara, Luiz S.; Inoue, Roberto M. T.; Spadaro, Joel. Clinical Profile, Predictors of Mortality, and Treatment of Patients after Myocardial Infarction, in an Academic Medical Center Hospital. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, v. 78, n. 4, p. 401-405, jan. 2007.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (APA)

Zornoff, L. A. M., Paiva, S. A. R., Assalin, V. M., Pola, P. M. S., Becker, L. E., Okoshi, M. P., Matsubara, L. S., Inoue, R. M. T., & Spadaro, J. (2007). Clinical Profile, Predictors of Mortality, and Treatment of Patients after Myocardial Infarction, in an Academic Medical Center Hospital. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 78(4), 401-405.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ISO)

Zornoff, Leonardo A. M. and Paiva, Sérgio A. R. and Assalin, Vanessa M. and Pola, Patrícia M. S. and Becker, Luís E. and Okoshi, Marina P. and Matsubara, Luiz S. and Inoue, Roberto M. T. and Spadaro, Joel. Clinical Profile, Predictors of Mortality, and Treatment of Patients after Myocardial Infarction, in an Academic Medical Center Hospital. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia [online]. 2007, vol. 78, n. 4, [citado 2026-11-15], pp. 401-405. Disponível em: <https://journals.cardiol.br/article/clinical-profile-predictors-of-mortality-and-treatment-of-patients-after-myocardial-infarction-in-an-academic-medical-center-hospital-2/>. ISSN 0066-782X

EndNote RIS

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (Vancouver)

Strelec MAAM, Pierin AMG, Mion Jr. D. The influence of patient’s consciousness regarding high blood pressure and patient’s attitude in face of disease controlling medicine intake. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2003;81(4):349-54.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ABNT)

Strelec, Maria Aparecida A Moura; Pierin, Angela M. G.; Mion Jr., Décio. The influence of patient’s consciousness regarding high blood pressure and patient’s attitude in face of disease controlling medicine intake. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, v. 81, n. 4, p. 349-354, nov. 2003.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (APA)

Strelec, M. A. A. M., Pierin, A. M. G., & Mion Jr., D. (2003). The influence of patient’s consciousness regarding high blood pressure and patient’s attitude in face of disease controlling medicine intake. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 81(4), 349-354.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ISO)

Strelec, Maria Aparecida A Moura and Pierin, Angela M. G. and Mion Jr., Décio. The influence of patient’s consciousness regarding high blood pressure and patient’s attitude in face of disease controlling medicine intake. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia [online]. 2003, vol. 81, n. 4, [citado 2026-11-15], pp. 349-354. Disponível em: <https://journals.cardiol.br/article/the-influence-of-patients-consciousness-regarding-high-blood-pressure-and-patients-attitude-in-face-of-disease-controlling-medicine-intake-2/>. ISSN 0066-782X

EndNote RIS

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (Vancouver)

Barroso WKS, Jardim PCBV, Jardim TSV, Souza CTS, Magalhães ALA, Ibrahim FM, Couto PVO, et al. Hypertensive diabetic patients: guidelines for conduct and their difficulties. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2003;81(2):143-7.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ABNT)

Barroso, Weimar K. S.; Jardim, Paulo César B. V.; Jardim, Thiago S. V.; Souza, Cláudio T. S.; Magalhães, Alessandro L. A.; Ibrahim, Fuad M.; Couto, Priscila V. O.; Silveira, Andrea; Monego, Estelamaris T.. Hypertensive diabetic patients: guidelines for conduct and their difficulties. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, v. 81, n. 2, p. 143-147, set. 2003.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (APA)

Barroso, W. K. S., Jardim, P. C. B. V., Jardim, T. S. V., Souza, C. T. S., Magalhães, A. L. A., Ibrahim, F. M., Couto, P. V. O., Silveira, A., & Monego, E. T. (2003). Hypertensive diabetic patients: guidelines for conduct and their difficulties. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 81(2), 143-147.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ISO)

Barroso, Weimar K. S. and Jardim, Paulo César B. V. and Jardim, Thiago S. V. and Souza, Cláudio T. S. and Magalhães, Alessandro L. A. and Ibrahim, Fuad M. and Couto, Priscila V. O. and Silveira, Andrea and Monego, Estelamaris T.. Hypertensive diabetic patients: guidelines for conduct and their difficulties. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia [online]. 2003, vol. 81, n. 2, [citado 2026-11-15], pp. 143-147. Disponível em: <https://journals.cardiol.br/article/hypertensive-diabetic-patients-guidelines-for-conduct-and-their-difficulties-2/>. ISSN 0066-782X

EndNote RIS

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (Vancouver)

Andrade JP, Vilas-Boas F, Chagas H, Andrade M. Epidemiological aspects of adherence to the treatment of hypertension. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2002;79(4):380-4.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ABNT)

Andrade, Jadelson P.; Vilas-Boas, Fábio; Chagas, Hildenizia; Andrade, Marianna. Epidemiological aspects of adherence to the treatment of hypertension. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, v. 79, n. 4, p. 380-384, nov. 2002.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (APA)

Andrade, J. P., Vilas-Boas, F., Chagas, H., & Andrade, M. (2002). Epidemiological aspects of adherence to the treatment of hypertension. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 79(4), 380-384.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ISO)

