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Case Report

Pacemaker electrode misplaced in the left ventricle

André Luiz Cerqueira de Almeida et al. Viviane Machicado Cavalcante Márcio Diego Castro Teixeira Gustavo Rocha Costa de Freitas

This study reports the case of an anomalous implantation of VVI pacemaker electrode in the left ventricle (LV) diagnosed during routine evaluation, two years after implantation. The patient is a 65-year-old woman with Chagas disease. Electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed a pattern of right branch block. Profile chest X-ray showed electrode with posterior curvature path. In transthoracic echocardiography, the diagnosis revealed that the catheter penetrated the right atrium, crossed the atrial septum, descended through the left atrium and mitral valve orifice and deployed on the LV wall. The following related aspects are addressed: potential deployment routes, clinical, radiological, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic pictures, complications and treatment options.

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Artigo Original

Diastolic dysfunction in diabetic normotensive patients, regardless of the presence of microangiopathy

João Carlos Ferreira Braga et al. Fábio Villaça Guimarães Filho Carlos Roberto Padovani Beatriz B. Matsubara

OBJECTIVE: To assess the Doppler-echocardiographic changes in normotensive patients with type II diabetes mellitus, in the presence or absence of signs of microangiopathy. METHODS: Patients with type II diabetes mellitus were submitted to funduscopy contrasted with fluorescein and dosage of microalbuminuria for diagnose of microangiopathy and divided into two groups: DMII (patients without microangiopathy, n=19) and DM+A (patients with microangiopathy, n=13). All of them were submitted to a Doppler-echocardiography and the results were compared with normotensive patients of same sex and age (group C, n=20), by using the ANOVA, followed by the test of Tukey. In all comparisons the significance level p<0.05 was adopted. RESULTS: There were no differences among the groups regarding the systolic function indicators or left ventricular mass. Differences compatible with diastolic dysfunction in the two groups of diabetic were observed, regardless of the presence of microangiopathy, which showed significantly higher values of the times of isovolumetric relaxation of the left ventricle (TIRLV, ms): (DMII= 97±22.2; DM+A= 107±28.2 and C= 80±10.7; p<0.05), and lower values of the maximum speeds of the wave of fast ventricular filling (E, cm/s): (DMII= 69±17.5; DM+A= 75±19.7 and C= 84±14.5, p<0.05 between DMII and C). There was no difference among the groups concerning the E/A rate. CONCLUSION: Normotensive patients with type II diabetes mellitus and without clinical signs of cardiovascular compromising showed signs of diastolic dysfunction, non-associated to the presence of microangiopathy.

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Pacemaker electrode misplaced in the left ventricle

Diastolic dysfunction in diabetic normotensive patients, regardless of the presence of microangiopathy

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Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)