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	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abcimg</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>ABC Imagem Cardiovascular</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc.</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="epub">2675-312X</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abcimg.20240065i</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20240065i</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Case Report</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Fetal Intrapericardial Teratoma: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6677-2845</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barberato</surname>
						<given-names>Marcia Ferreira Alves</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research and critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data and writing of the manuscript</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0007-5134-6035</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barberato</surname>
						<given-names>Rodrigo Ferreira Alves</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research and critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data and writing of the manuscript</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4389-9645</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barberato</surname>
						<given-names>Fernanda Ferreira Alves</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data and writing of the manuscript</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data and writing of the manuscript</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0711-7995</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barberato</surname>
						<given-names>Silvio Henrique</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research and critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data and writing of the manuscript</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff1">
				<label>1</label>
				<institution content-type="orgname">CardioEco Centro de Diagnostico Cardiovascular</institution>
				<addr-line>
					<named-content content-type="city">Curitiba</named-content>
					<named-content content-type="state">PR</named-content>
				</addr-line>
				<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
				<institution content-type="original">CardioEco Centro de Diagnostico Cardiovascular, Curitiba, PR – Brazil</institution>
			</aff>
			<aff id="aff2">
				<label>2</label>
				<institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Positivo Curso de Medicina</institution>
				<addr-line>
					<named-content content-type="city">Curitiba</named-content>
					<named-content content-type="state">PR</named-content>
				</addr-line>
				<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
				<institution content-type="original">Universidade Positivo Curso de Medicina, Curitiba, PR – Brazil</institution>
			</aff>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c01">
					<label>Mailing Address</label>: Marcia Ferreira Alves Barberato Cardioeco Centro de Diagnostico Cardiovascular. Av. República Argentina, 1336, sala 215. Postal Code: 80620-010. Curitiba, PR – Brazil E-mail: <email>marcia.barberato@hotmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="conflict">
					<p>Potential Conflict of Interest</p>
					<p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<p>Editor responsible for the review: Marcelo Tavares</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>27</day>
				<month>08</month>
				<year>2024</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
				<month>08</month>
				<year>2024</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>37</volume>
			<issue>3</issue>
			<elocation-id>e20240065</elocation-id>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received">
					<day>1</day>
					<month>07</month>
					<year>2024</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="rev-recd">
					<day>11</day>
					<month>07</month>
					<year>2024</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted">
					<day>11</day>
					<month>07</month>
					<year>2024</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
					<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<kwd>Echocardiography</kwd>
				<kwd>Prenatal Diagnosis</kwd>
				<kwd>Pericardial Effusion</kwd>
				<kwd>Teratoma</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="4"/>
				<table-count count="0"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="8"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<sec sec-type="intro">
			<title>Introduction</title>
			<p>Primary cardiac tumors are rare in all age groups, with an incidence of 0.002% to 0.3% in autopsy series.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> During the prenatal period, cardiac tumors are highly uncommon and may be incidental findings in routine ultrasound assessment, which has become more frequent with the widespread use of imaging methods in the last decades. Fetal echocardiography is the main tool for detailed diagnosis of cardiac anatomy and function from the end of the first trimester until term.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> During fetal life, the most frequently found tumors are benign primary tumors, which include rhabdomyomas (the most common), as well as teratomas, fibromas, hemangiomas, and myxomas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> The finding of malignant primary tumors (for example, rhabdomyosarcoma and fibrosarcoma) or metastatic tumors is exceptionally rare. In fetuses, cardiac tumors can be asymptomatic or lead to complications, such as arrhythmias, hydrops, obstruction of ventricular inflow or outflow, heart failure, and death.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
			<p>Teratomas, although they are usually benign, can have embryonic origin in one or more of the 3 germ layers, resulting in complex histology, with the possibility of simultaneous areas of mature and immature tissue.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> Intrapericardial teratomas are tumors with a low incidence, but they frequently invade the mediastinum and compress adjacent structures, leading to death.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> We report a case of intrapericardial teratoma diagnosed in a fetus at 22 weeks of gestation.</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="cases">
			<title>Case report</title>
