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Letter to the Editor

Considerations on the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Primary Cardiac Lymphoma

Thalisson Gonçalves Almeida et al. Tales Gabriel Ferro de Oliveira Gustavo da Silva Soares Pedro Pereira Tenório

Dear Editor,

We would like to congratulate the authors on their relevant case report, “Cardiac Lymphoma: A Case Report,” published in the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (ABC Cardiol). The article addresses a rare and challenging clinical condition, primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL), which, as highlighted in the article, is an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis and nonspecific symptoms, making early diagnosis difficult. Among the article’s strengths, we highlight the rarity of the case, as it is a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with primary cardiac involvement, given the low incidence of these tumors (approximately 0.04% of primary malignant cardiac tumors, with lymphomas representing about 1.3% of these), with DLBCL being the most common subtype, frequently located in the right chambers of the heart.,

[…]

  • Cardiac Lymphoma
  • Cardio-Oncology
  • Case report
  • imaging diagnosis
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Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) Creative Commons license
06/02/2026 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20250521i Views 1
Figure 1
ABCIC
Case Report

Left Internal Thoracic Artery Fistula to the Bronchial Artery: a Rare Cause of Coronary Flow Theft

Marcela Gomes de Souza et al. Alice Mirane Malta Carrijo Vinicius Ferreira Aratani Flávia Bittar Britto Arantes

Introduction

The left internal thoracic artery (LITA) fistula to the pulmonary artery (PA) and/or its branches is a rare condition that was first described in 1947 by Burchell and Clagett and can be acquired or congenital. Its etiologies include, trauma, infection, neoplasms, and mainly myocardial revascularization surgery (MRS)., The surgical manipulation of the intrathoracic vessels during MRS may predispose a patient to postoperative LITA fistulization to the PA, causing coronary flow leakage and myocardial ischemia. LITA should be considered an etiological diagnosis in cases of persistent angina after MRS., Its diagnosis requires coronary cineangiography,– and its treatment options include conservative drug therapy, surgical ligation, or endovascular intervention.

[…]

  • Arteries
  • Case report
  • Coronary Vessel Anomalies
  • Coronary Vessels
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Fistula
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Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) Creative Commons license
26/11/2021 DOI: 10.47593/2675-312X/20213403eabc203

How to cite this article

EndNote RIS

Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Almeida TG, Oliveira TGF, Soares GS, Tenório PP. Considerations on the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Primary Cardiac Lymphoma. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2026;122(10):e20250521.

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Almeida, Thalisson Gonçalves; Oliveira, Tales Gabriel Ferro de; Soares, Gustavo da Silva; Tenório, Pedro Pereira. Considerations on the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Primary Cardiac Lymphoma. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, v. 122, n. 10, e20250521, Feb. 2026.

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Almeida, T. G., Oliveira, T. G. F. , Soares, G. S., & Tenório, P. P. (2026). Considerations on the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Primary Cardiac Lymphoma. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 122(10), e20250521.

Electronic Document Format (ISO)

Almeida, Thalisson Gonçalves and Oliveira, Tales Gabriel Ferro de and Soares, Gustavo da Silva and Tenório, Pedro Pereira. Considerations on the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Primary Cardiac Lymphoma. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia [online]. 2026, vol. 122, n. 10, [cited 2026-10-14], e20250521. Available from: <https://journals.cardiol.br/en/article/considerations-on-the-diagnosis-and-prognosis-of-primary-cardiac-lymphoma/>. ISSN 0066-782X

EndNote RIS

Electronic Document Format (Vancouver)

Souza MG, Carrijo AMM, Aratani VF, Arantes FBB. Left Internal Thoracic Artery Fistula to the Bronchial Artery: a Rare Cause of Coronary Flow Theft. ABC Imagem Cardiovascular 2021;34(3):eabc203.

Electronic Document Format (ABNT)

Souza, Marcela Gomes de; Carrijo, Alice Mirane Malta; Aratani, Vinicius Ferreira; Arantes, Flávia Bittar Britto. Left Internal Thoracic Artery Fistula to the Bronchial Artery: a Rare Cause of Coronary Flow Theft. ABC Imagem Cardiovascular, v. 34, n. 3, eabc203, Nov. 2021.

Electronic Document Format (APA)

Souza, M. G. , Carrijo, A. M. M., Aratani, V. F., & Arantes, F. B. B. (2021). Left Internal Thoracic Artery Fistula to the Bronchial Artery: a Rare Cause of Coronary Flow Theft. ABC Imagem Cardiovascular, 34(3), eabc203.

Electronic Document Format (ISO)

Souza, Marcela Gomes de and Carrijo, Alice Mirane Malta and Aratani, Vinicius Ferreira and Arantes, Flávia Bittar Britto. Left Internal Thoracic Artery Fistula to the Bronchial Artery: a Rare Cause of Coronary Flow Theft. ABC Imagem Cardiovascular [online]. 2021, vol. 34, n. 3, [cited 2026-10-14], eabc203. Available from: <https://journals.cardiol.br/en/article/left-internal-thoracic-artery-fistula-to-the-bronchial-artery-a-rare-cause-of-coronary-flow-theft/>. ISSN 2318-8219

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