Heart Valve Prosthesis/surgery

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Research Letter

Late-Onset Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve Thrombosis, Presenting with Significant Obstruction and Acute Heart Failure

Ana Filipa Cardoso et al. Tamara Pereira Filipa Cordeiro Marina Fernandes … Olga Azevedo António Lourenço

Introduction

Bioprosthetic valve thrombosis (BPVT) has an incidence ranging from 0.5% to 6%. However, it is most likely underreported given the technical limitations of 2D transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and the unawareness of the condition.

Our study presents a case report of a middle-aged male who was admitted with acute heart failure and was diagnosed with BPVT. Recognition of the condition and prompt institution of parenteral anticoagulation allowed for the restoration of the normal functioning of the biological valve, avoiding invasive strategies.

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Original Article

Determinants of Aortic Prosthesis Mismatch in a Brazilian Public Health System Hospital: Big Patients or Small Prosthesis?

Maria Estefania Otto et al. Fernando Antibas Atik Marcelo do Nascimento Moreira Luiz Carlos Madruga Ribeiro … Bianca Corrêa Rocha de Mello Joyce Gomes Elias Lima Maiara Sanchez Ribeiro Ana Carolina Pereira Matos Domingues Reyna Pinheiro Calzada Armindo Jreige Jr. Larissa Lucas Schloicka Philippe Pibarot

Abstract

Background:

Prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) is associated with worse outcomes.

Objective:

Determine the frequency and evaluate preoperatory variables independently associated with severe PPM in a tertiary hospital focused on Public Health Care.

Methods:

A total of 316 patients submitted to aortic valve replacement, who had echocardiography performed within the first 30 days after surgery, were retrospectively analyzed. The indexed effective orifice area (iEOA) of the prosthesis was used to classify the patients into three groups, according to PPM, considering body mass index (BMI): severe PPM (iEOA) < 0.65 cm²/m²), mild to moderate PPM (iEOA, 0.65 cm²/m² – 0.85 cm²/m²) and without PPM (iEOA > 0.85 cm²/m²) for a BMI < 30 kg/m² and severe PPM (iEOA) < 0.55 cm²/m²), mild to moderate (iEOA, 0.55 cm²/m²– 0.70 cm²/m²) and without PPM (iEOA > 0.7 cm²/m²) for a BMI > 30 kg/m². Statistical significance was considered when p < 0.05.

Results:

iEOA was obtained in 176 patients. The frequency of severe and moderate PPM was 33.4% and 36.2%, respectively. Severe PPM patients were younger and had larger BMI, but smaller left ventricular outflow tract diameter (LVOTD). The independent variables used to predict severe PPM were male gender, BMI > 25 kg/m², age < 60 years, LVOTD < 21 mm, and rheumatic etiology with an area under the ROC curve of 0.82.

Conclusion:

The frequency of severe PPM is high in a Brazilian population representative of the Public Health System, and it is possible to predict PPM from preoperative variables such as rheumatic valvular disease, gender, BMI, age and LVOTD.