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<article article-type="case-report" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="en" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abcimg</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>ABC Imagem Cardiovascular</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc.</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="epub">2675-312X</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abcimg.20240101i</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20240101i</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Case Report</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Successful Occlusion of a Giant Subclavian Artery Aneurysm Sac with a Vascular Plug: A Case Report</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6414-3743</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Polat</surname>
						<given-names>Fuat</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>statistical analysis</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0113-7589</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Karpuzoğlu</surname>
						<given-names>Osman Eren</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff1">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Health Sciences University Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic</institution>
					<institution content-type="orgdiv1">Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">İstanbul</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="TR">Turkey</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Health Sciences University Dr. Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Education and Research Hospital, İstanbul – Turkey</institution>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c1">
					<label>Mailing Address:</label><bold>Fuat Polat</bold> • Selimiye, Tıbbiye St. No:25. Postal code: <postal-code>34668</postal-code> Uskudar, Istanbul – Turkey E-mail: <email>drfuatpolat@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="conflict">
					<label>Potential Conflict of Interest</label>
					<p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<label>Editor responsible for the review:</label>
					<p>Tiago Magalhães</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>28</day>
				<month>03</month>
				<year>2025</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
				<year>2025</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>38</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<elocation-id>e20240101</elocation-id>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received">
					<day>18</day>
					<month>10</month>
					<year>2024</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="rev-recd">
					<day>07</day>
					<month>12</month>
					<year>2024</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted">
					<day>24</day>
					<month>02</month>
					<year>2025</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
					<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<abstract>
				<title>Abstract</title>
				<p>Subclavian artery aneurysms are rare vascular anomalies that carry significant risks, including thromboembolism, ischemia, and rupture. This case report describes a 71-year-old female patient presenting with left arm ischemia, including pain, numbness, and weakness, caused by a left subclavian artery aneurysm complicated by distal thrombosis. Imaging revealed a 65 × 55 mm aneurysm with a 2.5 cm thrombotic occlusion. The aneurysm was treated with an endovascular approach, utilizing a vascular plug deployed via femoral access. This was preceded by failed attempts to access the lesion through the radial approach due to the presence of thrombotic occlusion and complex vascular anatomy. After the procedure, the patient experienced significant symptom relief, and follow-up imaging confirmed thrombosis of the aneurysm sac. This case highlights the effectiveness of endovascular techniques in managing complex subclavian artery aneurysms and emphasizes the importance of individualized treatment strategies and close follow-up.</p>
			</abstract>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<title>Keywords</title>
				<kwd>Subclavian Artery</kwd>
				<kwd>Endovascular Aneurysm Repair</kwd>
				<kwd>Thrombosis</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="8"/>
				<table-count count="0"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="7"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<sec sec-type="intro">
			<title>Introduction</title>
			<p>Subclavian artery aneurysms are rare, accounting for less than 1% of peripheral artery aneurysms.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> They may be associated with trauma, atherosclerosis, thoracic outlet syndrome, or congenital abnormalities.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> While many remain asymptomatic, symptomatic cases can present with ischemic symptoms due to arterial compression, thromboembolism, or aneurysmal rupture.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> These symptoms often include pain, numbness, weakness, or diminished pulses in the affected arm, along with differential blood pressures between the upper limbs. Given the risk of severe complications such as embolization or rupture, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial. Endovascular repair has emerged as the preferred treatment for subclavian artery aneurysms, offering a minimally invasive alternative to open surgery with lower perioperative risk.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> However, challenges may arise, particularly when aneurysms are complicated by thrombotic occlusion or extensive collateralization. This report presents a 71-year-old woman with symptomatic left arm ischemia caused by a subclavian artery aneurysm with distal thrombosis, successfully treated with endovascular intervention.</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="cases">
