Information is a fundamental resource in a society, mainly for decision making. The process of obtaining this precious resource requires mastery and knowledge of its source.

In investigations in several areas, regardless of their purposes, the use of information systems is frequently observed. An information system is complex, but, according to Siqueira, initially, it is composed of three basic elements: data, information, and knowledge. The data, according to the author, would be the smallest particle of this system. It is the element from registration, without any analysis. It is essential, as it will affect the other elements depending on how it is registered. Data quality is influenced by the following: reliability, it corresponds to the reality of the event; up-to-dateness, the registered data is made available in a timely manner for its use; and completeness, the data covers all the characteristics of the investigated event. Information is regularly formed by a set of data. It comes from combining and analyzing several data. Knowledge comes from factors related to the use of information such as interpretation and applicability.

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