﻿<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article article-type="case-report" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="en" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abcimg</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>ABC Imagem Cardiovascular</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc.</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="epub">2675-312X</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20240080i</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abcimg.20240080i</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Case Report</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Persistent Cephalgia Secondary to Carotid Web</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0002-7353-4444</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Teodoro</surname>
						<given-names>José Aldo Ribeiro</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>statistical analysis and writing of the manuscript</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0006-6310-9777</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Teodoro</surname>
						<given-names>Pedro Bution</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>statistical analysis and writing of the manuscript</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0002-9714-7780</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Teodoro</surname>
						<given-names>Lucas Bution</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>statistical analysis and writing of the manuscript</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0002-0522-9384</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Zandoni</surname>
						<given-names>Marco Antonio</given-names>
						<suffix>Junior</suffix>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>statistical analysis and writing of the manuscript</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0000-2863-0723</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Jemma</surname>
						<given-names>Antônio Pio Maria</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff1">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">PRENOTO Clínica Médica Diagnóstica</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Ribeirão Preto</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">PRENOTO Clínica Médica Diagnóstica, Ribeirão Preto, SP - Brazil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff2">
					<label>2</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Universidade do Oeste Paulista</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Presidente Prudente</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP - Brazil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff3">
					<label>3</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Hospital São Paulo</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Ribeirão Preto</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP - Brazil</institution>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c1">
					<label>Mailing Address:</label><bold>José Aldo Ribeiro Teodoro</bold> PRENOTO Clínica Médica Diagnóstica. Avenida Presidente Vargas, 2001, sala 113. Postal Code: 14020-260. Ribeirão Preto, SP - Brazil, E-mail: <email>jarteodoro@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<p>Editor responsible for the review: Simone Nascimento dos Santos</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="conflict">
					<label>Potential Conflict of Interest</label>
					<p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>19</day>
				<month>03</month>
				<year>2025</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
				<year>2025</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>38</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<elocation-id>e20240080</elocation-id>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received">
					<day>20</day>
					<month>08</month>
					<year>2024</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="rev-recd">
					<day>25</day>
					<month>10</month>
					<year>2024</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted">
					<day>05</day>
					<month>11</month>
					<year>2024</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
					<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<title>Keywords</title>
				<kwd>Headache</kwd>
				<kwd>Internal Carotid Artery</kwd>
				<kwd>Vascular Echo Doppler</kwd>
				<kwd>Carotid Web</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="36"/>
				<table-count count="00"/>
				<equation-count count="00"/>
				<ref-count count="10"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<sec sec-type="intro">
			<title>Introduction</title>
			<p>The Carotid Web (CW) consists of an intraluminal projection of the carotid artery’s intima, forming either as a membrane or tissue fold, and may cause arterial lumen stenosis, disrupt blood flow patterns, leading to vascular embolic events such as a Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> The Carotid Web can be asymptomatic or symptomatic, with symptoms most often presenting as persistent cephalgia (headache). CW is a congenital anomaly of embryological development at the carotid bifurcation level. Currently, due to technological advances, CW is more easily diagnosed through the following diagnostic methods: Color Doppler Echocardiography (CDE), Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA), Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) and Angiography (AGP). CDE is a highly accurate exam, demonstrating high sensitivity (94%) and specificity (92%). However, its positive and negative predictive values can be influenced by the disease’s low prevalence, making the exam highly reliant on a qualified, experienced examiner.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>
			</p>
		</sec>
		<sec>
			<title>Case Report</title>
			<p>Patient P.F.A., a 33-year-old female, consulted a neurologiston December 6, 2023, with a primary complaint of intense, pulsating headaches, typically lasting long periods and predominantly affecting the left side of her head, suggesting possible vasospasm. Physical examination showed no apparent abnormalities, leading to a referral to a vascular surgeon for further investigation of possible vascularrelated headache. A Color Doppler exam of the bilateral carotid and vertebral arteries was performed, diagnosing a Carotid Web in the left carotid artery (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">Figure 1</xref>