			<title>Case report</title>
			<p>A 71-year-old woman with hypertension presented with pain, numbness, and weakness in her left arm, which had worsened over the past few months. Her heart rate was 80 beats per minute, regular, with no murmurs. Electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm and incomplete right bundle branch block. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a left ventricular ejection fraction of 60%, interventricular septal thickness of 12 mm, stage 1 diastolic dysfunction, and mild aortic regurgitation. Physical examination revealed a weak right radial pulse. Blood pressure was 130/70 mmHg in the right arm and 105/65 mmHg in the left arm. A posterior-anterior chest X-ray showed a well-circumscribed round mass in the left hemithorax (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1</xref>). Subsequent computed tomographic angiography (CTA) of the thoracic aorta and upper extremities revealed a 65 × 55 mm aneurysm of the left subclavian artery, located just distal to the origin of the vertebral artery. The occluded segment, measuring approximately 2.5 cm, exhibited non-calcified thrombotic material filling the lumen, without evidence of significant extrinsic compression or surrounding soft tissue abnormalities. The mechanism of occlusion appeared to be thrombus formation within the aneurysmal sac, likely due to stasis of blood flow. The aneurysm's etiology was suspected to be degenerative in nature, potentially related to chronic hypertension and atherosclerotic changes, as no history of trauma or congenital abnormality was reported. Collateral vessels reconstructed the left axillary artery, and both the left vertebral artery and the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) demonstrated normal flow (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 2</xref>). Endovascular repair was planned using stent-graft placement. Access was obtained via the right femoral artery and the left radial artery. However, despite advanced guidewires, the aneurysm could not be reached from the radial approach. An Amplatzer Vascular Plug II (AVP II; Abbott, Plymouth, MN, USA), measuring 10 mm in diameter, was deployed in the left subclavian artery near the aneurysm via the femoral route. The device was delivered using a 6 French guiding catheter, which provided sufficient support for precise positioning of the vascular plug, while preserving access to the left vertebral artery and LIMA. Post-procedural angiography confirmed cessation of aneurysmal flow with preserved flow in the left vertebral artery and LIMA (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">Figure 3</xref>). Following the procedure, the patient was initiated on dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin 100 mg daily and clopidogrel 75 mg daily) to prevent thromboembolic complications associated with the vascular plug and to maintain patency of critical collateral vessels. The antithrombotic strategy was selected based on the patient's risk profile and the nature of the intervention. At a 1-month follow-up, the patient reported significant improvement in her left arm symptoms, and repeat CTA demonstrated complete thrombosis of the aneurysm sac with cessation of flow (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">Figure 4</xref>). Continued follow-up at 3 and 6 months, including clinical evaluations and imaging, was scheduled to monitor for complications such as migration of the vascular plug, residual flow, or recurrence of ischemic symptoms.</p>
			<fig id="f1">
				<label>Figure 1</label>
				<caption>
					<title>Posterior-anterior chest X-ray showing a well-circumscribed round mass in the left hemithorax.</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240101-gf01.tif"/>
			</fig>
			<fig id="f2">
				<label>Figure 2</label>
				<caption>
					<title>Computed tomography angiography of the thoracic aorta and upper extremities shows a left subclavian artery aneurysm distal to the origin of the vertebral artery.</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240101-gf02.tif"/>
			</fig>
			<fig id="f3">
				<label>Figure 3</label>
				<caption>
					<title>A Destination sheath and vertebral catheter were positioned in the proximal subclavian artery via the femoral artery, while a right Judkins catheter was advanced into the distal subclavian artery through the radial approach (top left). Despite using stiff guidewires, access to the aneurysmal region from the distal end was unsuccessful (bottom left). A 10 mm vascular plug was placed proximal to the aneurysm sac through the vertebral catheter via the femoral route (top right). Post-procedural cine angiography confirmed preserved flow in both the left vertebral artery and the LIMA, with near-complete occlusion of flow within the aneurysm sac (bottom right).</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240101-gf03.tif"/>
			</fig>
			<fig id="f4">
				<label>Figure 4</label>
				<caption>
					<title>Computed tomography angiography performed 1 month after vascular plug placement in the subclavian artery revealed complete cessation of flow within the aneurysm sac.</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240101-gf04.tif"/>
			</fig>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="discussion">
			<title>Discussion</title>
