2004;83(6) – ABC CARDIOL

Artigo Original

Study of global left atrial shortening in fetuses of diabetic mothers

Paulo Zielinsky et al. Fabíola Satler Stelamaris Luchese Luiz Henrique Nicoloso … Antonio L. Piccoli Jr Eduardo I. Gus João Luiz Manica Marlui Scheid Silvana Marcantonio Domingos Hatem

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that left atrial shortening fraction is lower in fetuses of diabetic mothers than in fetuses of mothers with no systemic disease. METHODS: Forty-two fetuses of mothers with previous diabetes or gestational diabetes and 39 healthy fetuses of mothers with no systemic disease (controls) underwent echocardiographic examination. Their gestational ages ranged from 25 weeks to term. The left atrial shortening fraction was obtained with the following formula: (left atrial maximum diameter – left atrial minimum diameter)/left atrial maximum diameter. Data were compared using the Student t test, with an alpha level of 0.05. RESULTS: Mean left atrial shortening fractions in fetuses of diabetic mothers and in those in the control group were 0.39±0.15 and 0.51±0.11, respectively. This difference was significant with P < 0.001. CONCLUSION: Left atrial dynamics, with a reduction in global left atrial shortening, is increased in fetuses of diabetic mothers. We speculate that this parameter may be useful in assessing fetal left ventricular diastolic function.

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Artigo Original

Effects of oxidized LDL on in vitro proliferation and spontaneous motility of human coronary artery endothelial cells

Hermes Toros Xavier et al. Dulcinéia Saes Parra Abdalla Tania Leme da Rocha Martinez José Antonio Franchini Ramires Antonio Ricardo de Toledo Gagliardi

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of low concentrations of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) on the proliferation and spontaneous motility of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) in culture. METHODS: Cultures of HCAEC were treated with low concentrations of native LDL (nLDL) isolated from human plasma and with LDL minimally oxidized through different chemical methods; the effects were compared. RESULTS: Native LDL had no deleterious effects on in vitro proliferation and motility of HCAEC; however, at its highest concentration and for a longer exposure, nLDL inhibited cell proliferation. The LDL chemically oxidized by spermine nonoate (SNO) and 3-morpholinylsydnonimine (SYN-1) had significant inhibiting effects on in vitro proliferation and motility of HCAEC, which were proportional to the greatest concentrations and degrees of oxidation of LDL. CONCLUSION: OxLDL has a cytotoxic effect, inhibiting the proliferation and spontaneous motility of HCAEC in culture. This effect is proportional to the concentration and degree of oxidation of LDL; native LDL is relatively innocuous.

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Artigo Original

Anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta: surgical repair resolving pulmonary arterial hypertension

Marco Aurélio Santos et al. Vitor Manuel Pereira Azevedo

OBJECTIVE: To emphasize the diagnostic possibility of the anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta in infants with clinically refractory heart failure and no intracardiac structural defect. METHODS: Retrospective study of 4 infants with refractory heart failure undergoing 2-dimensional echocardiographic study with subcostal, suprasternal, and parasternal views, and hemodynamic and angiocardiographic study in the anteroposterior projection. RESULTS: Three of the 4 infants had their right pulmonary artery originating from the ascending aorta as their major diagnosis. In the fourth patient, the left pulmonary artery originated from the ascending aorta in association with a large interventricular septal defect. The pressure level in both pulmonary arteries in all infants was that of the systemic level. All patients underwent surgery, which consisted of translocation of the anomalous pulmonary artery from the aorta. Neither immediate nor late cardiac deaths occurred. CONCLUSION: Once the diagnosis of anomalous origin of the pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta in the isolated form is established, the surgical correction should be immediately performed, not only because of the risk of developing pulmonary vascular disease, but also because of the excellent surgical results currently obtained.

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Artigo Original

Comparison of LDL-cholesterol direct measurement with the estimate using the Friedewald formula in a sample of 10,664 patients

Caio Maurício Mendes de Cordova et al. Carlos Rudi Schneider Iara Deise Juttel Maurício Mendes de Cordova

OBJECTIVE: To compare direct measurement of LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) determined by a homogeneous method with LDL-cholesterol estimation determined by the Friedewald formula in a large heterogeneous population. METHODS: The measurements of total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were performed using traditional enzymatic methods. The measurements of HDL-C and LDL-C were performed using direct methods with no precipitation, and the estimation of the LDL-C fraction was calculated using the Friedewald formula. RESULTS: On linear regression analysis, the 2 methods had extremely significant correlation coefficients (P 201 mg/dL. This positive bias also occurred in regard to TG levels < 150 mg/dL. No bias was observed between the methods for TG levels ranging from 151 to 200 mg/dL and from 201 to 300 mg/dL. On the other hand, for TG levels ranging from 301 to 400 mg/dL, this bias of the Friedewald formula became negative. CONCLUSION: The Friedewald formula did not have a homogeneous performance for estimating LDL-C levels in samples with different TG levels as compared with that of the direct method, what could launch doubts on patients classification on the risk of developing coronary artery disease.

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Artigo Original

Changes in the parameters of left ventricular diastolic function according to age on tissue Doppler imaging

Márcia Duarte Pedone et al. Iran Castro Domingos Hatem José Carlos Haertel … Flávia Feier Fernando Pandolfo

OBJECTIVE: To determine the correlation between diastolic velocities on tissue Doppler imaging and age in a sample of healthy adults and to correlate age with the velocities of transmitral and pulmonary vein flows. METHODS: Echocardiographic assessment of 51 healthy individuals, whose ages ranged from 21 to 69 years. The diastolic myocardial velocities were recorded on tissue Doppler imaging. The velocities of the transmitral and pulmonary vein flows were also determined. RESULTS: The initial basal septal and basal lateral diastolic myocardial velocities showed an inverse correlation with age [r = – 0.40 (P = 0.004), and r = – 0.60 (P = 0.0001), respectively]. The atriogenic velocities of tissue Doppler imaging correlated directly with age [r = 0.56 (P = 0.0001) in the basal septal segment, and r = 0.50 (P = 0.0001) in the basal lateral segment]. The velocities of transmitral and pulmonary vein flows also correlated with age. CONCLUSION: Age correlates with the tissue Doppler diastolic myocardial velocities and with the velocities of transmitral and pulmonary vein flows. In healthy individuals, the parameters of left ventricular diastolic function vary with the natural evolution of age.

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Case Report

Surgical repair of the anomalous origin of the right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta

Miguel Arboleda et al. Iván Niño de Guzman Eva Ticona Gabriela Morales … Edgard Gloria Plinio Obregon Alfredo Lora María Ganiku Manuel Adrianzen Liana Falcon

The anomalous origin of the right pulmonary artery (AORPA) from the ascending aorta is a rare congenital malformation. We describe an infant who underwent a surgical correction with direct anastomosis between the right pulmonary artery and the pulmonary trunk. Eighteen months later, the patient remains asymptomatic, and no significant residual stenosis was detected on angioresonance.

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Study of global left atrial shortening in fetuses of diabetic mothers

Effects of oxidized LDL on in vitro proliferation and spontaneous motility of human coronary artery endothelial cells

Anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta: surgical repair resolving pulmonary arterial hypertension

Comparison of LDL-cholesterol direct measurement with the estimate using the Friedewald formula in a sample of 10,664 patients

Changes in the parameters of left ventricular diastolic function according to age on tissue Doppler imaging

Surgical repair of the anomalous origin of the right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta

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