Denise da Silva Pinheiro et al. Rosália Santos Amorim Jesuíno
Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD), and more specifically Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), continue to be the most important causes of death from non-communicable diseases in Brazil and in the world. , Therefore, scientific efforts have been made to identify new biochemical markers and in the elucidation of genotypic risk profiles for CAD and other CVDs in the field of disease-association medical genetics. In this sense, a gene that has been extensively studied is the paraoxanase (PON) gene, which has three gene cluster isoforms: PON1, PON2 and PON3, located on chromosome 7q21.3-22.1. PON1 is the most studied member of the paraoxanases family due to its prominent role in lipoprotein catabolism pathways, being even pointed out as a biochemical marker of the antioxidant capacity of HDL-cholesterol particles. ,
PON1 is a multifunctional calcium-dependent ester hydrolase enzyme that is associated with HDL-cholesterol particles. It has antioxidant and antiatherogenic properties by hydrolyzing oxidized LDL cholesterol and phospholipid peroxidation products. In this way, it provides protection to cell membranes and neutralizes the effects of lipid oxidation, playing an important cardioprotective role. ,
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