Physical Exercise and MicroRNAs: Molecular Mechanisms in Hypertension and Myocardial Infarction

Introduction

Scientific evidence shows that the regular practice of physical exercise (PE) is beneficial for various organs and systems of the human body, mainly for the heart and cardiovascular system. In both systems, aerobic and strength PE promote physiological cardiac hypertrophy, respectively eccentric and concentric, improving myocardial function.

In addition to the benefits for the heart, PE impacts blood vessels through shear stress and alters long-term vascular function, improving endothelial cell and smooth muscle cell function, generating arterial remodeling and a potential antiatherogenic effect. These benefits on the cardiovascular system occur in both healthy individuals and individuals with cardiovascular diseases, such as systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and myocardial infarction (MI), for example.

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