			<p>Subclavian artery aneurysms, although rare, carry significant risks, including embolization, thrombosis, and rupture.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> In this case, the patient presented with upper extremity ischemia, which is typical of symptomatic subclavian aneurysms, manifesting as pain, numbness, weakness, and differential blood pressure. These clinical findings were pivotal in diagnosing a left subclavian artery aneurysm with thrombotic occlusion. Endovascular repair is increasingly preferred due to its minimally invasive nature, reduced morbidity, and faster recovery compared to open surgery.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> However, this case illustrates the technical difficulties that can arise, particularly in navigating complex vascular anatomy complicated by thrombosis and collateralization. In this case, despite initial challenges accessing the aneurysm via the radial route, a vascular plug was successfully deployed via the femoral approach, achieving cessation of aneurysmal flow while preserving perfusion in critical vessels such as the left vertebral artery and LIMA. The patient's favorable outcome, with significant symptom improvement and imaging-confirmed thrombosis of the aneurysm, underscores the efficacy of endovascular management. This case also highlights the importance of thorough imaging assessment and individualized intervention strategies for complex vascular lesions.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> While the outcome in this case was successful, it serves as a reminder of the potential complications of subclavian artery aneurysms and the need for timely diagnosis and intervention to prevent more severe consequences, such as rupture or embolization. Continued follow-up is essential to monitor for recurrence or complications related to the vascular plug.</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="conclusions">
			<title>Conclusion</title>
			<p>This case demonstrates the successful endovascular treatment of a rare subclavian artery aneurysm complicated by thrombosis and presenting with upper extremity ischemia. Despite procedural challenges, the deployment of a vascular plug effectively halted aneurysmal flow while preserving critical vessel patency. Early diagnosis, tailored intervention, and ongoing follow-up are crucial to achieving optimal outcomes in such complex cases.</p>
		</sec>
	</body>
	<back>
		<fn-group>
			<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure" id="fn1">
				<label>Sources of Funding</label>
				<p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
				<label>Study Association</label>
				<p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn3">
				<label>Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate</label>
				<p>This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.</p>
			</fn>
		</fn-group>
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	<sub-article article-type="translation" id="S1" xml:lang="pt">
		<front-stub>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20240101</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Relato de Caso</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Oclusão Bem-Sucedida de um Saco Aneurismático Gigante da Artéria Subclávia Usando Plugue Vascular: Relato de Caso</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6414-3743</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Polat</surname>
						<given-names>Fuat</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise estatística</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0113-7589</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Karpuzoğlu</surname>
						<given-names>Osman Eren</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff2">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de Ciências da Saúde Dr. Siyami Ersek Hospital</institution>
					<institution content-type="orgdiv1">Educação e Pesquisa em Cirurgia Torácica e Cardiovascular</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Istambul</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="TR">Turquia</country>
					<institution content-type="original">Universidade de Ciências da Saúde Dr. Siyami Ersek Hospital de Educação e Pesquisa em Cirurgia Torácica e Cardiovascular, Istambul – Turquia</institution>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c2">
					<label>Correspondência:</label><bold>Fuat Polat</bold> • Selimiye, Tıbbiye St. N. 25. CEP: <postal-code>34668</postal-code>. Uskudar, Istambul - Turquia E-mail: <email>drfuatpolat@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="conflict">
					<label>Potencial Conflito de Interesse</label>
					<p>Declaro não haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<label>Editor responsável pela revisão:</label>
					<p>Tiago Magalhães</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<abstract>
				<title>Resumo</title>
				<p>Aneurismas da artéria subclávia são anomalias vasculares raras que apresentam riscos significativos, incluindo tromboembolismo, isquemia e ruptura. O presente relato de caso descreve uma paciente do sexo feminino de 71 anos de idade que apresentou isquemia no braço esquerdo, incluindo dor, dormência e fraqueza, causada por um aneurisma da artéria subclávia esquerda complicado por trombose distal. A imagem revelou um aneurisma de 65 × 55 mm com uma oclusão trombótica de 2,5 cm. O aneurisma foi tratado com uma abordagem endovascular, utilizando um plugue vascular implantado via acesso femoral. Isso foi precedido por tentativas frustradas de acessar a lesão pela abordagem radial devido à presença de oclusão trombótica e anatomia vascular complexa. Após o procedimento, a paciente apresentou alívio significativo dos sintomas, e a imagem de acompanhamento confirmou a trombose do saco aneurismático. Este caso destaca a eficácia das técnicas endovasculares no manejo de aneurismas complexos da artéria subclávia e enfatiza a importância de estratégias de tratamento individualizadas e acompanhamento rigoroso.</p>
