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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dic</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia Imagem cardiovascular</journal-title>
        
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2675-312X</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
        
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2318-8219.20180049</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/2318-8219.20180049</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Ligation of the Branches of the Anastomosed Internal Thoracic Artery in the Anterior Descending Coronary Artery and the Effect on Flow Velocities and Functional Status of the Graft</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="pt">
          <trans-title>Ligadura dos Ramos da Artéria Torácica Interna Anastomosada na Coronária Descendente Anterior e Efeito nas Velocidades do Fluxo e no Estado Funcional do Enxerto</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Abreu</surname><given-names>José Sebastião de</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pinheiro</surname><given-names>Tereza Cristina D</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Feitosa</surname><given-names>José Acácio</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Abreu</surname><given-names>Marilia Esther B</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Farias</surname><given-names>Ana Gardenia L. P</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Carneiro</surname><given-names>Marcia Maria</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Falcão</surname><given-names>Sandra Nívea R</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><institution content-type="orgname">Clinicárdio e Cardioexata de Fortaleza</institution><country/><institution content-type="original">Clinicárdio e Cardioexata de Fortaleza;</institution></aff>
      <aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><institution content-type="orgname">Hospital de Messejana</institution><country country="BR"/><institution content-type="original">Hospital de Messejana;</institution></aff>
      <aff id="aff3"><label>3</label><institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital das Clínicas</institution><institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Ceará</institution><addr-line><named-content content-type="city">Fortaleza</named-content><named-content content-type="state">Ceará</named-content></addr-line><country country="BR">Brazil</country><institution content-type="original">Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará - Brazil</institution></aff>
      <author-notes> <corresp id="c01"> Mailing Address: José Sebastião de Abreu • Rua Dr. José Lourenço, 500, apto. 700, Meireles. Postal Code 60115-280, Fortaleza, CE − Brazil E-mail: <email>jsabreu@cardiol.br/jsabreu10</email>@yahoo.com.br </corresp> <fn fn-type="con"> <p>Authors’ contributions</p> <p>Research creation and design: Abreu JS; Data acquisition: Abreu JS, Pinheiro TCD, JA Feitosa; Data analysis and interpretation: Abreu JS, Farias AGLP, Carneiro MM, Falcão SNR, Manuscript writing: Abreu JS, Abreu MEB; Critical revision of the manuscript as for important intellectual content: Abreu JS, Falcão SNR.</p> </fn><fn fn-type="conflict">
<p>Potential Conflicts of Interest</p> <p>There are no relevant conflicts of interest.</p></fn> </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>04</day>
				<month>02</month>
				<year>2022</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <season>Oct-Dec</season>
        <year>2018</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>31</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>258</fpage>
      <lpage>269</lpage>
      <history><date date-type="received"><day>26</day><month>05</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>1</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>27</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></date></history>
          <permissions>
      <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
        <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
      </license>
    </permissions>
      <abstract><title>Summary</title><sec><title>Introduction</title><p> Modification of internal thoracic artery flow occurs after its anastomosis in the left anterior descending coronary artery.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p> To evaluate the effect of ligation of the proximal branches of anastomosed internal thoracic artery flow on the left anterior descending in relation to velocities and coronary flow velocity reserve in patients with left ventricular ejection fraction preserved (&gt; 50%).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p> Prospective study of patients with left ventricular ejection fraction &gt; 50% and revascularized. Group I was composed of 25 patients with ligation of the major branches of the internal thoracic artery flow before its anastomosis in the left anterior descending coronary artery, and Group II was composed of 28 patients without ligation. Doppler was recorded at the proximal level of internal thoracic artery flow in the preoperative, early postoperative and 6 months later. The systolic peak velocity and diastolic, and systolic mean velocity and diastolic were measured. Coronary flow velocity reserve was obtained during dobutamine stress echocardiography in postoperative period 6 months later.