Emerging Topics in Heart Failure: Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors (SGLT2i) in HF

Possible Mechanisms of Action

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) inhibit glucose reabsorption in proximal convoluted tubules, resulting in glycosuria and reduced blood glucose levels. However, this effect does not seem to explain the benefits of SGLT2i in patients with heart failure (HF).^,

Its benefits also do not seem to be directly related to its effects on classic cardiovascular risk factors (SAH, DM, DLP), since outcome reduction in the EMPA-REG study was not dependent on the baseline metabolic/hemodynamic profile of the patients or their variation throughout the study.

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