Drug–Eluting Stents/trends

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Original Article

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Lesions

Douglas dos Santos Grion et al. Debora Carvalho Grion Igor Veiga Silverio Leonardo Shingu de Oliveira … Isabela Faria Larini Anna Victória Martins Juliana Moreira Marianne Machado Lissa Shizue Tateiwa Niekawa Adriana dos Santos Grion Cintia Magalhães Carvalho Grion

Abstract

Background

The advent of drug-eluting stents allowed the percutaneous coronary intervention to present safe results in lesions in the left main coronary artery.

Objectives

To analyze the results of the percutaneous treatment of unprotected left main coronary artery lesion with the use of intravascular ultrasound.

Methods

Study of consecutive case series carried out from January 2010 to December 2018. Clinical data were collected from patients as well as prognostic scores and data on coronary lesion. Low-grade residual lesion (less than 50%) on angiography and minimum luminal area greater than 6 mm²on intravascular ultrasound were considered successful. The adopted significance level was 5%.

Results

107 cases were analyzed. The multivessel lesion was predominant, with most (39.25%) of the lesions being found in three vessels in addition to the left main coronary artery. The SYNTAX score had a mean of 46.80 (SD: 22.95), and 70 (65.42%) patients had a SYNTAX score above 32 points. Angiographic success of percutaneous intervention was considered in 106 (99.06%) patients. The overall rate of major cardiac and cerebrovascular events in the hospital outcome was 6.54%, being similar in patients with SYNTAX score ≤ 32 (8.10%) and ≥ 33 (5.71%; p = 0.68).

Conclusions

Percutaneous intervention in cases of unprotected left main coronary artery lesion was safely performed and presented excellent results. Considerable angiographic success of treatment guided by intravascular ultrasound was achieved. The rate of major cardiac and cerebrovascular events was similar between patients at low and high risks.

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Original Article

Efficacy and Safety of Drug-Eluting Stents in the Real World: 8-Year Follow-Up

Denise Oliveira Pellegrini et al. Vitor Osório Gomes Ricardo Lasevitch Luis Smidt … Marco Aurélio Azeredo Priscila Ledur Rodrigo Bodanese Leonardo Sinnott Emílio Moriguchi Paulo Caramori

Background:

Drug-eluting stents have been used in daily practice since 2002, with the clear advantages of reducing the risk of target vessel revascularization and an impressive reduction in restenosis rate by 50%-70%. However, the occurrence of a late thrombosis can compromise long-term results, particularly if the risks of this event were sustained. In this context, a registry of clinical cases gains special value.

Objective:

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of drug-eluting stents in the real world.

Methods:

We report on the clinical findings and 8-year follow-up parameters of all patients that underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with a drug-eluting stent from January 2002 to April 2007. Drug-eluting stents were used in accordance with the clinical and interventional cardiologist decision and availability of the stent.

Results:

A total of 611 patients were included, and clinical follow-up of up to 8 years was obtained for 96.2% of the patients. Total mortality was 8.7% and nonfatal infarctions occurred in 4.3% of the cases. Target vessel revascularization occurred in 12.4% of the cases, and target lesion revascularization occurred in 8% of the cases. The rate of stent thrombosis was 2.1%. There were no new episodes of stent thrombosis after the fifth year of follow-up. Comparative subanalysis showed no outcome differences between the different types of stents used, including Cypher®, Taxus®, and Endeavor®.

Conclusion:

These findings indicate that drug-eluting stents remain safe and effective at very long-term follow-up. Patients in the “real world” may benefit from drug-eluting stenting with excellent, long-term results.