Andrade, Jadelson P. and Vilas-Boas, Fábio and Chagas, Hildenizia and Andrade, Marianna. Epidemiological aspects of adherence to the treatment of hypertension. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia [online]. 2002, vol. 79, n. 4, [citado 2026-11-15], pp. 380-384. Disponível em: <https://journals.cardiol.br/article/epidemiological-aspects-of-adherence-to-the-treatment-of-hypertension-2/>. ISSN 0066-782X

EndNote RIS

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (Vancouver)

Freitas JB, Tavares A, Kohlmann Jr O, Zanella MT, Ribeiro AB. Cross-sectional Study on Blood Pressure Control in the Department of Nephrology of the Escola Paulista de Medicina – UNIFESP. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2002;79(2):123-8.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ABNT)

Freitas, João Batista de; Tavares, Agostinho; Kohlmann Jr, Osvaldo; Zanella, Maria Tereza; Ribeiro, Artur Beltrame. Cross-sectional Study on Blood Pressure Control in the Department of Nephrology of the Escola Paulista de Medicina – UNIFESP. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, v. 79, n. 2, p. 123-128, set. 2002.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (APA)

Freitas, J. B. , Tavares, A., Kohlmann Jr, O., Zanella, M. T., & Ribeiro, A. B. (2002). Cross-sectional Study on Blood Pressure Control in the Department of Nephrology of the Escola Paulista de Medicina – UNIFESP. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 79(2), 123-128.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ISO)

Freitas, João Batista de and Tavares, Agostinho and Kohlmann Jr, Osvaldo and Zanella, Maria Tereza and Ribeiro, Artur Beltrame. Cross-sectional Study on Blood Pressure Control in the Department of Nephrology of the Escola Paulista de Medicina – UNIFESP. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia [online]. 2002, vol. 79, n. 2, [citado 2026-11-15], pp. 123-128. Disponível em: <https://journals.cardiol.br/article/cross-sectional-study-on-blood-pressure-control-in-the-department-of-nephrology-of-the-escola-paulista-de-medicina-unifesp-2/>. ISSN 0066-782X

EndNote RIS

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (Vancouver)

Rohde LE, Furian T, Campos C, Biolo A, Rabelo E, Foppa M, Clausell N, et al. Implications of the Hemodynamic Optimization Approach Guided by Right Heart Catheterization in Patients with Severe Heart Failure. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2002;78(3):261-6.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ABNT)

Rohde, Luís E.; Furian, Thiago; Campos, Candice; Biolo, Andreia; Rabelo, Eneida; Foppa, Murilo; Clausell, Nadine. Implications of the Hemodynamic Optimization Approach Guided by Right Heart Catheterization in Patients with Severe Heart Failure. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, v. 78, n. 3, p. 261-266, abr. 2002.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (APA)

Rohde, L. E., Furian, T., Campos, C., Biolo, A., Rabelo, E., Foppa, M., & Clausell, N. (2002). Implications of the Hemodynamic Optimization Approach Guided by Right Heart Catheterization in Patients with Severe Heart Failure. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 78(3), 261-266.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ISO)

Rohde, Luís E. and Furian, Thiago and Campos, Candice and Biolo, Andreia and Rabelo, Eneida and Foppa, Murilo and Clausell, Nadine. Implications of the Hemodynamic Optimization Approach Guided by Right Heart Catheterization in Patients with Severe Heart Failure. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia [online]. 2002, vol. 78, n. 3, [citado 2026-11-15], pp. 261-266. Disponível em: <https://journals.cardiol.br/article/implications-of-the-hemodynamic-optimization-approach-guided-by-right-heart-catheterization-in-patients-with-severe-heart-failure-2/>. ISSN 0066-782X

EndNote RIS

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (Vancouver)

Busnello RG, Melchior R, Faccin C, Vettori D, Petter J, Moreira LB, Fuchs FD, et al. Characteristics associated with the dropout of hypertensive patients followed up in an outpatient referral clinic. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2002;76(5):352-4.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ABNT)

Busnello, Renné Gusmão; Melchior, Raquel; Faccin, Carlo; Vettori, Daniela; Petter, Juliano; Moreira, Leila Beltrami; Fuchs, Flávio Danni. Characteristics associated with the dropout of hypertensive patients followed up in an outpatient referral clinic. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, v. 76, n. 5, p. 352-354, jan. 2002.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (APA)

Busnello, R. G., Melchior, R., Faccin, C., Vettori, D., Petter, J., Moreira, L. B., & Fuchs, F. D. (2002). Characteristics associated with the dropout of hypertensive patients followed up in an outpatient referral clinic. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 76(5), 352-354.

Formato de Documento Eletrônico (ISO)

Busnello, Renné Gusmão and Melchior, Raquel and Faccin, Carlo and Vettori, Daniela and Petter, Juliano and Moreira, Leila Beltrami and Fuchs, Flávio Danni. Characteristics associated with the dropout of hypertensive patients followed up in an outpatient referral clinic. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia [online]. 2002, vol. 76, n. 5, [citado 2026-11-15], pp. 352-354. Disponível em: <https://journals.cardiol.br/article/characteristics-associated-with-the-dropout-of-hypertensive-patients-followed-up-in-an-outpatient-referral-clinic-2/>. ISSN 0066-782X

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