				<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F5">5</xref>,<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F6">6</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F7">7</xref>). Imaging revealed afocal, triangular thickening of the intimalmedia layer with parietal irregularities and a small fibrotic area within the intimai layer, where a thin, mobile membrane was observed projecting into the lumen, intermittently contacting the vessel wall. The membrane’s proximal and distal ends were anchored in the internal carotid artery’s proximal segment (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">Figure 2</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F15">Video 2</xref>), which maintained a normal diameter but showed slight bulging and altered flow patterns consistent with the characteristics of a Carotid Membrane. (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F3">Figure 3</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F15">Video 2</xref>). Additionally, an anatomical variation related to the left vertebral artery, originating directly from the aortic arch was also observed in the CDE (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F7">Figure 7</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F8">8</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F14">Video 1</xref>).</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F1">
					<label>Figure 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Cross-section in two-dimensional mode showing a thin membrane crossing the lumen with insertion into the wall of the left proximal internal carotid artery.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf01.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F2">
					<label>Figure 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Longitudinal section in two-dimensional mode showing a triangular shape with a fibrosis point in the intimai layer where the thin membrane projecting into the lumen of the left proximal internal carotid artery is inserted. WEB: Carotid Web; CIE: Left Internal Carotid; CCE: Left Common Carotid.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf02.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F3">
					<label>Figure 3</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Longitudinal section with color Doppler showing a thin membrane inside the lumen of the left proximal internal carotid artery. CIE: Left Internal Carotid; CCE: Left Common Carotid; CEE: Left External Carotid; TS: Superior Thyroid.CEE: Left External Carotid; TS: Superior Thyroid.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf03.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F4">
					<label>Figure 4</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Longitudinal section with spectral pulsed Doppler showing the anterograde flow pattern and no significant increase in velocity in the left proximal internal carotid artery. CIE: Left Internal Carotid.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf04.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F5">
					<label>Figure 5</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Longitudinal section with two-dimensional mode showing intimai thickening and slight bulging of the proximal left internal carotid artery wall. CIE: Left Internal Carotid; CCE: Left Common Carotid.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf05.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F6">
					<label>Figure 6</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Longitudinal section with color Doppler showing the reverse flow division pattern through the presence of the membrane, and slight bulging of the proximal left internal carotid artery wall. CIE: Left Internal Carotid; CCE: Left Common Carotid; CEE: Left External Carotid.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf06.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F7">
					<label>Figure 7</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Cartographic drawing showing the site of the carotid web in the left carotid artery. CED: Right External Carotid; CID: Right Internal Carotid; CCD: Right Common Carotid; CIE: Left Internal Carotid; CCE: Left Common Carotid; CEE: Left External Carotid; TBC: Brachiocephalic Trunk.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf07.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F14">
					<label>Video 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Longitudinal section with convex transducer and color Doppler demonstrating the anatomical variation of the left vertebral artery origin in the aortic arch, and the origins of the other supra-aortic trunk vessels. Em: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://abcimaging. org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_01.mp4">https://abcimaging. org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_01.mp4</ext-link>
						</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf14.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F15">
					<label>Video 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>CDE showing the redundant membrane and flow alteration. Em: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_02.mp4">https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_02.mp4</ext-link>
						</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf15.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>The carotid system on the right side showed normal calibers and preserved flows.</p>
			<p>Angiography (AGP) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F12">Figure 12</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F16">Video 3</xref>) confirmed the presence of the Carotid Web (CW), showing local flow pattern alterations without significant stenosis. Treatment options included clinical, open surgery and endovascular approaches with stent implantation, from which the patient decided on the endovascular therapeutic intervention with placement of a stent<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> in the left carotid, supported by the justification of minimizing the risks for cerebrovascular events, which was performed without angioplasty, having no complications or other relevant findings. At the end of the procedure, a control AGP was performed, still intraoperative (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F13">Figure 13</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F18">Video 5</xref>), where it was possible to note the absence of the aforementioned alterations, presenting only an episode of vasospasm. One month post-procedure, follow-up CDE confirmed that the stent was well-positioned at the site of the CW, with normal, low-resistance anterograde flow and no abnormalities or structural changes Figures (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F9">9</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F10">10</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F11">11</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F17">Video 4</xref>). At follow-ups one and five months later, the patient reported no recurrence of the pulsating headache experienced pre-intervention.</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F8">
