Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Heart Failure: Critical Analysis and Future Perspectives
The term VAGUS, from the Latin, was chosen to name the cranial nerve with the most complex diversity of functions and which affects numerous physiological processes, such as autonomic, immunological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory and endocrine regulation.
The vagus nerve is made up of 20% efferent fibers and 80% afferent fibers, which make reciprocal connections between the brain and our organs. Afferent fibers transmit sensory information upward and terminate in four nuclei located in the medulla, including the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). Its efferent functions include sending parasympathetic cholinergic signals from brain nuclei to target organs. ,
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