<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="en" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abcimg</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>ABC Imagem Cardiovascular</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc.</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="epub">2675-312X</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20240124i</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abcimg.20240124i</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Original Article</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>First Percutaneous Orthotopic Tricuspid Valve Implantations using the LuX-Valve Plus Device in Latin America: Report of the First Three Cases</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0003-0825-2982</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Esteves</surname>
						<given-names>Fernanda</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research and acquisition of data</role>
					<role>Analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>statistical analysis</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript and critical revision of the manuscript for intelectual content</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1152-8946</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Esteves</surname>
						<given-names>Vinícius</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research and acquisition of data</role>
					<role>Analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>statistical analysis</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript and critical revision of the manuscript for intelectual content</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7900-6506</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Pereira</surname>
						<given-names>Marcio Mendes</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research and acquisition of data</role>
					<role>Analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>statistical analysis</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript and critical revision of the manuscript for intelectual content</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"><sup>4</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8258-0584</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Mancuso</surname>
						<given-names>Frederico José Neves</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research and acquisition of data</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"><sup>5</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2047-0582</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Tebet</surname>
						<given-names>Marden</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research and acquisition of data</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>6</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0656-147X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Kreimer</surname>
						<given-names>Sergio</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research and acquisition of data</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"><sup>6</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0001-2813-0136</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Araújo</surname>
						<given-names>Edmur Carlos de</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research and acquisition of data</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"><sup>7</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3776-1914</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Magalhães</surname>
						<given-names>Francisco Monteiro de Almeida</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research and acquisition of data</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff1">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Vila Nova Star</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">São Paulo</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital Vila Nova Star, São Paulo, SP – Brazil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff2">
					<label>2</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Hospital e Maternidade São Luiz</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">São Paulo</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital e Maternidade São Luiz, São Paulo, SP – Brazil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff3">
					<label>3</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Rede D’Or</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">São Paulo</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Rede D’Or, São Paulo, SP – Brazil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff4">
					<label>4</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">UDI Hospital</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">São Luis</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">MA</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">UDI Hospital, São Luis, MA – Brazil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff5">
					<label>5</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de São Paulo</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">São Paulo</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP – Brazil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff6">
					<label>6</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Hospital e Maternidade Brasil</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Santo André</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital e Maternidade Brasil, Santo André, SP – Brazil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff7">
					<label>7</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Hospital do Coração do Brasil</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Brasília</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">DF</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital do Coração do Brasil, Brasília, DF – Brazil</institution>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c1">
					<label>Mailing Address:</label><bold>Marcio Mendes Pereira</bold> • UDI Hospital. AV. Prof. Carlos Cunha, 2000. Postal Code: <postal-code>65076-820</postal-code>. Jaracti, São Luis, MA – Brazil E-mail: <email>marciomp50@hotmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="conflict">
					<label>Potential Conflict of Interest</label>
					<p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<label>Editor responsible for the review:</label>
					<p>Marcelo Tavares</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>28</day>
				<month>03</month>
				<year>2025</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
				<year>2025</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>38</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<elocation-id>e20240124</elocation-id>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received">
					<day>03</day>
					<month>12</month>
					<year>2024</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="rev-recd">
					<day>16</day>
					<month>02</month>
					<year>2025</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted">
					<day>17</day>
					<month>02</month>
					<year>2025</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