					<label>Figure 8</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Longitudinal section with convex transducer and color Doppler demonstrating the anatomical variation of the left vertebral artery origin in the aortic arch, and the origins of the other supra-aortic trunk vessels. TBC: Brachiocephalic Trunk; AVE: Left Vertebral Artery; ASCE: Left Subclavian Artery; CEE: Left External Carotid.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf08.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F9">
					<label>Figure 9</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Longitudinal section with color Doppler showing a patent stent and normal anterograde flow within the left distal common carotid artery, without abnormalities. CCE: Left Common Carotid.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf09.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F10">
					<label>Figure 10</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Longitudinal section with color Doppler showing a patent stent and normal anterograde flow supporting the carotid web within the left proximal internal carotid artery, without abnormalities. CIE: Left Internal Carotid.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf10.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F11">
					<label>Figure 11</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Cartographic drawing showing the stent site in the left carotid artery. CED: Right External Carotid; CID: Right Internal Carotid; CCD: Right Common Carotid; CIE: Left Internal Carotid; CEE: Left External Carotid; CCE: Left Common Carotid; TBC: Brachiocephalic Trunk.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf11.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F12">
					<label>Figure 12</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Preoperative AGP with carotid web (red and black arrow).</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf12.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F13">
					<label>Figure 13</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Trans-operative AGP of the carotid web stent (black arrow), with a slight final vasospasm (red arrow).</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf13.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F16">
					<label>Video 3</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Trans-operative AGP showing the intra-carotid web (Black arrow) and rarefaction of contrast at the site of blood turbulence (Red arrow). Em: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_03.mp4">https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_03.mp4</ext-link>
						</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf16.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F17">
					<label>Video 4</label>
					<caption>
						<title>CDE showing normal flow in the stent. Em: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_04.mp4">https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_04.mp4</ext-link>
						</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf17.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="F18">
					<label>Video 5</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Trans-operative AGP showing well positioned Wallstent Carotid/Boston stent, with disappearance of the mobile membrane (Black arrow). Note the spasm induced by the presence of the stent - “rosary beads” aspect (Red arrow). Em: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_05mp4">https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_05mp4</ext-link>
						</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-gf18.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<sec>
				<title>Literature Review</title>
				<p>The Carotid Web has a 1 -7%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> prevalence, representing up to 37% of cryptogenic ischemic CVAs, that is, of unidentified cause. It is responsible for thrombogenic hemodynamic changes distal to it, which can eventually cause embolization and consequent stroke.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> Histopathologically, this variation (CW) represents a form of fibromuscular dysplasia characterized by intimai fibroelastic hyperplasia in the vascular endothelium, which forms a triangular intraluminal projection, possibly resulting in stenosis, aneurysm, or arterial dissection, and being most commonly found in the renal and carotid arteries.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> In cases involving cervical arteries, typical symptoms include headache, vertigo, and pulsatile tinnitus, with presentation varying based on the CW pattern and degree of arterial narrowing. The carotid murmur may also be noted.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> As described in other cases, distinctive changes have been observed in various blood flow imaging techniques, which may show a triangular isohypoechoic lesion that protrudes, with or without an accompanying membrane, appearing as a punctiform spicule, short or long trabeculae, or web-like structures seen in both axial and longitudinal ultrasound scans. At the same time, color-coded Doppler typically reveals areas of turbulence and reduced flow velocities behind the membrane.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> Though often asymptomatic, this membrane can be redundant and mobile, causing hemodynamic disruptions that may exceed those associated with atherosclerotic disease.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> The main differential diagnosis should consider segmental carotid dissection. Therapeutic follow-up should be tailored to each patient, as no standardized treatment approach is widely accepted in clinical practice. One potential therapeutic strategy includes the use of anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications, recommended for both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients when the goal is to lower the risk of cerebrovascular events, combined with healthier lifestyle changes.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> In patients with a history of CVA, intervention in the affected carotid artery is recommended by the endovascular technique with stent<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>, or open surgery.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec>
				<title>Remarks</title>
				<p>The patient mentioned in this report did not experience thrombotic events, and her symptoms were limited to intense, pulsating, and persistent headaches. The diagnosis was established with Color Doppler Echocardiography (CDE), which detected structural changes, including a mobile and redundant membrane and alterations in the local flow pattern, later confirmed with Carotid Angiography.</p>
