Catia Martins Cristina Oliveira et al. Anna Carolina Pinho da Silva Bianca Ramos Marins Silva Ana Clara Campos
Abstract
Background:
Cardiovascular diseases are currently the leading global cause of morbidity and premature mortality. High blood pressure is one of the precursors to the disease, which, when undetected, can lead to other serious complications such as thrombosis, acute myocardial infarction, and stroke.
Objective:
To analyze the profile of hypertension and associated factors in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro in the years 2011 and 2019.
Method:
This is a population-based cross-sectional study that used data from the Vigitel telephone survey implemented by the Ministry of Health. The eligible population was that of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, aged eighteen or older, in 2011 and 2019. To analyze the association between the outcome and the independent variables, multivariate logistic regression was used, estimating the Odds Ratio and its respective 95% confidence intervals.
Results:
The predominant sociodemographic profile remained similar in 2011 and 2019: a majority of women, 18-39 years, and with 9-12 years of schooling. Education level in 2011 appeared as a protective factor among individuals with 12 or more years of schooling (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43; 0.97). Obese individuals had a 2.81- and 2.96-times greater chance, in 2011 and 2019, respectively, of reporting hypertension, compared to non-obese individuals.
Conclusion:
The study highlights the need to expand the healthcare network to implement more effective strategies that consider the determinants of hypertension in order to achieve a greater impact on the management and control of the disease.