					<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<abstract>
				<title>Abstract</title>
				<sec>
					<title>Background:</title>
					<p>Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with contraindications for surgery. Transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative for this population, with the LuX-Valve Plus device designed for orthotopic implantation via the transjugular route.</p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Objective:</title>
					<p>To report the first 3 cases of transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement using the LuX-Valve Plus device in Latin America, assessing the feasibility, safety, and immediate clinical outcomes.</p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Methods:</title>
					<p>The study included 3 female patients with torrential TR and high surgical risk. Pre-procedure assessment included transesophageal echocardiography, 3-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (3D TEE), computed tomography, and cardiac catheterization. The procedure was performed via transjugular access, under general anesthesia, with 3D TEE and fluoroscopy guidance. Implant efficacy was assessed as resolution of TR, transprosthetic gradient, and post-procedure complications.</p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Results:</title>
					<p>The implants were successful in all cases, with complete resolution of TR, absence of paravalvular leaks, and adequate transprosthetic gradient. Right ventricular function was preserved, and all patients were discharged 3 to 4 days after the procedure with no significant complications.</p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Conclusion:</title>
					<p>Transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement using the LuX-Valve Plus was shown to be a viable and safe alternative for patients with severe TR and high surgical risk. The use of 3D TEE was essential to the planning and execution of the implant. Further studies are needed to assess durability and long-term clinical outcomes.</p>
				</sec>
			</abstract>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<title>Keywords:</title>
				<kwd>Tricuspid Valve</kwd>
				<kwd>Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency</kwd>
				<kwd>Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement</kwd>
				<kwd>Transesophageal Echocardiography</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="16"/>
				<table-count count="0"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="9"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<sec sec-type="intro">
			<title>Introduction</title>
			<p>Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is frequently functional, resulting from dilation of the tricuspid annulus in conditions such as valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and pulmonary hypertension. Primary cases may be associated with rheumatic disease or post-surgical complications. When severe and untreated, TR leads to right ventricular dysfunction, worsening prognosis and increasing morbidity and mortality.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Tricuspid valve replacement surgery is characterized by high risk in patients with comorbidities, such as right heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Transcatheter replacement has emerged as a promising alternative, but there are still challenges related to the complex anatomical characteristics of the tricuspid valve.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
			<p>The LuX-Valve Plus device (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 1</xref>) is a self-expandable prosthesis implanted via a transjugular approach that was designed to overcome these limitations. This article reports the first 3 cases of transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement using the LuX-Valve Plus in Latin America, assessing the feasibility, safety, and immediate clinical outcomes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup></p>
			<fig id="f1">
				<caption>
					<title>Echocardiographic assessment after LuX-Valve Plus implantation in the 3 cases, illustrating the following: (A) the mean gradient, (B) the positioning of the delivery system, (C) the resolution of TR, and (D) 3-dimensional reconstructions of the implanted valve, demonstrating the efficacy of the transcatheter approach.</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-gf01.tif"/>
			</fig>
			<fig id="f2">
				<label>Figure 1</label>
				<caption>
					<title>The LuX-Valve Plus device: (a) bird tongue-shaped ventricular septal anchor; (b) bovine pericardial prosthetic valve; (c) leaflet graspers; (d) a self-expanding nitinol valve stent consisting of an atrial disc.</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-gf02.tif"/>
			</fig>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="methods">
			<title>Methods</title>
			<p>Three female patients with torrential TR were treated. Two had atrial functional TR, and the third had mixed etiology related to mitral prosthesis and pacemaker leads. All patients had a history of decompensated heart failure, with predominance of systemic congestive symptoms.</p>
			<p>The decision for transcatheter treatment was based on high surgical risk and favorable anatomy. Assessment included transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, computed tomography, and right chamber catheterization, allowing for detailed planning. Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) was essential for analysis of regurgitation, valve anatomy, and right ventricular function.</p>
			<sec>
				<title>Transcatheter procedure</title>
				<p>Procedures were performed via transjugular access, under general anesthesia, with 3D TEE and fluoroscopy guidance. Critical steps included the following:</p>
				<list list-type="order">
					<list-item>
						<p>Positioning of the delivery system in the right atrium (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">Figure 2</xref>).</p>
					</list-item>
					<list-item>
						<p>Centering and coaxiality in the tricuspid annulus (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">Figure 3</xref>).</p>
					</list-item>
					<list-item>
						<p>Implantation and anchoring of the device in the interventricular septum (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f5">Figures 4</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f6">5</xref>).</p>
					</list-item>
					<list-item>
						<p>Final assessment to rule out paravalvular leaks and obstructions (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f7">Figures 6</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f8">7</xref>).</p>
					</list-item>
				</list>
				<fig id="f3">
					<label>Figure 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography with biplane images (multi-D or X-plane) based on the short-axis view, showing the process of guiding the delivery system (red star) through the valve and into the right ventricle. (A) The super stiff guidewire advancing into the right atrium (red star). (B) The delivery system has reached the tricuspid valve orifice. (C) The delivery system has crossed the tricuspid valve. (D) After crossing the tricuspid valve, 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography imaging with multiplane reconstruction to guide the coaxiality of the delivery system. LA: left atrium; RA: right atrium; RV: right ventricle.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-gf03.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f4">
