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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dic</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia Imagem cardiovascular</journal-title>
        
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2675-312X</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
        
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2318-8219.20170012</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/2318-8219.20170012</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Diastolic Function Assessment with Doppler Echocardiography and Two-Dimensional Strain</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="pt">
          <trans-title>Avaliação da Função Diastólica Utilizando Ecocardiografia Doppler e Strain Bidimensional</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="es">
          <trans-title>Evaluación de la Función Diastólica Utilizando Ecocardiografía Doppler y Strain Bidimensional</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Del Castillo</surname><given-names>José Maria</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Albuquerque</surname><given-names>Eugenio Soares de</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Silveira</surname><given-names>Carlos Antônio da Mota</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lamprea</surname><given-names>Diana Patrícia</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sena</surname><given-names>Antonia Dulcineide Medeiros</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><institution content-type="normalized"/><institution content-type="orgname">ECOPE</institution><addr-line><named-content content-type="city">Recife</named-content><named-content content-type="state">PE</named-content></addr-line><country country="BR"/><institution content-type="original">ECOPE - Escola de Ecografia de Pernambuco, Recife, PE;</institution></aff>
      <aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><institution content-type="normalized"/><institution content-type="orgdiv1">PROCAPE</institution><institution content-type="orgname">UPE</institution><addr-line><named-content content-type="city">Recife</named-content><named-content content-type="state">PE</named-content></addr-line><country country="BR">Brazil</country><institution content-type="original">PROCAPE - Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco Prof. Luiz Tavares, UPE, Recife, PE – Brazil</institution></aff>
      <author-notes> <corresp id="c01"> Mailing Address: José Maria Del Castillo • Rua Jorge de Lima, 245, apto 303. Postal Code 51160-070, Salute, Recife, PE - Brazil E-mail: <email>castillojmd@gmail.com</email> </corresp> <fn fn-type="con"> <p>Authors’ contributions</p> <p>Research creation and design: Del Castillo JM; Data acquisition: Del Castillo JM, Albuquerque ES, Silveira CAM; Data analysis and interpretation: Del Castillo JM; Statistical analysis: Del Castillo JM; Manuscript drafting: Del Castillo JM; Critical revision of the manuscript as for important intellectual content: Del Castillo JM, Albuquerque ES, Silveira CAM, Lamprea DP, Sena ADM.</p> </fn><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>Potential Conflicts of Interest</p> <p>There are no relevant conflicts of interest.</p></fn> </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>20</day>
				<month>01</month>
				<year>2022</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <season>Apri-Jun</season>
        <year>2017</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>30</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>46</fpage>
      <lpage>53</lpage>
      <history><date date-type="received"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2016</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>6</day><month>02</month><year>2017</year></date></history>
      <permissions>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">
<license-p>
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
      <abstract><title>Summary</title><sec><title>Background</title><p> The evaluation of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction presents a significant number of indeterminate dysfunctions, especially when ejection fraction (EF) is preserved. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and systolic strain rate (SSR) and early diastolic strain rate (EDSR) may be useful for reclassifying diagnosed patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p> To evaluate, using GLS, SSR and EDSR, patients with diastolic dysfunction, compare with healthy individuals, and determine the additive value of the method.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p> The study included 149 patients (age 62.2 ± 10.6) with diastolic dysfunction (49.7% grade 1; 15.4% grade 2; 18.1% grade 3 and 16.8% unspecified) and 189 healthy individuals (age 44.5 ± 13.3). Left ventricular (LV) and left atrial (LA) dimensions and function, mitral and tissue Doppler velocities and their ratios, GLS, SSR and EDSR have been determined. Data evaluation using the Kolmogorov-Smirnoff, Kruskal-Wallis tests, multiple regression analysis and area under the ROC curve. Data were considered significant when p &lt; 0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p> In diastolic dysfunction, LV dimensions and thickness were increased and EF was lower. Mitral and tissue Doppler revealed abnormalities and LA volume and tricuspid regurgitation velocity were increased. GLS and EDSR were decreased in dysfunction grade 2 and 3 and EDSR was decreased in dysfunction grade 1, correlating better with diastolic dysfunction. The ROC cutoff value for the EDSR was 1.0 s<sup>-1</sup>.