			</sec>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="conclusions">
			<title>Conclusion</title>
			<p>CDE is a non-invasive and cost-effective method, comprising a valuable and accurate diagnostic tool for identifying the Carotid Web, and it plays an essential role in treatment planning, directly contributing to improved survival and quality of life for individuals with this condition.</p>
		</sec>
	</body>
	<back>
		<fn-group>
			<fn fn-type="supported-by">
				<label>Sources of Funding</label>
				<p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other">
				<label>Study Association</label>
				<p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other">
				<label>Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate</label>
				<p>This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.</p>
			</fn>
		</fn-group>
		<ref-list>
			<title>References</title>
			<ref id="B1">
				<label>1</label>
				<mixed-citation>1 Natarajan S, Rahul S, Archana R, Sivarajan T. Carotid Web – An Unusual Cause for Ischemic Stroke in a Young Woman. IJVES CInI- Case reports, Innovations and Images. 2023;2(1):21-3. doi: 10.4103/IJCR.IJCR_8_24.</mixed-citation>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Natarajan</surname>
							<given-names>S</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Rahul</surname>
							<given-names>S</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Archana</surname>
							<given-names>R</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Sivarajan</surname>
							<given-names>T.</given-names>
						</name>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Carotid Web – An Unusual Cause for Ischemic Stroke in a Young Woman</article-title>
					<source>IJVES CInI- Case reports, Innovations and Images</source>
					<year>2023</year>
					<volume>2</volume>
					<issue>1</issue>
					<fpage>21</fpage>
					<lpage>23</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4103/IJCR.IJCR_8_24.</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B2">
				<label>2</label>
				<mixed-citation>2 Patel SD, Otite FO, Topiwala K, Saber H, Kaneko N, Sussman E, et al. Interventional Compared with Medical Management of Symptomatic Carotid Web: A Systematic Review. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2022;31(10):106682. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106682.</mixed-citation>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Patel</surname>
							<given-names>SD</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Otite</surname>
							<given-names>FO</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Topiwala</surname>
							<given-names>K</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Saber</surname>
							<given-names>H</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Kaneko</surname>
							<given-names>N</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Sussman</surname>
							<given-names>E</given-names>
						</name>
						<etal/>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Interventional Compared with Medical Management of Symptomatic Carotid Web: A Systematic Review</article-title>
					<source>J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis</source>
					<year>2022</year>
					<volume>31</volume>
					<issue>10</issue>
					<fpage>106682</fpage>
					<lpage>106682</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106682.</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B3">
				<label>3</label>
				<mixed-citation>3 Kamatani K, Yoshida S, Tashiro N, Hashiguchi Y, Takigawa K, Yasaka M, et al. The Case of Treatment for Carotid Web - Double-Layer Micromesh Stent Implantation in Our Hospital. Surg Neurol Int. 2023;14:339. doi: 10.25259/SNI_525_2023.</mixed-citation>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Kamatani</surname>
							<given-names>K</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Yoshida</surname>
							<given-names>S</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Tashiro</surname>
							<given-names>N</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Hashiguchi</surname>
							<given-names>Y</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Takigawa</surname>
							<given-names>K</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Yasaka</surname>
							<given-names>M</given-names>
						</name>
						<etal/>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>The Case of Treatment for Carotid Web - Double-Layer Micromesh Stent Implantation in Our Hospital</article-title>
					<source>Surg Neurol Int</source>
					<year>2023</year>
					<volume>14</volume>
					<fpage>339</fpage>
					<lpage>339</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25259/SNI_525_2023.</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B4">
				<label>4</label>
				<mixed-citation>4 Park CC, El Sayed R, Risk BB, Haussen DC, Nogueira RG, Oshinski JN, et al. Carotid Webs Produce Greater Hemodynamic Disturbances than Atherosclerotic Disease: A DSA Time-density Curve Study. J Neurointerv Surg. 2022;14(7):729-33. doi: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2021-017588.</mixed-citation>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Park</surname>
							<given-names>CC</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>El Sayed</surname>
							<given-names>R</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Risk</surname>
							<given-names>BB</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Haussen</surname>
							<given-names>DC</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Nogueira</surname>
							<given-names>RG</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Oshinski</surname>
							<given-names>JN</given-names>
						</name>
						<etal/>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Carotid Webs Produce Greater Hemodynamic Disturbances than Atherosclerotic Disease: A DSA Time-density Curve Study</article-title>
					<source>J Neurointerv Surg</source>
					<year>2022</year>
					<volume>14</volume>
					<issue>7</issue>
					<fpage>729</fpage>
					<lpage>733</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1136/neurintsurg-2021-017588.</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B5">
				<label>5</label>
				<mixed-citation>5 Fontaine L, Guidolin B, Viguier A, Gollion C, Barbieux M, Larrue V. Ultrasound Characteristics of Carotid Web. J Neuroimaging. 2022;32(5):894-901. doi: 10.1111/jon.13022.</mixed-citation>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Fontaine</surname>
							<given-names>L</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Guidolin</surname>
							<given-names>B</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Viguier</surname>
							<given-names>A</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Gollion</surname>