					<label>Figure 3</label>
					<caption>
						<title>(A) Measurement of the insertion depth of the delivery system (red star). The implantation depth is 3.3 cm. (B) After coaxialization, the delivery system was positioned in the central axis of the tricuspid valve, perpendicular to the annular plane. RA: right atrium; RV: right ventricle.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-gf04.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f5">
					<label>Figure 4</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Confirmation of leaflet capture by grasper. In the short-axis view, two graspers (red and green stars) can be observed. (A) In the multi-D or X-plane in the RV inflow-outflow view, the sampling cursor is first positioned on the anterior grasper (red star) near the aorta. The grasper can be seen below the anterior tricuspid leaflet (blue arrow) in the corresponding orthogonal plane. (B) In the multi-D or X-plane in the RV inflow-outflow view, the sampling cursor is positioned on the posterior grasper (green star) away from the aorta. The grasper can be seen below the posterior tricuspid leaflet (blue arrow) in the corresponding orthogonal plane. RA: right atrium; RV: right ventricle.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-gf05.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f6">
					<label>Figure 5</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Different ways to analyze septal anchoring. (A) Real-time 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography imaging, mid-esophageal 4-chamber view, showing septal anchorage (red star). (B) Multi-D or X-plane 4-chamber view of the mid-esophagus. Left: the anchor aligns parallel and attaches to the septum (red star). Right: the anchor attaches to the septum (red star). (C) Short-axis view of the right ventricle through the transgastric window showing septal anchorage (red star). (D) Real-time 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography imaging, mid-esophageal 4-chamber view, showing septal anchoring (red star).</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-gf06.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f7">
					<label>Figure 6</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Assessment of prosthetic valve function. (A) Determination of the position and degree of paravalvular regurgitation. In the biplane RV inflow-outflow view, a mild paravalvular leak was observed, located in the anterior topography. (B) After fine adjustment and repositioning of the prosthesis, it was possible to correct the paravalvular leak with an excellent final result. (C) Analysis of transprosthetic gradients. RV: right ventricle.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-gf07.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f8">
					<label>Figure 7</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Assessment of prosthetic valve function. (A) Three-dimensional imaging of the atrial face of the LuX-Valve Plus, showing the right atrial disc (D-shaped) and stent (the circular structure in the middle). (B) Three-dimensional imaging of the ventricular face of the LuX-Valve Plus, showing 2 graspers, known as &quot;rabbit ears&quot; (red star).</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-gf08.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<p>Prosthesis sizes ranged from 30/50 mm, 30/55 mm, and 30/45 mm, adjusted to tricuspid anatomy. Intraoperative echocardiographic monitoring was crucial for successful implantation and rapid patient recovery.</p>
			</sec>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="results">
			<title>Results</title>
			<p>All 3 transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement procedures with the LuX-Valve Plus device were conducted successfully, by means of transjugular access with 3D TEE and fluoroscopy guidance. Implantation was performed without significant complications, with appropriate prosthesis positioning in all cases.</p>
			<p>Following the procedure, complete resolution of TR was observed in all 3 patients, accompanied by preserved right ventricular function. The mean transvalvular gradient remained within physiological limits, with no evidence of relevant stenosis. Moreover, the patients showed rapid clinical recovery, without requiring hemodynamic support and no serious complications during the initial follow-up period.</p>
			<p>Echocardiographic analysis demonstrated adequate adaptation of the prosthesis to the tricuspid annulus, without signs of displacement or valve dysfunction. These findings reinforce the safety and efficacy of the minimally invasive approach using the LuX-Valve Plus device in patients with high surgical risk (Central Illustration).</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="discussion">
			<title>Discussion</title>
			<p>Severe TR, previously considered of minor clinical relevance, has been associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes, including right ventricular dysfunction and increased morbidity and mortality. Multiple recent studies have demonstrated that the severity of TR is directly correlated with worse clinical outcomes, regardless of other parameters, such as pulmonary artery pressure and left ventricular ejection fraction.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Moreover, a large retrospective study found that even mild TR is associated with significantly worse clinical outcomes compared with the absence of any trace of regurgitation, reinforcing the need for early and effective therapeutic approaches.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup></p>
			<p>Transcatheter approaches, such as the LuX-Valve Plus, represent an important advance in cardiovascular medicine, offering new therapeutic perspectives for a challenging condition, with a substantial impact on patient quality of life and morbidity. Although conventional treatment, which includes medical therapy and open surgery, has shown limited benefits in many cases, transcatheter alternatives, such as implantation of tricuspid valve repair devices, have emerged as promising options, promoting a minimally invasive approach. These interventions have the potential to significantly expand therapeutic options for patients with refractory TR, especially those who are not ideal candidates for traditional surgery.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
			<p>A recent study including 76 patients undergoing LuX-Valve Plus implantation observed a significant reduction in TR to ≤ 2+ in 94.7% of cases and ≤ 1+ in 90.8%, with sustained results after 1 month. In-hospital mortality was 5.3%, and major events were infrequent, demonstrating the safety and efficacy of the transcatheter approach, even in complex anatomies.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup></p>
			<p>In this report, the device demonstrated safety and efficacy, with positive immediate outcomes, standing out as a promising option for the management of TR. The use of 3D TEE was essential to planning and execution, allowing detailed visualization of the tricuspid annulus and accurate guidance of the delivery system.</p>
