Anabel Goes Costa et al. Nilzo Augusto Mendes Ribeiro Adriano Dias Dourado Maria Lucia Duarte Ana Marice Ladeia
Abstract
Background:
Congenital heart disease (CHD) in adults has become an area of growing interest in cardiology due to the increased survival of these patients.
Objective:
to describe the clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic profile of adults with CHD.
Methods:
Cross-sectional study with 371 patients over 18 years of age, followed up at the adult CHD outpatient clinic of Santa Izabel Hospital. A questionnaire was applied to collect demographic and socioeconomic data, and a form with clinical aspects was completed. The chi-square test was used to compare frequencies between groups, with a significance level of p < 0.05.
Results:
Mean age was 30 ± 10 years, 188 (50.6%) women, brown race (61.0%), 216 (73.2%) single, 72 employed patients (24.6%). In this study, 249 patients (67.1%) were acyanotic, 138 (55.4%) showed a hyperflow, 90 (24.3%) had tetralogy of Fallot (T4F), 49 (13.2%) had ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD), and 30 (8.1%) had ventricular septal defect (VSD). Median age upon surgery was 8.2 years. Patients were classified as: surgically corrected, 194 (52.8%); surgically cured, 89 (24.2%); awaiting surgery, 8 (2.1%); clinical, 36 (9.8%); inoperable, 22 (6.0%); and surgically palliated, 19 (2.1%). Most were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class I (64.5%). Among women, 50 (72.5%) were pregnant, with a neonatal morbidity and mortality rate of 14.0%. Pulmonary hypertension occurred in 17(4.6%) of the patients.
Conclusion:
Our study found a predominant population in the third decade of life, with late surgical correction, good clinical evolution related to the benign nature of the pathologies, and greater survival of surgically cured or corrected cases.