ABSTRACT

Background:

Cancers (CAs) are related to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), mainly due to the cardiotoxicity of oncological therapies (OTs).

Objectives:

Analyze and describe the CVDs that affect oncological patients (OPs) before and after the diagnosis of CA.

Methods:

This is a retrospective cohort study carried out with OPs from a Tertiary Hospital in the Northern Macroregion of Rio Grande do Sul, in which data was obtained from medical records dated between 2011 and 2020, which were analyzed using statistical techniques, mainly with the objective of determining the prevalence, incidence, and factors associated with CVDs.

Results:

The sample included 250 OPs distributed over 10 years. Regarding CVDs, prevalence and incidence were, respectively, 47.6% and 13.6%. It was noted the predominance, in the previous conditions, of systemic arterial hypertension (67.7%) and, in the incident disorders, of deep vein thrombosis (30.6%). The total incidence was associated with male sex (p=0.003), smoking (p=0.023) and metabolic (p=0.025) and pulmonary (p=0.047) comorbidities. The incidence after the start of OT was linked to radiotherapy (p=0.015) and chemotherapy (p=0.011), in particular, fluorouracil (p=0.025) and oxaliplatin (p=0.033).

Conclusions:

The relationship between CAs and CVDs has become clear, highlighting the importance of promoting the progress of cardio-oncology, especially with the aim of providing better therapeutic perspectives for OPs.