			<p>Compared to existing transcatheter alternatives, the LuX-Valve Plus offers benefits due to its anatomical adaptation and post-implant stability; however, long-term studies are needed to evaluate its durability and late clinical outcomes.</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="conclusions">
			<title>Conclusion</title>
			<p>Transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement using the LuX-Valve Plus was shown to be an effective and safe alternative for patients with severe TR and high surgical risk. This pioneering report in Latin America reinforces the role of transcatheter therapies in managing complex valve conditions, highlighting the importance of echocardiography in planning and monitoring these procedures. Further studies are needed to consolidate its clinical application and establish criteria for patient selection.</p>
		</sec>
	</body>
	<back>
		<fn-group>
			<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure" id="fn1">
				<label>Sources of Funding</label>
				<p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
				<label>Study Association</label>
				<p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn3">
				<label>Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate</label>
				<p>This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.</p>
			</fn>
		</fn-group>
		<ref-list>
			<title>References</title>
			<ref id="B1">
				<label>1</label>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Tarasoutchi</surname>
							<given-names>F</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Montera</surname>
							<given-names>MW</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Ramos</surname>
							<given-names>AIO</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Sampaio</surname>
							<given-names>RO</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Rosa</surname>
							<given-names>VEE</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Accorsi</surname>
							<given-names>TAD</given-names>
						</name>
						<etal/>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Update of the Brazilian Guidelines for Valvular Heart Disease - 2020</article-title>
					<source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
					<year>2020</year>
					<volume>115</volume>
					<issue>4</issue>
					<fpage>720</fpage>
					<lpage>775</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20201047</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
				<mixed-citation>1 Tarasoutchi F, Montera MW, Ramos AIO, Sampaio RO, Rosa VEE, Accorsi TAD, et al. Update of the Brazilian Guidelines for Valvular Heart Disease - 2020. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020;115(4):720-75. doi: 10.36660/abc.20201047.</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B2">
				<label>2</label>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Sun</surname>
							<given-names>Z</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Li</surname>
							<given-names>H</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Zhang</surname>
							<given-names>Z</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Li</surname>
							<given-names>Y</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Zhang</surname>
							<given-names>L</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Xie</surname>
							<given-names>Y</given-names>
						</name>
						<etal/>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Twelve-Month Outcomes of the LuX-Valve for Transcatheter Treatment of Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation</article-title>
					<source>EuroIntervention</source>
					<year>2021</year>
					<volume>17</volume>
					<issue>10</issue>
					<fpage>818</fpage>
					<lpage>826</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4244/EIJ-D-21-00095.</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
				<mixed-citation>2 Sun Z, Li H, Zhang Z, Li Y, Zhang L, Xie Y, et al. Twelve-Month Outcomes of the LuX-Valve for Transcatheter Treatment of Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation. EuroIntervention. 2021;17(10):818-26. doi: 10.4244/EIJ-D-21-00095.</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B3">
				<label>3</label>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Esteves</surname>
							<given-names>V</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Andrade</surname>
							<given-names>PB</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Kreimer</surname>
							<given-names>S</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Esteves</surname>
							<given-names>FA</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Magalhães</surname>
							<given-names>FMA</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Modine</surname>
							<given-names>T</given-names>
						</name>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>First Performance of Transjugular Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Replacement with the Lux-Valve Plus System in Latin America. A Case Report</article-title>
					<source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
					<year>2024</year>
					<volume>121</volume>
					<issue>10</issue>
					<elocation-id>e20240201</elocation-id>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20240201</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
				<mixed-citation>3 Esteves V, Andrade PB, Kreimer S, Esteves FA, Magalhães FMA, Modine T. First Performance of Transjugular Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Replacement with the Lux-Valve Plus System in Latin America. A Case Report. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2024;121(10):e20240201. doi: 10.36660/abc.20240201.</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B4">
				<label>4</label>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Hahn</surname>
							<given-names>RT</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Lawlor</surname>
							<given-names>MK</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Davidson</surname>
							<given-names>CJ</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Badhwar</surname>
							<given-names>V</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Sannino</surname>
							<given-names>A</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Spitzer</surname>
							<given-names>E</given-names>
						</name>
						<etal/>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Tricuspid Valve Academic Research Consortium Definitions for Tricuspid Regurgitation and Trial Endpoints</article-title>
					<source>J Am Coll Cardiol</source>
					<year>2023</year>
					<volume>82</volume>
					<issue>17</issue>
					<fpage>1711</fpage>
					<lpage>1735</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jacc.2023.08.008</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
				<mixed-citation>4 Hahn RT, Lawlor MK, Davidson CJ, Badhwar V, Sannino A, Spitzer E, et al. Tricuspid Valve Academic Research Consortium Definitions for Tricuspid Regurgitation and Trial Endpoints. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;82(17):1711-35. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.08.008.</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B5">