							<given-names>C</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Barbieux</surname>
							<given-names>M</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Larrue</surname>
							<given-names>V.</given-names>
						</name>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Ultrasound Characteristics of Carotid Web</article-title>
					<source>J Neuroimaging</source>
					<year>2022</year>
					<volume>32</volume>
					<issue>5</issue>
					<fpage>894</fpage>
					<lpage>901</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1111/jon.13022.</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B6">
				<label>6</label>
				<mixed-citation>6 Touzé E, Southerland AM, Boulanger M, Labeyrie PE, Azizi M, Bouatia-Naji N, et al. Fibromuscular Dysplasia and Its Neurologic Manifestations: A Systematic Review. JAMA Neurol. 2019;76(2):217-26. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.2848.</mixed-citation>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Touzé</surname>
							<given-names>E</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Southerland</surname>
							<given-names>AM</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Boulanger</surname>
							<given-names>M</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Labeyrie</surname>
							<given-names>PE</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Azizi</surname>
							<given-names>M</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Bouatia-Naji</surname>
							<given-names>N</given-names>
						</name>
						<etal/>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Fibromuscular Dysplasia and Its Neurologic Manifestations: A Systematic Review</article-title>
					<source>JAMA Neurol</source>
					<year>2019</year>
					<volume>76</volume>
					<issue>2</issue>
					<fpage>217</fpage>
					<lpage>226</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.2848.</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B7">
				<label>7</label>
				<mixed-citation>7 Ristow AVB, Massière B, Meirelles GV, Casella IB, Morales MM, Moreira RCR, et al. Brazilian Angiology and Vascular Surgery Society Guidelines for the Treatment of Extracranial Cerebrovascular Disease. J Vasc Bras. 2024;23:e20230094. doi: 10.1590/1677-5449.202300942.</mixed-citation>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Ristow</surname>
							<given-names>AVB</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Massière</surname>
							<given-names>B</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Meirelles</surname>
							<given-names>GV</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Casella</surname>
							<given-names>IB</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Morales</surname>
							<given-names>MM</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Moreira</surname>
							<given-names>RCR</given-names>
						</name>
						<etal/>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Brazilian Angiology and Vascular Surgery Society Guidelines for the Treatment of Extracranial Cerebrovascular Disease</article-title>
					<source>J Vasc Bras</source>
					<year>2024</year>
					<volume>23</volume>
					<elocation-id>e20230094</elocation-id>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/1677-5449.202300942.</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B8">
				<label>8</label>
				<mixed-citation>8 Ben Z, Wang J, Zhan J, Chen S. Ultrasonic Characteristics of Carotid Webs. Neuroradiology. 2022;64(1):95-98. doi: 10.1007/s00234-021-02757-0.</mixed-citation>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Ben</surname>
							<given-names>Z</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Wang</surname>
							<given-names>J</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Zhan</surname>
							<given-names>J</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Chen</surname>
							<given-names>S.</given-names>
						</name>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Ultrasonic Characteristics of Carotid Webs</article-title>
					<source>Neuroradiology</source>
					<year>2022</year>
					<volume>64</volume>
					<issue>1</issue>
					<fpage>95</fpage>
					<lpage>98</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s00234-021-02757-0.</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B9">
				<label>9</label>
				<mixed-citation>9 Vukasović R, Pintarić M, Lovrenčić-Huzjan A. Headache as a Symptom of Carotid Web. Archives of Psychiatry Research. 2023; 59:133-6. DOI:10.20471/may.2023.59.01.19.</mixed-citation>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Vukasović</surname>
							<given-names>R</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Pintarić</surname>
							<given-names>M</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Lovrenčić-Huzjan</surname>
							<given-names>A.</given-names>
						</name>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Headache as a Symptom of Carotid Web</article-title>
					<source>Archives of Psychiatry Research</source>
					<year>2023</year>
					<volume>59</volume>
					<fpage>133</fpage>
					<lpage>136</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20471/may.2023.59.01.19.</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B10">
				<label>10</label>
				<mixed-citation>10 Engelhorn AN, Engelhorn CA, Morais DM Filho, Barros FS, Coelho NA, editors. Guia Prático de Ultrassonografia Vascular. Rio de Janeiro: DiLivros; 2019.</mixed-citation>
				<element-citation publication-type="book">
					<person-group person-group-type="editor">
						<name>
							<surname>Engelhorn</surname>
							<given-names>AN</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Engelhorn</surname>
							<given-names>CA</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Morais</surname>
							<given-names>DM</given-names>
							<suffix>Filho</suffix>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Barros</surname>
							<given-names>FS</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Coelho</surname>
							<given-names>NA</given-names>
						</name>
					</person-group>
					<source>Guia Prático de Ultrassonografia Vascular</source>
					<publisher-loc>Rio de Janeiro</publisher-loc>
					<publisher-name>DiLivros</publisher-name>
					<year>2019</year>
				</element-citation>
			</ref>
		</ref-list>
	</back>
	<sub-article article-type="translation" id="S1" xml:lang="pt">
		<front-stub>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20240080</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Relato de Caso</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Cefaléia Persistente Secundária a Membrana Carotídea (“<italic>Carotid Web</italic>”)</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0002-7353-4444</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Teodoro</surname>
