Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis

ABC

Editorial

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) For Predicting Pathological Changes In The Aorta: Is It Ready For Clinical Use?

Dominik Obrist et al. Hendrik von Tengg-Kobligk

Patient-specific modelling

Patient-specific models have been successfully deployed by many researchers. Nevertheless, the translation of high-resolution radiological data into geometrical vascular models for CFD remains a time-intensive task which is often cumbersome and requires trained specialists. There is a lack of automated segmentation and meshing tools for biomedical tasks. Recent developments based on deep neural networks may provide acceptable solutions for clinical use.

The setting of boundary conditions (e.g., velocity profiles at inflow/outflow) requires great care, because boundary conditions have a strong effect on the quality of the results. Therefore, it is useful to include flow measurements at well-defined locations (e.g., 2D+time or 3D+time blood flow MRI) into radiologic protocols. Next to the adequate choice of the modality and body location, this requires appropriate temporal and spatial resolution of the scans.

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ABC

Review Article

Role of miRNAs on the Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases

Debora Cristina Pereira da Silva et al. Felipe Demani Carneiro Kelly Costa de Almeida Caroline Fernandes-Santos

Abstract

MiRNA (or microRNA) is a subclass of non-coding RNAs that is responsible for post-transcriptional gene regulation. It has approximately 22 nucleotides and regulates gene expression in plants and animals at the post-transcriptional level, by the cleavage of a target mRNA or by suppression of its translation. Although many of the processes and mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated, there is a strong association between miRNA expression and several diseases. It is known that miRNAs are expressed in the cardiovascular system, but their role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has not been clearly established. In this non-systematic review of the literature, we first present the definition of miRNAs and their action at the cellular level. Afterward, we discuss the role of miRNAs as circulating biomarkers of CVDs, and then their role in cardiac remodeling and atherosclerosis. Despite the complexity and challenges, it is crucial to identify deregulated miRNAs in CVDs, as it allows a better understanding of underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms and helps in the development of more accurate diagnostic and prognostic circulating biomarkers, and new therapeutic strategies for different stages of CVDs.

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Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) For Predicting Pathological Changes In The Aorta: Is It Ready For Clinical Use?

Patient-specific modelling

Role of miRNAs on the Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract

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Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Electronic Document Format (ISO)