				<label>5</label>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Hahn</surname>
							<given-names>RT</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Asch</surname>
							<given-names>F</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Weissman</surname>
							<given-names>NJ</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Grayburn</surname>
							<given-names>P</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Kar</surname>
							<given-names>S</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Lim</surname>
							<given-names>S</given-names>
						</name>
						<etal/>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Impact of Tricuspid Regurgitation on Clinical Outcomes: The COAPT Trial</article-title>
					<source>J Am Coll Cardiol</source>
					<year>2020</year>
					<volume>76</volume>
					<issue>11</issue>
					<fpage>1305</fpage>
					<lpage>1314</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jacc.2020.07.035</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
				<mixed-citation>5 Hahn RT, Asch F, Weissman NJ, Grayburn P, Kar S, Lim S, et al. Impact of Tricuspid Regurgitation on Clinical Outcomes: The COAPT Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76(11):1305-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.07.035.</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B6">
				<label>6</label>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Sala</surname>
							<given-names>A</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Hahn</surname>
							<given-names>RT</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Kodali</surname>
							<given-names>SK</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Mack</surname>
							<given-names>MJ</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Maisano</surname>
							<given-names>F</given-names>
						</name>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation: Current Understanding and Novel Treatment Options</article-title>
					<source>J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv</source>
					<year>2023</year>
					<volume>2</volume>
					<issue>5</issue>
					<fpage>101041</fpage>
					<lpage>101041</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jscai.2023.101041</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
				<mixed-citation>6 Sala A, Hahn RT, Kodali SK, Mack MJ, Maisano F. Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation: Current Understanding and Novel Treatment Options. J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv. 2023;2(5):101041. doi: 10.1016/j.jscai.2023.101041.</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B7">
				<label>7</label>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Seligman</surname>
							<given-names>H</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Vora</surname>
							<given-names>AN</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Haroian</surname>
							<given-names>NQ</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Puri</surname>
							<given-names>R</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Heng</surname>
							<given-names>EL</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Smith</surname>
							<given-names>RD</given-names>
						</name>
						<etal/>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>The Current Landscape of Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Intervention</article-title>
					<source>J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv</source>
					<year>2023</year>
					<volume>2</volume>
					<issue>6</issue>
					<fpage>101201</fpage>
					<lpage>101201</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jscai.2023.101201</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
				<mixed-citation>7 Seligman H, Vora AN, Haroian NQ, Puri R, Heng EL, Smith RD, et al. The Current Landscape of Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Intervention. J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv. 2023;2(6):101201. doi: 10.1016/j.jscai.2023.101201.</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B8">
				<label>8</label>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Wang</surname>
							<given-names>Y</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Zhai</surname>
							<given-names>M</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Mao</surname>
							<given-names>Y</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Yang</surname>
							<given-names>T</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Zhu</surname>
							<given-names>G</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Liu</surname>
							<given-names>Y</given-names>
						</name>
						<etal/>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Replacement for Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation after Left-Sided Valve Surgery: A Single-Center Experience</article-title>
					<source>Catheter Cardiovasc Interv</source>
					<year>2024</year>
					<volume>103</volume>
					<issue>4</issue>
					<fpage>626</fpage>
					<lpage>636</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1002/ccd.30972</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
				<mixed-citation>8 Wang Y, Zhai M, Mao Y, Yang T, Zhu G, Liu Y, et al. Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Replacement for Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation after Left-Sided Valve Surgery: A Single-Center Experience. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2024;103(4):626-36. doi: 10.1002/ccd.30972.</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B9">
				<label>9</label>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Stolz</surname>
							<given-names>L</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Cheung</surname>
							<given-names>A</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Boone</surname>
							<given-names>R</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Fam</surname>
							<given-names>N</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Ong</surname>
							<given-names>G</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Villablanca</surname>
							<given-names>P</given-names>
						</name>
						<etal/>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Transjugular Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Replacement: Early Compassionate Use Outcomes</article-title>
					<source>JACC Cardiovasc Interv</source>
					<year>2024</year>
					<volume>17</volume>
					<issue>16</issue>
					<fpage>1936</fpage>
					<lpage>1945</lpage>
					<pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jcin.2024.06.014</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
				<mixed-citation>9 Stolz L, Cheung A, Boone R, Fam N, Ong G, Villablanca P, et al. Transjugular Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Replacement: Early Compassionate Use Outcomes. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2024;17(16):1936-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2024.06.014.</mixed-citation>
			</ref>
		</ref-list>
	</back>
	<sub-article article-type="translation" id="S1" xml:lang="pt">
