Occupational Health – ABC CARDIOL

IJCS

Original Article

Comparison Between Two Prevention and Control Programs for Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in an Oil Company

Maria Lúcia Ribeiro Rocha et al. Ana Marice Teixeira Ladeia

Abstract

Background:

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in the world, and companies can implement prevention and control actions aimed at reducing risk factors among their workers.

Objectives:

To verify whether the result of model A of a CVD prevention and control program was superior to model B in reducing the cardiovascular risk (CVR) of individuals from an oil company.

Methods:

Retrospective evaluation of secondary data from a restricted and fixed cohort of 670 workers, from 01/01/2016 to 12/31/2018. The workers were divided by program model into Group A (514) and Group B (156). The 2016 CVR was compared with that of 2018, within and between groups, as well as the mean and prevalence of risk factors for CVD. Statistical analysis was set at a significance level of 5%.

Results:

Group A improved the level of physical activity (PAL), consumption of fruits and vegetables, and consumption of alcohol, but the “high” CVR increased from 0.4% in 2016 to 1.4% in 2018 (p<0.01). In Group B there was no change in the workers’ health profile, but the percentage of individuals with "intermediate" CVR increased from 14.1% to 16.7% (p=0.01).

Conclusions:

The actions developed by the company had a positive impact on the way of life of workers covered by the model A program; however, they were not sufficient to reduce CVR in this group.

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IJCS

Original Article

Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Haul Truck Operators of the Mining Sector Working a Rotational Schedule

Rafaela Aparecida Mendonça Marques et al. Priscila Pena Camargo Gabriela Guerra Leal Souza Graziela Dutra Rocha Gouvea … Virgínia Capistrano Fajardo Raimundo Marques do Nascimento Neto André Luis Silva Fernando Luiz Pereira de Oliveira

Abstract

Background:

Due to the growing concern about work-related social and health aspects, occupational health and safety has become relevant.

Objective:

This work aims to develop a model to assist cardiovascular risk management in a team of haul truck operators, who work in rotating shifts at a mining company in Brazil.

Methods:

This longitudinal study evaluated risk factors for cardiovascular diseases of 191 mineworkers at three times points – 2010, 2012, and 2015. In addition, the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases was calculated, and the risk factors were analyzed using the chi-square test, the U Mann-Whitney test, and binary logistic regression. The significance level was set at 5%.

Results:

In the study period, body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHR), systolic (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides levels of the study group increased. In 2015, there was a high prevalence of alcohol intake, overweight or obesity, central obesity, inadequate WHR, high blood pressure, total cholesterol above 190 mg/dL, and triglycerides above 150 mg/dL. An association was identified between increased cardiovascular risk and age, SBP, HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and elevated glucose levels.

Conclusion:

Intense interventions for reduction and prevention of elevated alcohol intake, blood pressure levels, WHR, metabolic syndrome, blood glucose, and LDL-C levels, and low HDL-C levels are needed. In addition, a close monitoring of mine workers over 38 years of age who smoke, consume alcoholic beverages, and have altered blood glucose levels is important.

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ABC

Editorial

Is It Time to Move From Diagnosis to Active Intervention in Brazilian Workplaces? A Call for Action

Fernando Nobre et al. André Schmidt

Arterial hypertension (AH) is a major contributing risk factor for heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. According to the 2013 Brazilian National Health Survey, 21.4% (95%CI 20.8-22.0) of adults self-reported having AH; however, considering their blood pressure (BP) measurements and the use of antihypertensive medications, the rate of adults with BP greater than or equal to 140/90 mm Hg reached 32.3% (95% CI 31.7-33.0). The prevalence of AH was higher among men, and, as expected, this rate was highly affected by aging, reaching 71.7% for individuals over 70 years of age.^,

Therefore, every study to determine the prevalence of AH is very important for prevention, treatment, and follow-up programs. Samples representing the workforce are of particular importance because they are younger, in the productive age and have a longer life expectancy.

[…]

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ABC

Artigo Original

Risk factors for hypertension and diabetes mellitus in metallurgic and siderurgic company's workers

Maria Carmen Martinez et al. Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira Latorre

OBJECTIVE: To study the factors associated with arterial hypertension (AH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) in a metal and steel industry’s workers with units in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, using a hierarchical risk model. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. We obtained information on demographic, occupational and lifestyle variables, in addition to the lipid profile, fasting glycemia and blood pressure of 3,777 employees, and we carried out descriptive statistical analysis and hierarchical multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of AH was 24.7% and the hierarchical regression analysis indicated that male gender and age above 40 years presented statistically significant risk. Regardless of demographic characteristics, working in the metal industry, intense stress at work, sedentary lifestyle, alcohol consumption, body mass index above 25, altered cholesterol and altered triglycerides were associated with AH. The prevalence of DM was 11.5% and the hierarchical regression analysis indicated that male gender and age above 40 years presented statistically significant risk. Regardless of demographic characteristics, the same conditions were associated with DM. CONCLUSION: The data evidenced that workers above 40 years are a priority for intervention actions aimed at improving the prevention of these two conditions. These actions should focus especially on eating habits and the practice of physical exercise, which could improve the control of obesity and of alterations in the lipid profile.

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ABC

Original Article

Hypertension in a female nursing staff-pattern of occurrence, diagnosis, and treatment

Estela Maria Motta Lima Leão de Aquino et al. Lucélia Batista Neves Cunha Magalhães Maria Jenny Araújo Maria da Conceição Chagas de Almeida Jackline Pereira Leto

OBJECTIVE: To report the pattern of occurrence, diagnosis, and treatment of hypertension in a female nursing staff of an emergency hospital. METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study that included interviews and blood pressure measurements of 494 nursing professionals at an emergency hospital in the city of Salvador, in the state of Bahia, Brazil. We considered hypertensive all individual with blood pressure > or = 140/90 mmHg or normal pressure if on regular treatment. RESULTS: We found a prevalence of hypertension of 36.4%. Only 18.3% of the individuals ignored their hypertensive condition, and 64.2% admitted not being having regular treatment. Of those individuals who were having treatment, 69.4% had elevated blood pressure on examination. The major reasons for not being on treatment was the occasional elevation of blood pressure (22.2%) and medical counseling (20.0%). CONCLUSION: The results point to the need to introduce hypertension control measures in this occupational group, because of the magnitude of the disease and the potential impact on diffusion of knowledge and measures to control hypertension.

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Comparison Between Two Prevention and Control Programs for Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in an Oil Company

Abstract

Background:

Objectives:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusions:

Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Haul Truck Operators of the Mining Sector Working a Rotational Schedule

Abstract

Background:

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Is It Time to Move From Diagnosis to Active Intervention in Brazilian Workplaces? A Call for Action

Risk factors for hypertension and diabetes mellitus in metallurgic and siderurgic company's workers

Hypertension in a female nursing staff-pattern of occurrence, diagnosis, and treatment

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Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

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Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)