						<given-names>José Aldo Ribeiro</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">1</xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>análise estatística</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0006-6310-9777</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Teodoro</surname>
						<given-names>Pedro Bution</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1002">2</xref>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>análise estatística</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0002-9714-7780</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Teodoro</surname>
						<given-names>Lucas Bution</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1002">2</xref>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>análise estatística</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0002-0522-9384</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Zandoni</surname>
						<given-names>Marco Antonio</given-names>
						<suffix>Junior</suffix>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1002">2</xref>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>análise estatística</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0000-2863-0723</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Jemma</surname>
						<given-names>Antônio Pio Maria</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1003">3</xref>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff1001">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="original">PRENOTO Clínica Médica Diagnóstica, Ribeirão Preto, SP - Brasil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff1002">
					<label>2</label>
					<institution content-type="original">Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, SP - Brasil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff1003">
					<label>3</label>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP - Brasil</institution>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c2">
					<label>Correspondência:</label><bold>José Aldo Ribeiro Teodoro</bold> PRENOTO Clínica Médica Diagnóstica. Avenida Presidente Vargas, 2001, sala 11 3. CEP: 14020-260. Ribeirão Preto, SP - Brasil, E-mail: <email>jarteodoro@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<p>Editor responsável pela revisão: Simone Nascimento dos Santos</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other">
					<label>Potencial Conflito de Interesse</label>
					<p>Declaro não haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
				<title>Palavras-chave</title>
				<kwd>Cefaleia</kwd>
				<kwd>Artéria Carótida Interna</kwd>
				<kwd>Ecografia Vascular com Doppler</kwd>
				<kwd>Membrana Carotidea</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<sec sec-type="intro">
				<title>Introdução</title>
				<p>A Membrana Carotídea (<italic>“Carotid Web”</italic> - MC) compreende uma projeção intraluminal da túnica íntima da artéria carótida, seja por membrana ou por dobra tecidual, podendo ser responsável por estenose do lúmen arterial, alteração do padrão do fluxo sanguíneo e por conseguinte, causar eventos embólicos vasculares como acidente vascular encefálico (AVE).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> Pode ser tanto assintomática quanto sintomática, se manifestando principalmente como cefaléia persistente. A MC é uma anomalia congênita do desenvolvimento embriológico ao nível da bifurcação carotídea. Atualmente, face aos avanços tecnológicos, a MC é mais facilmente diagnosticada através dos métodos diagnósticos: Eco-Doppler Colorido (EDC), Angiotomografia Computadorizada (ATC), Angiorressonância Magnética (ARM) e Angiografia (ACF). O EDC é um exame de alta acurácia, com sensibilidade (94%) e especificidade (92%) elevadas, devendo se considerar que o valor preditivo positivo e o valor preditivo negativo são influenciados pela baixa prevalência da enfermidade, sendo sempre totalmente dependente de um profissional examinador qualificado e bem preparado.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>
				</p>
			</sec>
			<sec>
				<title>Relato de Caso</title>
				<p>Paciente P.F.A. sexo feminino, 33 anos, passou por consulta com o neurologista no dia 06/12/2023 com a queixa principal de cefaléia pulsátil com intensidade de grau acentuado e frequentemente persistindo por longos períodos, predominantemente hemicraniana esquerda, caracterizando provável vasoespasmo, consulta a qual o exame físico não evidenciou alterações aparentes, e por conseguinte, encaminhou a paciente para um angiologista cirurgião vascular, pois houvera uma hipótese diagnostica de cefaléia consequente a alterações vasculares. Foi solicitado o exame Doppler Colorido dos vasos cervicais arteriais bilaterais (Carótidas e Vertebrais), obtendo o diagnóstico de Membrana Carotídea (<italic>“Carotid Web”</italic> - MC) na artéria Carótida esquerda (Figuras <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F19">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F20">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F21">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F22">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F23">5</xref>,<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F24">6</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F25">7</xref>). Observou-se um espessamento da camada média-intimal focal e de forma triangular, com irregularidade parietal e pequena área de fibrose na capa intimai, onde se evidenciou a origem de uma fina membrana móvel, com redundância, no interior luminal e tocando intermitentemente na parede interna do vaso, com as extremidades de inserção proximal e distai no segmento proximal da Carótida interna (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F20">Figura 2</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F33">Vídeo 2</xref>), exibindo calibre normal, porém com ligeiro abaulamento local, apresentando alteração do padrão do fluxo, com as características de MC (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F21">Figura 3</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F33">Vídeo 2</xref>). Ademais, observou-se, também, no EDC, a presença de uma variação anatômica relacionada à artéria vertebral esquerda que apresenta origem diretamente no arco aórtico. (Figuras <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F25">7</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F26">8</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F32">Vídeo 1</xref>).</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F19">
						<label>Figura 1</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Corte transversal com o modo bidimensional mostrando a presença de fina membrana cruzando o lúmen com inserção na parede da Carótida interna proximal esquerda.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf01.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F20">