		<front-stub>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20240124</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Artigo Original</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Primeiros Implantes Percutâneos Ortotópicos da Valva Tricúspide com o Dispositivo LuX-Valve Plus na América Latina: Relato dos Três Primeiros Casos</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0003-0825-2982</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Esteves</surname>
						<given-names>Fernanda</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa, obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>análise estatística</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito e revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1152-8946</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Esteves</surname>
						<given-names>Vinícius</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa, obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>análise estatística</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito e revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"><sup>3</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7900-6506</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Pereira</surname>
						<given-names>Marcio Mendes</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa, obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>análise estatística</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito e revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"><sup>4</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8258-0584</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Mancuso</surname>
						<given-names>Frederico José Neves</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa, obtenção de dados</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"><sup>2</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12"><sup>5</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2047-0582</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Tebet</surname>
						<given-names>Marden</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa, obtenção de dados</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"><sup>2</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13"><sup>6</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0656-147X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Kreimer</surname>
						<given-names>Sergio</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"><sup>2</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13"><sup>6</sup></xref>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa, obtenção de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0001-2813-0136</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Araújo</surname>
						<given-names>Edmur Carlos de</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14"><sup>7</sup></xref>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa, obtenção de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3776-1914</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Magalhães</surname>
						<given-names>Francisco Monteiro de Almeida</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa, obtenção de dados</role>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff8">
					<label>1</label>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">São Paulo</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital Vila Nova Star, São Paulo, SP – Brasil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff9">
					<label>2</label>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">São Paulo</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital e Maternidade São Luiz, São Paulo, SP – Brasil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff10">
					<label>3</label>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">São Paulo</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Rede D’Or, São Paulo, SP – Brasil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff11">
					<label>4</label>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">São Luis</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">MA</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">UDI Hospital, São Luis, MA – Brasil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff12">
					<label>5</label>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">São Paulo</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP – Brasil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff13">
					<label>6</label>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Santo André</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital e Maternidade Brasil, Santo André, SP – Brasil</institution>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff14">
					<label>7</label>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Brasília</named-content>
						<named-content content-type="state">DF</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Hospital do Coração do Brasil, Brasília, DF – Brasil</institution>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c2">
					<label>Correspondência:</label><bold>Marcio Mendes Pereira</bold> • UDI Hospital. AV. Prof. Carlos Cunha, 2000. CEP: <postal-code>65076-820</postal-code>. Jaracti, São Luis, MA – Brasil E-mail: <email>marciomp50@hotmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="conflict">
					<label>Potencial Conflito de Interesse</label>
					<p>Declaro não haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<label>Editor responsável pela revisão:</label>
					<p>Marcelo Tavares</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<abstract>
				<title>Resumo</title>
				<sec>
					<title>Fundamento:</title>
					<p>A insuficiência tricúspide (IT) grave está associada a alta morbimortalidade, especialmente em pacientes com contraindicação cirúrgica. A substituição transcateter da valva tricúspide surgiu como alternativa minimamente invasiva para essa população, sendo o LuX-Valve Plus um dispositivo projetado para implantação ortotópica via transjugular.</p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Objetivo:</title>
					<p>Relatar os três primeiros casos na América Latina de substituição transcateter da valva tricúspide com o dispositivo LuX-Valve Plus, avaliando a viabilidade, segurança e os desfechos clínicos imediatos.</p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Métodos:</title>
					<p>Foram incluídas três pacientes do sexo feminino com IT torrencial e alto risco cirúrgico. A avaliação pré-procedimento incluiu ecocardiogramas transtorácico e transesofágico tridimensional (ETE 3D), tomografia computadorizada e cateterismo cardíaco. O procedimento foi realizado por acesso transjugular, sob anestesia geral, com orientação por ETE 3D e fluoroscopia. A eficácia do implante foi avaliada pela resolução da IT, gradiente transprotético e complicações pós-procedimento.</p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Resultados:</title>
					<p>Os implantes foram bem-sucedidos em todos os casos, com resolução completa da regurgitação tricúspide, ausência de leaks paravalvulares e gradiente transprotético adequado. A função ventricular direita foi preservada, e todas as pacientes receberam alta entre 3 e 4 dias após o procedimento, sem complicações significativas.</p>
				</sec>
