lung volume measurements

ABC

Editorial

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Post-COVID-19 Patients: New Insights Into the Exercise Intolerance

Marina Petersen Saadi et al. Anderson Donelli da Silveira

COVID-19 has affected thousands of people worldwide, and a considerable percentage of those complain of persistent exercise limitation, unrelated to the disease`s severity and persisting even months after the infection.^,It is well known that the severe form of COVID-19 predominantly involves the respiratory system, presenting with acute respiratory distress syndrome. One could speculate that the persistent functional limitation seen after infection may originate in the respiratory system, a fact reinforced by studies that showed ventilatory limitation in spirometry after hospital discharge.^,

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test (CPET) allows a complete assessment of the cardiorespiratory system. It is the gold standard exam to define prognosis in several heart and lung diseases and can discriminate the underlying mechanisms associated with reduced functional capacity.^,

[…]

Read Full Article

ABC

Review Article

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test: Background, Applicability and Interpretation

Artur Haddad Herdy et al. Luiz Eduardo Fonteles Ritt Ricardo Stein Claudio Gil Soares de Araújo … Mauricio Milani Romeu Sérgio Meneghelo Almir Sérgio Ferraz Carlos Hossri Antonio Eduardo Monteiro de Almeida Miguel Morita Fernandes-Silva Salvador Manoel Serra

Abstract

Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) has been gaining importance as a method of functional assessment in Brazil and worldwide. In its most frequent applications, CPET consists in applying a gradually increasing intensity exercise until exhaustion or until the appearance of limiting symptoms and/or signs. The following parameters are measured: ventilation; oxygen consumption (VO₂); carbon dioxide production (VCO₂); and the other variables of conventional exercise testing. In addition, in specific situations, pulse oximetry and flow-volume loops during and after exertion are measured. The CPET provides joint data analysis that allows complete assessment of the cardiovascular, respiratory, muscular and metabolic systems during exertion, being considered gold standard for cardiorespiratory functional assessment.^–

The CPET allows defining mechanisms related to low functional capacity that can cause symptoms, such as dyspnea, and correlate them with changes in the cardiovascular, pulmonary and skeletal muscle systems. Furthermore, it can be used to provide the prognostic assessment of patients with heart or lung diseases, and in the preoperative period, in addition to aiding in a more careful exercise prescription to healthy subjects, athletes and patients with heart or lung diseases.

Similarly to CPET clinical use, its research also increases, with the publication of several scientific contributions from Brazilian researchers in high-impact journals.

Therefore, this study aimed at providing a comprehensive review on the applicability of CPET to different clinical situations, in addition to serving as a practical guide for the interpretation of that test.

Read Full Article

ABC

Artigo Original

Short-duration transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery

Cristie Gregorini et al. Gerson Cipriano Junior Leticia Moraes de Aquino João Nelson Rodrigues Branco Graziella França Bernardelli

BACKGROUND: Respiratory muscle strength has been related to the postoperative outcome of cardiac surgeries. The main documented therapeutic purpose of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is the reduction of pain, which could bring secondary benefits to the respiratory muscles and, consequently, to lung capacities and volumes. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of short-duration transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the reduction of pain and its possible influence on respiratory muscle strength and lung capacity and volumes of patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. METHODS: Twenty five patients with mean age of 59.9 ± 10.3 years, of whom 72% were men, and homogeneous as regards weight and height, were randomly assigned to two groups. One group received therapeutic TENS (n = 13) and the other, placebo TENS (n = 12), for four hours on the third postoperative day of cardiac surgery. Pain was analyzed by means of a visual analogue scale, and of respiratory muscle strength as measured by maximum respiratory pressures and lung capacity and volumes before and after application of TENS. RESULTS: Short-duration TENS significantly reduced pain of patients in the postoperative period (p < 0.001). Respiratory muscle strength (p < 0.001), tidal volume (p < 0.001) and vital capacity (p < 0.05) significantly improved after therapeutic TENS, unlike in the placebo group. CONCLUSION: Short-duration TENS proved effective for the reduction of pain and improvement of respiratory muscle strength, as well as of lung volumes and capacity. (Arq Bras Cardiol 2010; 94(3):325-331)

Read Full Article

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Post-COVID-19 Patients: New Insights Into the Exercise Intolerance

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test: Background, Applicability and Interpretation

Abstract

Short-duration transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery

Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)

Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)

Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)