			</abstract>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
				<title>Palavras-chave</title>
				<kwd>Artéria Subclávia</kwd>
				<kwd>Correção Endovascular de Aneurisma</kwd>
				<kwd>Trombose</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<sec sec-type="intro">
				<title>Introdução</title>
				<p>Aneurismas da artéria subclávia são raros, representando menos de 1% dos aneurismas das artérias periféricas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Eles podem estar associados a trauma, aterosclerose, síndrome do desfiladeiro torácico ou anormalidades congênitas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Embora muitos casos permaneçam assintomáticos, aqueles sintomáticos podem apresentar sintomas isquêmicos devido à compressão arterial, tromboembolismo ou ruptura aneurismática.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Esses sintomas frequentemente incluem dor, dormência, fraqueza ou pulsos diminuídos no braço afetado, juntamente com pressões sanguíneas diferenciais entre os membros superiores. Dado o risco de complicações graves, como embolização ou ruptura, o diagnóstico e o tratamento precoces são cruciais.</p>
				<p>A correção endovascular tem surgido como o tratamento preferido para aneurismas da artéria subclávia, oferecendo uma alternativa minimamente invasiva à cirurgia aberta com menor risco perioperatório.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> No entanto, podem surgir desafios, principalmente quando os aneurismas são complicados por oclusão trombótica ou colateralização extensa. O presente relato apresenta o caso de uma mulher de 71 anos com isquemia sintomática no braço esquerdo causada por um aneurisma da artéria subclávia com trombose distal, tratada com sucesso por meio de intervenção endovascular.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="cases">
				<title>Relato de caso</title>
				<p>Uma mulher de 71 anos com hipertensão apresentou dor, dormência e fraqueza no braço esquerdo, que pioraram nos últimos meses. Sua frequência cardíaca era de 80 batimentos por minuto, regular, sem sopros. O eletrocardiograma mostrou ritmo sinusal e bloqueio incompleto do ramo direito. A ecocardiografia transtorácica revelou fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo de 60%, espessura do septo interventricular de 12 mm, disfunção diastólica estágio 1 e regurgitação aórtica leve.</p>
				<p>O exame físico revelou um pulso radial direito fraco. A pressão arterial era de 130/70 mmHg no braço direito e 105/65 mmHg no braço esquerdo. A radiografia de tórax póstero-anterior mostrou uma massa redonda bem circunscrita no hemitórax esquerdo (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f5">Figura 1</xref>). Subsequentemente, a angiotomografia computadorizada da aorta torácica e das extremidades superiores revelou um aneurisma de 65 × 55 mm da artéria subclávia esquerda, localizado distalmente à origem da artéria vertebral. O segmento ocluído, medindo aproximadamente 2,5 cm, exibia material trombótico não calcificado preenchendo o lúmen, sem evidência de compressão extrínseca significativa ou anormalidades do tecido mole circundante. O mecanismo de oclusão parecia ser a formação de trombo dentro do saco aneurismático, provavelmente devido à estase do fluxo sanguíneo. Suspeitou-se que a etiologia do aneurisma fosse de natureza degenerativa, potencialmente relacionada à hipertensão crônica e alterações ateroscleróticas, pois não foi relatado histórico de trauma ou anormalidade congênita. Os vasos colaterais reconstruíram a artéria axilar esquerda, e tanto a artéria vertebral esquerda quanto a artéria mamária interna esquerda (AMIE) demonstraram fluxo normal (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f6">Figura 2</xref>).</p>
				<fig id="f5">
					<label>Figura 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Radiografia de tórax póstero-anterior evidenciando massa redonda bem circunscrita no hemitórax esquerdo.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240101-gf01-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<fig id="f6">
					<label>Figura 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Angiotomografia computadorizada da aorta torácica e extremidades superiores evidenciando aneurisma da artéria subclávia esquerda distal à origem da artéria vertebral.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240101-gf02-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<p>A correção endovascular foi planejada usando a colocação de stent-enxerto. O acesso foi obtido pela artéria femoral direita e pela artéria radial esquerda. No entanto, apesar dos fios-guia avançados, o aneurisma não pôde ser alcançado pela abordagem radial. Um Amplatzer Vascular Plug II (AVP II; Abbott, Plymouth, Minnesota, EUA), medindo 10 mm de diâmetro, foi implantado na artéria subclávia esquerda perto do aneurisma pela via femoral. O dispositivo foi colocado usando um cateter-guia 6 French, que forneceu suporte suficiente para o posicionamento preciso do plugue vascular, preservando o acesso à artéria vertebral esquerda e à AMIE. A angiografia pós-procedimento confirmou a cessação do fluxo aneurismático com fluxo preservado na artéria vertebral esquerda e na AMIE (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f7">Figura 3</xref>).</p>