				<sec>
					<title>Conclusão:</title>
					<p>A substituição transcateter da valva tricúspide com o LuX-Valve Plus demonstrou ser uma alternativa viável e segura para pacientes com IT grave e alto risco cirúrgico. O uso do ETE 3D foi essencial no planejamento e execução do implante. Estudos adicionais são necessários para avaliar a durabilidade e os desfechos clínicos em longo prazo.</p>
				</sec>
			</abstract>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
				<title>Palavras-chave:</title>
				<kwd>Valva Tricúspide</kwd>
				<kwd>Insuficiência da Valva Tricúspide</kwd>
				<kwd>Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter Tricúspide</kwd>
				<kwd>Ecocardiografia Transesofagiana</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<fig id="f9">
				<caption>
					<title>Avaliação ecocardiográfica pós-implante da LuX-Valve Plus nos três casos, destacando: (A) o gradiente médio, (B) o posicionamento do sistema de entrega, (C) a resolução da IT e (D) reconstruções tridimensionais da válvula implantada, evidenciando a eficácia da abordagem transcateter.</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-pt-gf01.tif"/>
			</fig>
			<sec sec-type="intro">
				<title>Introdução</title>
				<p>A insuficiência tricúspide (IT) é frequentemente funcional, decorrente da dilatação do anel tricúspide em condições como cardiopatias valvulares, cardiomiopatias e hipertensão pulmonar. Casos primários podem estar associados à doença reumática ou a complicações pós-cirúrgicas. Quando grave e não tratada, a IT leva à disfunção ventricular direita, piorando o prognóstico e aumentando a morbimortalidade.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> A cirurgia de substituição da valva tricúspide apresenta elevado risco em pacientes com comorbidades, como insuficiência cardíaca direita e hipertensão pulmonar. A substituição transcateter surgiu como alternativa promissora, mas ainda enfrenta desafios relacionados às características anatômicas complexas da valva tricúspide.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
				<p>O dispositivo LuX-Valve Plus (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f10">Figura 1</xref>) é uma prótese autoexpansível, implantada via transjugular, projetada para superar essas limitações. Este artigo relata os três primeiros casos de substituição transcateter da valva tricúspide com o LuX-Valve Plus na América Latina, avaliando a viabilidade, segurança e os desfechos clínicos imediatos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup></p>
				<fig id="f10">
					<label>Figura 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>LuX-Valve Plus: (a) âncora do septo ventricular em forma de língua de pássaro; (b) válvula protética de pericárdio bovino; (c) pinças de folhetos; (d) um stent valvar de nitinol autoexpansível que consiste em um disco atrial.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-pt-gf02.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="methods">
				<title>Métodos</title>
				<p>Três pacientes do sexo feminino com IT torrencial foram tratadas. Duas apresentavam IT funcional atrial, e a terceira tinha etiologia mista, relacionada a prótese mitral e eletrodos de marcapasso. Todas apresentaram histórico de descompensação por insuficiência cardíaca, com predomínio de sintomas congestivos sistêmicos.</p>
				<p>A decisão pelo tratamento transcateter baseou-se no alto risco cirúrgico e na anatomia favorável. A avaliação incluiu ecocardiogramas transtorácico e transesofágico (ETE), tomografia computadorizada e cateterismo de câmaras direitas, permitindo um planejamento detalhado. O ETE tridimensional (3D) foi essencial para análise da regurgitação, anatomia valvar e função ventricular direita.</p>
				<p>Procedimento transcateter</p>
				<p>Os procedimentos foram realizados por acesso transjugular, sob anestesia geral, com orientação por ETE 3D e fluoroscopia. Etapas críticas incluíram:</p>
				<list list-type="order">
					<list-item>
						<p>Posicionamento do sistema de entrega no átrio direito (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f11">Figura 2</xref>).</p>
					</list-item>
					<list-item>
						<p>Centralização e coaxialidade no anel tricúspide (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f12">Figura 3</xref>).</p>
					</list-item>
					<list-item>
						<p>Implantação e ancoragem do dispositivo no septo interventricular (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f13">Figuras 4</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f14">5</xref>).</p>
					</list-item>
					<list-item>
						<p>Avaliação final para descartar leaks paravalvulares e obstruções (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f15">Figuras 6</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f16">7</xref>).</p>
					</list-item>
				</list>
				<fig id="f11">
					<label>Figura 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Ecocardiografia transesofágica bidimensional com imagens biplanares (multi-D ou X-plane) baseadas na visão de eixo curto, mostrando o processo de guiar o sistema de entrega (estrela vermelha) através da valva e no ventrículo direito. (A) Mostrando o fio guia super-rígido avançando para o átrio direito (estrela vermelha). (B) O sistema de entrega atingiu o orifício da valva tricúspide. (C) O sistema de entrega cruzou a válvula tricúspide. (D) Após o cruzamento da valva tricúspide, imagem de ecocardiografia transesofágica tridimensional com reconstrução multiplanar para orientação da coaxialidade do sistema de entrega. AD: átrio direito; AE: átrio esquerdo; VD: ventrículo direito.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-pt-gf03.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f12">
					<label>Figure 3</label>
					<caption>
						<title>(A) Medição da profundidade de inserção do sistema de entrega (estrela vermelha). A profundidade de implantação é de 3,3 cm. (B) Após coaxialização, o sistema de entrega foi posicionado no eixo central da valva tricúspide e perpendicular ao plano anular. AD: átrio direito; VD: ventrículo direito.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-pt-gf04.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f13">
					<label>Figura 4</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Confirmação da captura dos folhetos ou &quot;grasper&quot;. Na visão de eixo curto, duas pinças (estrelas vermelho e verde) podem ser observadas. (A) Na visão em multi-D ou X-plane na incidência de inflow-outflow do VD, o cursor de amostragem é posicionado primeiro na pinça anterior (estrela vermelha) perto da aorta. A pinça pode ser observada abaixo do folheto anterior da tricúspide (seta azul) no plano ortogonal correspondente. (B) Na visão em multi-D ou X-plane na incidência de inflow-outflow do VD, o cursor de amostragem é posicionado na pinça posterior (estrela verde) longe da aorta. A pinça pode ser observada abaixo do folheto posterior da tricúspide (seta azul) no plano ortogonal correspondente. AD: átrio direito; VD: ventrículo direito.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-pt-gf05.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f14">
