Disease Prevention – ABC CARDIOL

IJCS

Editorial

Diet Quality and Cardiovascular Health

Annie Seixas Bello Moreira et al. Débora Pinto Gapanowicz

The association between diet quality and cardiovascular health has been extensively investigated over the last few years. The Global Burden of Disease Study showed that, in 2017, dietary risk factors such as high intake of sodium, low intake of whole grains, and low intake of fruits were responsible for 11 million deaths across 195 countries.

Petersen et al. reviewed different ways to evaluate diet quality, which is a term used to quantify how healthy a particular dietary pattern is. It is clear that assessing and encouraging individual dietary components such as specific foods, nutrients, or bioactive compounds alone is not enough. Therefore, the totality of the diet is being increasingly assessed, since it has a greater impact on health outcomes.

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IJCS

Editorial

How to Take Care of Your Body: Not an Obvious Insight, but an Essential School Lesson

José Francisco Kerr Saraiva et al. Natalia Rezende Baraldi

Over the years, the most traditional institutions provide modern concepts and philosophy, assuming the important role that schools play today. What is relatively new is the comprehension of the student in an active position in the learning process. This change of view has made it evident that, beyond the regular curriculum, there is the need to understand about the basic life skills of others. Bodily functions are one example, as they have a direct impact upon the learning process. Furthermore, the child’s capacity as a messenger or influencer is still consolidated as the one who brings knowledge home.

Beyond this scenario, a significant increase in cases of heart disease per year has been observed. Randomized trials demonstrate that a change in lifestyle is the first and foremost step toward preventing the most common incidences of heart diseases, such as myocardial infarction.

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IJCS

Original Article

Effect of the Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program on the Quality of Life of Atherosclerotic Disease Patients

Patrícia Regina Thomé Martins et al. Annie Seixas Bello Moreira Elisa Maia dos Santos Luiz Fernando Rodrigues Júnior Bernadete Weber

Abstract

Background

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) accounted for 27% of deaths in Brazil in 2017. Most of the recorded deaths caused by CVD would be preventable if patients controlled risk factors including inadequate diet. The Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program (Dica Br) adapted the Mediterranean diet pattern to Brazilian typical foods and evaluated the effectiveness of a nutritional program based on cardioprotective foods on cardiovascular events and death of patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Objectives

To evaluate the effect of Dica Br on the QoL of patients with atherosclerotic disease from two health centers in the city of Rio de Janeiro.

Method

Randomized clinical trial with 273 participants of both sexes, over 45 years old, followed for four years. The intervention group (IG) received individualized dietary prescription, educational program, individual and group consultations, and phone calls. The control group (CG) received general dietary guidance. The SF-36 was used to assess QoL. The Student’s t-test and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare means between the groups. The mixed model test was used to compare the course of variables over time between the groups. Statistical significance was set at 5%.

Result

Most patients were male, with an average age of 64.2 ± 8.2 years in the IG and 65±9.5 years in the CG. Most were physically inactive, overweight, and had incomplete elementary school. The most prevalent comorbidity was systemic arterial hypertension, followed by dyslipidemia. QoL improved in both groups at four years. Waist circumference decreased in both groups over time, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels decreased in the IG but not in the CG after four years of follow-up.

Conclusion

The cardioprotective diet was effective in reducing LDL-C in the IG, and an improvement in QoL was observed in both intervention and control groups.

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Diet Quality and Cardiovascular Health

How to Take Care of Your Body: Not an Obvious Insight, but an Essential School Lesson

Effect of the Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program on the Quality of Life of Atherosclerotic Disease Patients

Abstract

Background

Objectives

Method

Result

Conclusion

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