				<fig id="f7">
					<label>Figura 3</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Uma bainha introdutora Destination e um cateter vertebral foram posicionados na artéria subclávia proximal através da artéria femoral, enquanto um cateter Judkins direito foi avançado para dentro da artéria subclávia distal através da abordagem radial (imagem superior esquerda). Apesar do uso de fios-guia rígidos, o acesso à região aneurismática pela extremidade distal não foi bem-sucedido (imagem inferior esquerda). Um plugue vascular de 10 mm foi colocado proximal ao saco aneurismático através do cateter vertebral pela via femoral (imagem superior direita). A cinecoronariografia pós-procedimento confirmou o fluxo preservado tanto na artéria vertebral esquerda quanto na AMIE, com oclusão quase completa do fluxo dentro do saco aneurismático (imagem inferior direita).</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240101-gf03-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
				<p>Após o procedimento, a paciente foi iniciada em terapia antiplaquetária dupla (aspirina 100 mg diariamente e clopidogrel 75 mg diariamente) para prevenir complicações tromboembólicas associadas ao plugue vascular e para manter a patência dos vasos colaterais críticos. A estratégia antitrombótica foi selecionada com base no perfil de risco da paciente e na natureza da intervenção. No acompanhamento do primeiro mês, a paciente relatou melhora significativa nos sintomas do braço esquerdo, e a angiotomografia computadorizada repetida demonstrou trombose completa do saco aneurismático com cessação do fluxo (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f8">Figura 4</xref>). O acompanhamento continuado no terceiro e no sexto mês, incluindo avaliações clínicas e de imagem, foi programado para monitorar complicações como migração do plugue vascular, fluxo residual ou recorrência de sintomas isquêmicos.</p>
				<fig id="f8">
					<label>Figura 4</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Angiotomografia computadorizada realizada 1 mês após a colocação do plugue vascular na artéria subclávia revelou cessação completa do fluxo dentro do saco aneurismático.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-38-01-e20240101-gf04-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="discussion">
				<title>Discussão</title>
				<p>Os aneurismas da artéria subclávia, embora raros, apresentam riscos significativos, incluindo embolização, trombose e ruptura.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> No caso relatado, a paciente apresentou isquemia da extremidade superior, que é típica de aneurismas subclávios sintomáticos, manifestando-se como dor, dormência, fraqueza e pressão arterial diferencial. Esses achados clínicos foram decisivos no diagnóstico de um aneurisma da artéria subclávia esquerda com oclusão trombótica.</p>
				<p>Cada vez mais, a correção endovascular tem sido preferida por conta da sua natureza minimamente invasiva, morbidade reduzida e recuperação mais rápida em comparação à cirurgia aberta.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> No entanto, o presente caso ilustra as dificuldades técnicas que podem surgir, particularmente ao navegar pela anatomia vascular complexa, complicada por trombose e colateralização. Neste caso, apesar dos desafios iniciais para acessar o aneurisma pela via radial, um plugue vascular foi implantado com sucesso pela abordagem femoral, alcançando a cessação do fluxo aneurismático enquanto preservava a perfusão em vasos críticos, como a artéria vertebral esquerda e a AMIE.</p>
				<p>O desfecho favorável da paciente, com melhora significativa dos sintomas e trombose do aneurisma confirmada por imagem, ressalta a eficácia do tratamento endovascular. Este caso também destaca a importância da avaliação completa por imagem e estratégias de intervenção individualizadas para lesões vasculares complexas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup></p>
				<p>Embora o desfecho neste caso tenha sido bem-sucedido, ele serve como um lembrete sobre as complicações potenciais dos aneurismas da artéria subclávia e a necessidade de diagnóstico e intervenção oportunos para evitar consequências mais graves, como ruptura ou embolização. O acompanhamento contínuo é essencial para monitorar a recorrência ou as complicações relacionadas ao plugue vascular.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="conclusions">
				<title>Conclusão</title>
				<p>O presente caso demonstra o tratamento endovascular bem-sucedido de um aneurisma raro da artéria subclávia complicado por trombose e apresentando isquemia da extremidade superior. Apesar dos desafios do procedimento, a implantação de um plugue vascular interrompeu efetivamente o fluxo aneurismático, preservando a patência crítica do vaso. O diagnóstico precoce, a intervenção personalizada e o acompanhamento contínuo são cruciais para alcançar desfechos otimizados em casos tão complexos.</p>
			</sec>
		</body>
		<back>
			<fn-group>
				<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure" id="fn4">
					<label>Fontes de Financiamento</label>
					<p>O presente estudo não teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn5">
					<label>Vinculação Acadêmica</label>
					<p>Não há vinculação deste estudo a programas de pós-graduação.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn6">
					<label>Aprovação Ética e Consentimento Informado</label>
					<p>Este artigo não contém estudos com humanos ou animais realizados por nenhum dos autores.</p>
				</fn>
			</fn-group>
		</back>
	</sub-article>
</article>