					<label>Figura 5</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Diferentes formas de analisar o ancoramento septal. (A) Imagem de ecocardiografia transesofágica tridimensional em tempo real, esôfago médio de 4 câmaras, mostrando o ancoramento septal (estrela vermelha). (B) Visão multi-D ou X-plane de 4 câmaras do esôfago médio. Esquerda: a âncora se alinha paralelamente e se apega ao septo (estrela vermelha). Direita: a âncora se agarra ao septo (estrela vermelha). (C) Vista do eixo curto do ventrículo direito pela janela transgástrica mostrando o ancoramento septal (estrela vermelha). (D) Imagem de ecocardiografia transesofágica tridimensional em tempo real, esôfago médio de 4 câmaras, mostrando o ancoramento septal (estrela vermelha).</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-pt-gf06.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f15">
					<label>Figura 6</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Avaliação da função da prótese valvar. (A) Determinação da posição e grau de regurgitação paravalvar. Na visão biplanar de inflow-outflow do VD, foi observada presença de discreto leak paravalvular localizado em topografia anterior. (B) Após fino ajuste e reposicionamento da prótese, foi possível correção do leak paravalvular com resultado final excelente. (C) Análise dos gradientes transprotéticos. VD: ventrículo direito.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-pt-gf07.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f16">
					<label>Figura 7</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Avaliação da função da prótese valvar. (A) Imagem tridimensional da face atrial da LuX-Valve Plus, mostrando o disco atrial direito (em forma de D) e stent (a estrutura circular no meio). (B) Imagem tridimensional da face ventricular da LuX-Valve Plus, mostrando duas pinças (denominadas como &quot;rabbit ears&quot;, estrela vermelha).</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240124-pt-gf08.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<p>Os tamanhos das próteses variaram entre 30/50 mm, 30/55 mm e 30/45 mm, adequados à anatomia tricúspide. O monitoramento ecocardiográfico intraoperatório foi crucial para o sucesso dos implantes e a recuperação rápida das pacientes.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="results">
				<title>Resultados</title>
				<p>Os três procedimentos de substituição transcateter da valva tricúspide com o dispositivo LuX-Valve Plus foram realizados com sucesso, utilizando acesso transjugular e orientação por ETE 3D e fluoroscopia. O implante foi conduzido sem complicações significativas, com posicionamento adequado da prótese em todos os casos.</p>
				<p>Após o procedimento, observou-se resolução completa da IT nas três pacientes, acompanhada de preservação da função do ventrículo direito. O gradiente médio transvalvar manteve-se dentro de limites fisiológicos, sem evidências de estenose relevante. Além disso, as pacientes apresentaram recuperação clínica rápida, sem necessidade de suporte hemodinâmico ou complicações graves no período de seguimento inicial.</p>
				<p>A análise ecocardiográfica demonstrou adequada adaptação da prótese ao anel tricúspide, sem sinais de deslocamento ou disfunção valvar. Estes achados reforçam a segurança e eficácia da abordagem minimamente invasiva com o LuX-Valve Plus em pacientes de alto risco cirúrgico (Figura Central).</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="discussion">
				<title>Discussão</title>
				<p>A IT grave, anteriormente considerada de menor relevância clínica, tem sido associada a piores desfechos cardiovasculares, incluindo disfunção ventricular direita e aumento da morbimortalidade. Vários estudos recentes têm demonstrado que a gravidade da IT está diretamente correlacionada com piores desfechos clínicos, independentemente de outros parâmetros como a pressão da artéria pulmonar e a fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Além disso, um grande estudo retrospectivo apontou que mesmo a IT leve está associada a resultados clínicos significativamente piores em comparação com a ausência de qualquer traço de regurgitação, reforçando a necessidade de abordagens terapêuticas precoces e eficazes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup></p>
				<p>Abordagens transcateter, como o LuX-Valve Plus, representam um importante avanço na medicina cardiovascular, oferecendo novas perspectivas terapêuticas para uma condição desafiadora, com impacto substancial na qualidade de vida e na morbidade dos pacientes. Embora o tratamento convencional, que inclui a terapia medicamentosa e a cirurgia aberta, tenha mostrado benefícios limitados em muitos casos, as alternativas transcateter, como a implantação de dispositivos de reparo da válvula tricúspide, surgem como opções promissoras, proporcionando uma abordagem minimamente invasiva. Essas intervenções têm o potencial de expandir significativamente as opções terapêuticas para pacientes com IT refratária, especialmente aqueles que não são candidatos ideais à cirurgia tradicional.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
				<p>Um estudo recente com 76 pacientes submetidos ao LuX-Valve Plus observou redução significativa da regurgitação tricúspide para ≤ 2+ em 94,7% dos casos e para ≤ 1+ em 90,8%, com resultados sustentados após 1 mês. A mortalidade intra-hospitalar foi de 5,3%, e eventos maiores foram pouco frequentes, demonstrando a segurança e eficácia da abordagem transcateter mesmo em anatomias complexas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup></p>
				<p>Neste relato, o dispositivo demonstrou segurança e eficácia, com resultados imediatos positivos, destacando-se como uma opção promissora para manejo da IT. O uso de ETE 3D foi essencial no planejamento e execução, permitindo visualização detalhada do anel tricúspide e orientação precisa do sistema de entrega.</p>
				<p>Comparado às alternativas transcateter existentes, o LuX-Valve Plus oferece benefícios pela sua adaptação anatômica e estabilidade pós-implante, embora estudos de longo prazo sejam necessários para avaliar a durabilidade e os desfechos clínicos tardios.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="conclusions">
				<title>Conclusão</title>
				<p>A substituição transcateter da valva tricúspide com o LuX-Valve Plus demonstrou ser uma alternativa eficaz e segura para pacientes com IT grave e alto risco cirúrgico. Este relato pioneiro na América Latina reforça o papel das terapias transcateter no manejo de condições valvares complexas, destacando a importância do ecocardiograma no planejamento e monitoramento desses procedimentos. Estudos adicionais são necessários para consolidar sua aplicação clínica e estabelecer critérios para seleção de pacientes.</p>
			</sec>
		</body>
		<back>
			<fn-group>
				<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure" id="fn4">
					<label>Fontes de Financiamento</label>
					<p>O presente estudo não teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn5">
					<label>Vinculação Acadêmica</label>
					<p>Não há vinculação deste estudo a programas de pós-graduação.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn6">
					<label>Aprovação Ética e Consentimento Informado</label>
					<p>Este artigo não contém estudos com humanos ou animais realizados por nenhum dos autores.</p>
				</fn>
			</fn-group>
		</back>
	</sub-article>
</article>