endocardial fibroelastosis

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Prenatal study of fetal endocardial hyperrefringence and its relation to maternal toxoplasmosis

Luiz Henrique Soares Nicoloso et al. Tiene Zingano Henke Paulo Zielinsky

OBJECTIVE: To compare a group of fetuses whose mothers had acute or recent toxoplasmosis with a group of fetuses whose mothers had no systemic disease, analyzing the presence of changes in endocardial refringence. METHODS: This study assessed 91 fetuses of mothers diagnosed with acute or recent toxoplasmosis, detected by seroconversion or the presence of elevated IgM and IgG titers, confirmed through the IgM-capture ELISA. They were compared with a control group comprising 182 fetuses selected from a low-risk population participating in a prenatal screening program for heart diseases. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed between the mean gestational (29.2±4.6 weeks; 29.2±4.6 weeks) and maternal (25.7±6.7 years; 26±5.4 years) ages in the 2 groups. Areas of endocardial hyperechogenicity were observed in 69 fetuses whose mothers had toxoplasmosis (75.8%) and in only 6 fetuses of the control group (3.3%) (P<0.001). In 52 patients of the group studied (75.4%), endocardial hyperrefringence was diffuse, and, in 17 (24.3%), it was focal. In the control group, focal distribution was observed in 5 fetuses (83.3%). CONCLUSION: The prenatal echocardiographic image of focal or diffuse endocardial hyperrefringence is more prevalent in pregnancies with maternal toxoplasmosis than in the healthy ones, and an association between fetal endocardial hyperechogenicity and maternal disease exists.

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Neonate Aortic Stenosis: Importance of Myocardial Perfusion in Prognosis

Marco Aurélio Santos et al. Vitor Manuel Pereira Azevedo

OBJECTIVE: To analyze our experience with percutaneous aortic balloon valvuloplasty in newborn infants with aortic stenosis, emphasizing the extraordinary importance of myocardial perfusion.METHODS: Over a 10-year-period, 21 neonates underwent percutaneous aortic balloon valvuloplasty. Age ranged from 2 to 27 days, weight ranged from 2.2 to 4.1 kg and 19 were males. All patients presented with congestive heart failure that could not be treated clinically. The onset of symptoms in the first week of life occurred in 9 patients considered as having critical aortic stenosis. Severe aortic stenosis occurred in 12 patients with the onset of symptoms in the second week of life.RESULTS: Mortality reached 100% in the patients with critical aortic stenosis. The procedure was considered effective in the 12 patients with severe aortic stenosis. Vascular complications included the loss of pulse in 12 patients and rupture of the femoral artery in 2 patients. Cardiac complications included acute aortic regurgitation in 2 patients and myocardial perforation in one. In an 8.2±1.3-year follow-up, 5 of the 12 patients died (2 patients due to septicemia and 3 patients due to congestive heart failure). Five of the other 7 patients underwent a new procedure and 2 required surgery.CONCLUSION: Percutaneous aortic valvuloplasty in neonates is not an effective procedure in the 1st week of life, because at this age the common presentation is cardiogenic shock. It is possible that, in those patients with critical aortic stenosis, dilation of the aortic valve during fetal life may change the prognosis of its clinical outcome.

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Prenatal study of fetal endocardial hyperrefringence and its relation to maternal toxoplasmosis

Neonate Aortic Stenosis: Importance of Myocardial Perfusion in Prognosis

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Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)