						<label>Figura 2</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Corte longitudinal com o modo bidimensional mostrando a presença da forma triangular com ponto de fibrose na camada intimai onde se insere a fina membrana que se projeta no lúmen da Carótida interna proximal esquerda. WEB: Carotid Web; CIE: Carótida Interna Esquerda; CCE: Carótida Comum Esquerda.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf02.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F21">
						<label>Figura 3</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Corte longitudinal com Doppler colorido mostrando fina membrana no interior do lúmen da Carótida interna proximal esquerda. CIE: Carótida Interna Esquerda; CCE: Carótida Comum Esquerda; CEE: Carótida Externa Esquerda; TS: Tireoideia Superior</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf03.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F22">
						<label>Figura 4</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Corte longitudinal com Doppler pulsado espectral mostrando o padrão de fluxo anterógrade e sem aumento significativo de velocidade na Carótida interna proximal esquerda. CIE: Carótida Interna Esquerda.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf04.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F23">
						<label>Figura 5</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Corte longitudinal com o modo bidimensional mostrando a presença do espessamento intimai e discreto abaulamento da parede da Carótida interna proximal esquerda. CIE: Carótida Interna Esquerda; CCE: Carótida Comum Esquerda</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf05.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F24">
						<label>Figura 6</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Corte longitudinal com o Doppler colorido mostrando o padrão de divisão do fluxo reverso pela presença da membrana, e o discreto abaulamento da parede da Carótida interna proximal esquerda. CIE: Carótida Interna Esquerda; CCE: Carótida Comum Esquerda; CEE: Carótida Externa Esquerda.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf06.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F25">
						<label>Figura 7</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Desenho cartográfico mostrando o sítio da MC na Carótida esquerda. CED: Carótida Externa Direita; CID: Carótida Interna Direita; CCD: Carótida Comum Direita; CIE: Carótida Interna Esquerda; CCE: Carótida Comum Esquerda; CEE: Carótida Externa Esquerda; TBC: Tronco Braquiocefálico.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf07.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F26">
						<label>Figura 8</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Corte longitudinal com transdutor convexo e o Doppler colorido demonstrando a variação anatômica da origem da artéria vertebral esquerda no arco aórtico, e as origens dos demais vasos dos troncos supra-aórticos. TBC: Tronco Braquiocefálico; AVE: Artéria Vertebral Esquerda; ASCE: Artéria Subclávia Esquerda; CEE: Carótida Externa Esquerda.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf08.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F32">
						<label>Vídeo 1</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Corte longitudinal com transdutor convexo e o Doppler colorido demonstrando a variação anatômica da origem da artéria vertebral esquerda no arco aórtico, e as origens dos demais vasos dos troncos supra-aórticos. Em: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_01.mp4">https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_01.mp4</ext-link>
							</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf14.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F33">
						<label>Vídeo 2</label>
						<caption>
							<title>ECD mostrando a membrana redundante e alteração do fluxo. Em: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_02.mp4">https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_02.mp4</ext-link>
							</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf15.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>O sistema carotídeo do lado direito apresentava calibres e fluxos preservados normais.</p>
				<p>Foi realizada a angiografia (ACF) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F30">Figura 12</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F34">Vídeo 3</xref>) que evidenciou a MC com alteração do padrão do fluxo local e sem estenose significativa. Dentre as indicações de tratamentos apresentadas, clínico, cirurgia aberta e endovascular com implante de “<italic>stent”,</italic> a paciente decidiu, de forma convicta e pessoal, pela intervenção terapêutica endovascular com colocação de “<italic>stent”</italic><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> na carótida esquerda, suportada pela justificativa maior de minimizar os riscos para eventos cerebrovasculares, a qual foi realizada sem a angioplastia, sem intercorrências e ausência de outros achados. Ao término do procedimento, foi realizada uma ACF controle, ainda peroperatória (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F31">Figura 13</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F36">Vídeo 5</xref>), onde pode-se notar a ausência das alterações supracitadas, somente apresentando episódio de vasoespasmo. Após um mês da intervenção endovascular foi solicitado um controle com o EDC, evidenciando a presença do “<italic>stent”</italic> posicionado adequadamente no sítio referido à MC do lado esquerdo, apresentando perviedade com fluxo anterógrado normal de baixa resistência, sem anormalidades ou alterações estruturais (Figuras <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F27">9</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F28">10</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F29">11</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F35">Vídeo 4</xref>). Em seguimentos subsequentes, um mês e cinco meses, a paciente relatou que desde o pós-intervenção imediato não apresentou mais a cefaleia pulsátil.</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F27">
						<label>Figura 9</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Corte longitudinal com Doppler colorido mostrando a presença do “stent” pérvio e com fluxo anterógrado normal no interior da Carótida comum distai esquerda, sem anormalidades. CCE: Carótida Comum Esquerda.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf09.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F28">
						<label>Figura 10</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Corte longitudinal com Doppler colorido mostrando a presença do “stent” pérvio e com fluxo anterógrado normal amparando a MC no interior a Carótida interna proximal esquerda, sem anormalidades. CIE: Carótida Interna Esquerda.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf10.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F29">
