My Approach to Left Atrial Function: From Basic Assessment to Atrial Stiffness

Abstract

The left atrium (LA) has historically been considered a passive chamber that conducts blood flow between the pulmonary veins and the left ventricle (LV). Advances in cardiovascular physiology and imaging techniques have highlighted its active role in modulating cardiac output, ventricular diastolic function, and the stratification of various heart diseases. Assessment of the LA has evolved over the years into a multiparametric functional approach, consolidated as an essential component of modern echocardiography. The systematic incorporation of volumetric parameters, atrial strain, and atrial stiffness allows for a more precise characterization of cardiovascular pathophysiology and improves prognostic stratification, thus supporting more informed clinical decisions.