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p> In the postoperative, the systolic peak velocity and the systolic mean velocity decreased while increasing the diastolic peak velocity and the diastolic mean velocity in the groups (p &lt; 0.05). From the postoperative to the postoperative period 6 months later, only the diastolic peak velocity modified, occurring its decrease in the groups (p &lt; 0.05). During the dobutamine stress echocardiography, diastolic peak velocity and the diastolic mean velocity increased (p &lt; 0.05) and groups did not differ, however, the systolic peak velocity and the systolic mean velocity increased only in Group II (p &lt; 0.05). The coronary flow velocity reserve of the groups calculated by diastolic peak velocity (Group I = 2.17 ± 0.64 and Group II = 2.28 ± 0.63) and diastolic mean velocity (Group I = 2.27 ± 0.54 and Group II = 2.5 ± 0.79) did not differ.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p> In patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, the ligation of the large branches of the anastomosed internal thoracic artery flow into the left anterior descending coronary artery does not compromise the coronary flow velocity reserve, but determines limitation in the increase of the systolic velocities. (Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc. 2018;31(4):231-240)</p></sec></abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="pt"><title>Resumo</title><sec><title>Fundamento</title><p> Ocorre modificação no fluxo da artéria torácica interna, após sua anastomose na artéria coronária descendente anterior.</p></sec><sec><title>Objetivo</title><p> Avaliar o efeito da ligadura dos ramos proximais da artéria torácica interna anastomosada na artéria coronária descendente anterior, quanto às velocidades e à reserva de velocidade de fluxo coronariano, em pacientes com fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo preservada (&gt; 50%).</p></sec><sec><title>Métodos</title><p> Estudo prospectivo de pacientes com fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo &gt; 50% revascularizados. O Grupo I foi formado por 25 pacientes com ligadura dos grandes ramos da artéria torácica interna antes de sua anastomose na artéria coronária descendente anterior, e o Grupo II por 28 pacientes sem ligadura. Registrou-se o Doppler em nível proximal da artéria torácica interna no pré-operatório, pós-operatório precoce e no pós-operatório tardio de 6 meses. Foram mensurados os picos de velocidade sistólica e diastólica, e as velocidades médias sistólica e diastólica. A reserva de velocidade de fluxo coronariano foi obtida durante o ecocardiograma sob estresse com dobutamina no pós-operatório tardio de 6 meses.</p></sec><sec><title>Resultados</title><p> No pós-operatório precoce, o pico de velocidade sistólica e a velocidade média sistólica diminuíram, enquanto aumentaram o pico de velocidade diastólica e a velocidade média diastólica nos dois grupos (p &lt; 0,05).Do pós-operatório precoce para o tardio em 6 meses, apenas o pico de velocidade diastólica se modificou, diminuindo nos dois grupos (p &lt; 0,05). Durante o ecocardiograma sob estresse com dobutamina, o pico de velocidade diastólica e a velocidade média diastólica aumentaram (p &lt; 0,05), e os grupos não diferiram, mas o pico de velocidade sistólica e a velocidade média sistólica aumentaram apenas no Grupo II (p &lt; 0,05). A reserva de velocidade de fluxo coronariano dos grupos calculada pelo pico de velocidade diastólica (Grupo I = 2,17 ± 0,64 e Grupo II = 2,28 ± 0,63) e pela velocidade média diastólica (Grupo I = 2,27 ± 0,54 e Grupo II = 2,5 ± 0,79) não diferiu.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusão</title><p> Em pacientes com fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo preservada, a ligadura dos grandes ramos da artéria torácica interna anastomosada na artéria coronária descendente anterior não compromete a reserva de velocidade de fluxo coronariano, mas determina limitação no aumento das velocidades sistólicas. (Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc. 2018;31(4):258-267)</p></sec></trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Mammary Arteries/surgery</kwd><kwd>Myocardial Revascularization</kwd><kwd>Fractional Flow Reserve</kwd><kwd>Myocardial</kwd><kwd>Internal Mammary Coronary Artery Anastomosis</kwd><kwd>Stroke Volume</kwd><kwd>Echocardiography, Doppler/methods</kwd></kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt"><kwd>Artéria Torácica Interna/cirurgia</kwd><kwd>Revascularização Miocárdica</kwd><kwd>Reserva Fracionada de Fluxo Miocárdio</kwd><kwd>Anastomose de Artéria Torácica Interna-Coronária</kwd><kwd>Volume Sistólico</kwd><kwd>Ecocardiografia Doppler</kwd></kwd-group>
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