Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation: A Promising Modality of Exercise Training in Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Phase I?

There are currently few indications for the use of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in cardiac patients that are based on systematic reviews or even meta-analyses from the perspective of evidence-based practice. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of NMES is probably still poorly explored. Previous studies have shown benefits of NMES in patients with stable chronic heart failure (CHF). However, we wonder whether the application of this technique in cardiac patients has been extensively explored. We are certainly dealing with a new therapeutic possibility so far rarely recommended and employed in patients with cardiovascular diseases, especially in intrahospital cardiovascular rehabilitation. In this scenario, what could be added to the current knowledge and its main indications?

In the absence of well-defined protocols, feasibility and safety studies may be considered as a starting point for further studies and for paving the way clinical trials and to determine whether or not the conduct is favorable for a patient`s specific clinical condition. So, what would be the role of NMES in heart surgery?

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