						<label>Figura 11</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Desenho cartográfico mostrando o sítio do “stent” na Carótida esquerda. CED: Carótida Externa Direita; CID: Carótida Interna Direita; CCD: Carótida Comum Direita; CIE: Carótida Interna Esquerda; CEE: Carótida Externa Esquerda; CCE: Carótida Comum Esquerda; TBC: Tronco Braquiocefálico.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf11.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F30">
						<label>Figura 12</label>
						<caption>
							<title>AGF pré-operatória com MC (seta vermelha e preta).</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf12.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F31">
						<label>Figura 13</label>
						<caption>
							<title>AGF trans-operatória “stent” de MC (seta preta), com presença ainda de discreto vasoespasmo final (seta vermelha).</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf13.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F34">
						<label>Vídeo 3</label>
						<caption>
							<title>CAGE trans-operatória mostrando a membrana intra-carotídea (Seta preta) e rarefação de contraste no local do turbilhonamento do sangue (Seta vermelha). Em: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_03.mp4">https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_03.mp4</ext-link>
							</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf16.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F35">
						<label>Vídeo 4</label>
						<caption>
							<title>ECD mostrando o fluxo normal no “stent”. Em: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_04.mp4">https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_04.mp4</ext-link>
							</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf17.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="F36">
						<label>Vídeo 5</label>
						<caption>
							<title>AGE trans-operatória mostrando stent Wallstent Carotídeo /Boston bem posicionado, com desparecimento da membrana móvel (Seta preta). Notar o espasmo induzido pela presença do “stent” - aspecto de contas de rosário (Seta vermelha). Em: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_05.mp4">https://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2025/3801/2024_0080_video_05.mp4</ext-link>
							</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-1-e20240080-pt-gf18.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<sec>
					<title>Revisão de Literatura</title>
					<p>A MC apresenta uma prevalência de 1-7%,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> sendo responsável por até 37% dos AVCs isquêmicos criptogênicos, ou seja, de causa não identificada. A MC é responsável por alterações hemodinâmicas trombogênicas distais a mesma, a qual eventualmente pode causar embolização e consequente acidente vascular cerebral.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> Essa variação, MC, trata-se histopatologicamente de uma displasia fibromuscular, sendo uma hiperplasia celular fibroelástica intimai no endotélio vascular que projeta-se com formato triangular intraluminal e pode gerar estenose, aneurisma ou dissecção arterial, sendo mais comum nas artérias renais e carótidas.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> A sintomatologia mais comum, para ambas, quando ocorre em artérias cervicais são a cefaléia, a vertigem e os <italic>tinnitus</italic> pulsáteis, sendo variáveis dependendo do padrão de apresentação da MC e do grau de estreitamento arterial, podendo, semiologicamente, apresentar sopro carotideo.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> Conforme descrito em outros casos, relatase alterações características em técnicas de imagem de fluxo sanguíneo variáveis, sendo lesão iso-hipoecóica triangular protuberante, sem ou com membrana que pode ser espicular puntiforme, trabecular curta ou longa e em forma de teia, vistos nas insonações axial e longitudinal de ultrassom, enquanto o doppler codificado por cores apresenta, principalmente, áreas de turbulência e baixas velocidades de fluxo posterior à membrana.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> Embora ocorra principalmente de forma assintomática, essa membrana pode se apresentar com redundância, móvel, podendo produzir distúrbios hemodinâmicos maiores que a própria doença aterosclerótica.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> Como principal diagnóstico diferencial deve-se considerar a dissecção carotídea segmentar. O prosseguimento terapêutico deve ser individualizado, pois não existem abordagens amplamente consistentes na prática clínica. Uma das possíveis medidas terapêuticas consiste na utilização de medicação anticoagulante e/ou antiagregantes plaquetários, tanto para pacientes sintomáticos quanto assintomáticos, quando o foco objetiva a diminuição do risco de eventos cerebrovasculares, associada a mudança do estilo de vida.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> Em pacientes com histórico de AVE, é recomendada a intervenção na Carótida acometida pela técnica endovascular com “<italic>stent”,</italic><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> ou pela cirurgia aberta.</p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Comentários</title>
					<p>A paciente supracitada no relato não apresentou eventos trombogênicos e as suas repercussões sintomáticas se limitaram a cefaléia intensa pulsátil e persistente, sendo efetuado o diagnóstico com o Eco-Doppler Colorido (EDC), evidenciando alterações estruturais com membrana móvel e redundante, exibindo alteração do padrão de fluxo local, sendo posteriormente corroboradas com a ACF das Carótidas.</p>
				</sec>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="conclusions">
				<title>Conclusão</title>
				<p>O EDC é não invasivo e de baixo custo e se coloca como um método diagnóstico de extrema relevância e precisão para a identificação do MC, colaborando com o planejamento terapêutico adequado e impactando, assim, diretamente na sobrevida e na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos portadores dessa enfermidade.</p>
			</sec>
		</body>
		<back>
			<fn-group>
				<fn fn-type="supported-by">
					<label>Fontes de Financiamento</label>
					<p>O presente estudo não teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other">
					<label>Vinculação Acadêmica</label>
					<p>Não há vinculação deste estudo a programas de pósgraduação.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other">
					<label>Aprovação Ética e Consentimento Informado</label>
					<p>Este artigo não contém estudos com humanos ou animais realizados por nenhum dos autores.</p>
				</fn>
			</fn-group>
		</back>
	</sub-article>
</article>