Emission-Computed Tomography

ABCIC

Review Article

My Approach To Manage Valve Prosthetic Dysfunction: What is the Role of Tomography?

Abstract

The prevalence of valvular heart disease remains significant worldwide, as does the resulting use of valve replacement devices. Currently, mechanical valve prostheses (MVP), biological valve prostheses (BVP), and transcatheter valve prostheses are available. Computer tomography (CT) provides excellent spatial resolution and plays a critical role in the diagnostic process for prosthetic valve dysfunction (PVD). CT allows proper visualization of leaflet calcification/thickening (biological) or leaflet motion and angulation (mechanical). CT plays a fundamental role in the diagnosis of pannus and/or thrombus and in the characterization of paravalvular complications (e.g., dehiscence, fistula, leak, abscess, and pseudoaneurysm). Finally, CT has an established role as a necessary tool for planning percutaneous (valve-in-valve [VIV]) or surgical interventions to replace dysfunctional biological prostheses (Central Figure).

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ABCIC

Review Article

My Approach to Cardiovascular Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Cardiac Pseudotumors: A Brief Review

Roberto Vitor Almeida Torres et al. Bruno Maeda Fuzissima Eduardo Kaiser Ururahy Nunes Fonseca Lucas de Pádua Gomes de Farias … Walther Yoshiharu Ishikawa José de Arimatéia Batista Araújo Filho

Abstract

Cardiac pseudotumoral lesions are non-neoplastic conditions that are often overlooked in the differential diagnosis of cardiac masses. They present a variable clinical picture, ranging from asymptomatic to causing complications such as ventricular filling restriction and outflow tract obstruction. Echocardiography is the first-line imaging method but has limitations, such as dependence on the acoustic window and operator variability. However, a multimodality approach, including CT and MRI, is essential for seeking an accurate diagnosis. CT, with its excellent spatial resolution, allows for anatomical detailing, assessment of intralesional calcifications and fat, and contributes to therapeutic planning. MRI is preferred for tissue characterization and differentiation between benign and malignant lesions. Normal anatomical structures, such as the Eustachian valve and Chiari network, can be confused with thrombi or tumors, requiring correct identification. Thrombi are common in patients with atrial fibrillation or mitral valve disease, with MRI being important for differentiating them from neoplasms. Other pseudotumoral conditions include vegetation, gossypibomas, caseous calcification of the mitral valve annulus, and lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum. The integration of advanced cardiovascular imaging modalities is fundamental for the diagnosis and management of these lesions, optimizing patient care.

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My Approach To Manage Valve Prosthetic Dysfunction: What is the Role of Tomography?

Abstract

My Approach to Cardiovascular Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Cardiac Pseudotumors: A Brief Review

Abstract

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Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)