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p> Diastolic dysfunction supplemented with myocardial strain rate seems to add sensitivity and specificity where the diastolic function is indeterminate and may be used for reclassifying these patients. (Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc. 2017;30(2):46-53)</p></sec></abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="pt"><title>Resumo</title><sec><title>Fundamento</title><p> A avaliação da disfunção diastólica do ventrículo esquerdo (VE) apresenta significativo número de disfunções indeterminadas, principalmente quando a fração de ejeção (FE) está preservada. O strain longitudinal global (SLG), e o strain rate sistólico (SRs) e diastólico precoce (SRd), pode ser útil para reclassificar os pacientes assim diagnosticados.</p></sec><sec><title>Objetivo</title><p> Avaliar, com SLG, SRs e SRd, pacientes com disfunção diastólica, comparar com indivíduos saudáveis e verificar o valor aditivo do método.</p></sec><sec><title>Métodos</title><p> Estudados 149 pacientes (idade 62,2 ± 10,6 anos) com disfunção diastólica (49,7% grau 1; 15,4% grau 2;18,1% grau 3 e 16,8% indeterminada) e 189 indivíduos sadios (idade 44,5 ± 13,3 anos). Aferidas dimensões e função do VE e átrio esquerdo (AE), velocidades Doppler mitral e tecidual e suas relações, SLG, SRs e SRd do VE. Avaliação dos dados pelos testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnoff, Kruskal-Wallis, análise de regressão múltipla e área sob a curva ROC.Dados significativos quando p &lt; 0,05. Resultados: Na disfunção diastólica as dimensões e espessura do VE estavam aumentadas e verificou-se menor FE.O Doppler mitral e tecidual estava alterado e o volume do AE e a velocidade de refluxo tricúspide estavam aumentados.O SLG e SRs estavam diminuídos na disfunção grau 2 e 3 e o SRd diminuído já na disfunção grau 1, correlacionando-se melhor com a disfunção diastólica. O valor de corte da curva ROC para o SRd foi 1,0 s-1 .</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusão</title><p> A disfunção diastólica complementada com strain rate miocárdico parece acrescentar sensibilidade e especificidade nos casos em que a função diastólica é indeterminada, podendo ser usado para reclassificar estes pacientes. (Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc. 2017;30(2):46-53)</p></sec></trans-abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="es"><title>Resumen</title><sec><title>Fundamento</title><p> La evaluación de la disfunción diastólica del ventrículo izquierdo (VI) presenta significativo número de disfunciones indeterminadas, principalmente cuando la fracción de eyección (FE) está preservada. El strain longitudinal global (SLG), y el strain rate sistólico (SRs) y diastólico precoz (SRd), puede ser útil para reclasificar los pacientes así diagnosticados.</p></sec><sec><title>Objetivo</title><p> Evaluar, con SLG, SRs y SRd, pacientes con disfunción diastólica, comparar con individuos sanos y verificar el valor aditivo del método.</p></sec><sec><title>Métodos</title><p> Estudiados 149 pacientes (edad 62,2 ± 10,6 años) con disfunción diastólica (49,7% grado 1; 15,4% grado 2;18,1% grado 3 y 16,8% indeterminada) y 189 individuos sanos (edad 44,5 ± 13,3 años). Medidas dimensiones y función del VI y aurícula izquierda (AI), velocidades Doppler mitral y tisular y sus relaciones, SLG, SRs y SRd del VI. Evaluación de los datos por los tests de Kolmogorov-Smirnoff, Kruskal-Wallis, análisis de regresión múltiple y área bajo la curva ROC. Datos significativos cuando p &lt; 0,05. Resultados: En la disfunción diastólica las dimensiones y grosor del VI estaban aumentadas y se verificó menor FE. El Doppler mitral y tisular estaba alterado y el volumen de la AI y la velocidad de reflujo tricúspide estaban aumentados.El SLG y SRs estaban disminuidos en la disfunción grado 2 y 3 y el SRd disminuido ya en la disfunción grado 1, correlacionándose mejor con la disfunción diastólica. El valor de corte de la curva ROC para el SRd fue 1,0 s-1.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusión</title><p> La disfunción diastólica complementada con strain rate miocárdico parece acrecentar sensibilidad y especificidad en los casos en que la función diastólica es indeterminada, pudiendo ser usado para reclasificar estos pacientes. (Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc. 2017;30(2):46-53)</p></sec></trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Ventricular Dysfunction, Left</kwd><kwd>Compliance/physiology</kwd><kwd>Echocardiography, Doppler</kwd><kwd>Coronary Artery Disease</kwd><kwd>Echocardiography, Stress</kwd></kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt"><kwd>Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda</kwd><kwd>Complacência (Medida de Distensibilidade)/fisiologia</kwd><kwd>Ecocardiografia Doppler</kwd><kwd>Doença da Artéria Coronariana</kwd><kwd>Ecocardiografia sob Estresse</kwd></kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="es"><kwd>Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda</kwd><kwd>Complacencia (Medida de Distensibilidad)/fisiología</kwd><kwd>Ecocardiografía Doppler</kwd><kwd>Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria</kwd><kwd>Ecocardiografía bajo Estrés</kwd></kwd-group>
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