Silvio Assis de Oliveira-Junior et al. Nayara de Araújo Muzili Marianna Rabelo de Carvalho Gabriel Elias Ota … Camila Souza de Morais Larissa Fregapani da Costa Vieira Mateus Oliveira Ortiz Dijon H. S. Campos Marcelo Diacardia Mariano Cezar Marina Politi Okoshi Katashi Okoshi Antonio C. Cicogna Paula Felippe Martinez
Abstract
Background
Obesity has been associated with chronic activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and with significant changes in cardiac performance.
Objective
To assess the impact of a blockade of angiotensin-II receptor type 1 (AT1receptor) on morphology and on myocardial functional performance in rats with high-fat diet- induced obesity.
Methods
Wistar rats (n=48) were submitted to control (2.9 kcal/g) or high-fat (3.6 kcal/g) diet for 20 weeks. After the 16thweek they were divided into four groups: Control (CO), Obese (OB), Control Losartan (CL) and Obese Losartan (OL). CL and OL received losartan (30 mg/kg/day) in drinking water for four weeks. Subsequently, body composition, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and echocardiographic variables were analyzed. Papillary muscle function was assessed at baseline with 2.50 mM calcium concentration ([Ca2+]o) and after inotropic maneuvers: post-pause potentiation (PPP), [Ca2+]oelevation, and during beta-adrenergic stimulation with isoproterenol. Analysis of the results was performed by the Two-Way ANOVA and by the appropriate comparison test. The level of significance was set at 5%.
Results
Although SBP change had been not maintained at the end of the experiment, obesity was associated with cardiac hypertrophy and with increased left ventricle posterior wall shortening velocity. In the study of papillary muscles in basal condition, CL showed lower developed tension maximum negative variation velocity (-dT/dt) than CO. The 60s PPP promoted lower -dT/dt and maximum developed tension (DT) in OB and CL compared with CO, and higher relative DT variation and maximum positive variation velocity (+dT/dt) in OL compared with CL and OB. Under 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5mM [Ca2+]o, the OL group showed higher -dT/dt than CL.
Conclusion
Losartan improves myocardial function in high-fat diet-induced obesity. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020;115(1):17-28)