			<p>We report the case of a 29-year-old, primiparous pregnant woman, without complications, referred for fetal echocardiography due to the finding of pericardial effusion on a routine morphological obstetric ultrasound. Fetal Doppler echocardiogram was performed at 22 weeks, showing normal biventricular cardiac anatomy and function. Moderate pericardial effusion was observed, containing a heterogeneous mass, with irregular contours, adjacent to the right chambers (8.4 × 7.2 mm), without causing compression of the chambers or alteration of intracavitary blood flow (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figure 1</xref>). Additionally, atrioventricular valve, ductus venosus, and umbilical artery flows were normal. The diagnostic hypothesis of pericardial teratoma was suggested. As the fetus was hemodynamically stable, serial monitoring with fetal echocardiography was chosen. Reassessments were carried out every 2 weeks, and there was no worsening of intracardiac and fetal flows up to 32 weeks of gestation. At that time, the pregnant patient had preeclampsia refractory to clinical treatment, requiring interruption of the pregnancy. Pre-delivery fetal echocardiogram showed an increase in the size of the tumor mass (37 × 24 mm), as well as pericardial effusion, but there were no other findings compatible with hemodynamic decompensation. Operative delivery was performed, with a preterm male newborn weighing 3000 g, with Apgar score of 1 in the first minute and 7 in the fifth minute, progressing with the need for orotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. The transthoracic Doppler echocardiogram performed during the postnatal period revealed a large heterogeneous tumor mass and the presence of significant pericardial effusion, without signs of tamponade. On the sixth day of life, the newborn underwent thoracotomy for surgical resection of the mass. During surgery, a large mass with irregular contours and a lobulated appearance was located (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02">Figure 2</xref>). It was attached to the ascending aorta, to the right of the heart. Macroscopy showed a lobulated, granular appearance, weighing 58 g, with cystic formations when cutting the tumor. Microscopy concluded that it was a mixed mature and immature teratoma, with a resection margin affected by neoplastic cells. The newborn was referred for chemotherapy with the onco-hematology team.</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f01">
					<label>Figure 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>– A) Fetal echocardiogram in the 4-chamber view showing circumferential pericardial effusion (solid arrow) and mass adjacent to the right atrium and ventricle (open arrow); B) Tumor mass adjacent to the right atrium and ventricle, with a heterogeneous appearance, containing hypoechoic formations inside (arrows), and no detectable blood flow.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-03-e20240065-gf01.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f02">
					<label>Figure 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>– Sternotomy and macroscopic sample of the resected tumor, with an irregular and lobulated appearance.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-03-e20240065-gf02.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="discussion">
			<title>Discussion</title>
			<p>Teratomas are rare tumors (approximately 1 per 40,000 live births per year) originating from germ cells (endodermal, mesodermal, and neuroectodermal), and they may contain tissue from one or more layers.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> They are most frequently located in the gonads, sacrococcygeal region, and mediastinum.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Intrapericardial teratoma accounts for less than 2% of all cardiac tumors in childhood, and can be classified as mature (benign) or immature (malignant).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Intrapericardial teratoma generally originates from the base of the heart, on the right side of the pericardium, attached to the aorta or pulmonary trunk. Pericardial effusion is invariably present, and the tumor mass can eventually compress the heart and great vessels.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> In the clinical course, hydrops fetalis (a major prognostic marker), polyhydramnios, and postnatal compression of the trachea and respiratory tree may occur.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> The case described, similar to the experience accumulated in the literature, was diagnosed based on an incidental finding of pericardial effusion on routine obstetric ultrasound. The tumor was attached to the aorta, on the right side of the pericardium, and was accompanied by moderate pericardial effusion, which increased during serial follow-up with fetal echocardiography. Unlike the usually reported clinical evolution, in this case, there was no appearance of hydrops or compression of anatomical structures.</p>
			<p>In cases where the tumor and/or voluminous pericardial effusion generate compressive phenomena, prenatal pericardiocentesis can be performed to improve the fetal hemodynamic condition and enable lung growth. Pericardial effusion can recur after puncture.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> In specialized centers, when available, other invasive fetal interventions can be considered, for example, pericardial-amniotic shunt, thoracentesis, or even open fetal surgery.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> In the case in question, we opted for serial follow-up, without invasive fetal procedures, because, notwithstanding the increase in mass size and pericardial effusion, the fetus did not show hemodynamic impairment. Follow-up with serial fetal echocardiography showed that biventricular filling, umbilical artery and vein, and ductus venosus flows remained normal throughout the pregnancy, which was interrupted due to an obstetric condition.</p>
			<p>Postnatal complications of intrapericardial teratoma, such as respiratory failure and cardiac tamponade, are common. Early surgical procedure can be curative, but perinatal mortality is still high.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="conclusions">
			<title>Conclusion</title>
			<p>Fetal intrapericardial teratoma is a very rare condition that poses major diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Early diagnosis and serial follow-up are crucial to appropriate management. It is fundamental to differentiate hemodynamically unstable fetuses, who are candidates for intrauterine treatment, from those for whom invasive intervention is unnecessary, making it possible to wait for term to perform surgery. Intrapericardial teratoma can have a fatal outcome, but postnatal surgical resection, although complex, can be curative or offer an opportunity to combine with adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy) in immature tumors. This case highlights the importance of multidisciplinary and individualized approaches to improve outcomes in patients with this very rare condition.</p>
			<p>
				<media id="f03" mime-subtype="mp4" mimetype="video" xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-03-e20240065-m01.mp4">
					<label>Video 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>– Fetus at 26 weeks of gestation, 4-chamber view showing moderate pericardial effusion containing heterogeneous mass adjacent to the right chambers. Link: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3703/2024-0065_RC_Video_1_1.mp4">http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3703/2024-0065_RC_Video_1_1.mp4</ext-link>
						</title>
					</caption>
				</media>
			</p>
			<p>
				<media id="f04" mime-subtype="mp4" mimetype="video" xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-03-e20240065-m02.mp4">
					<label>Video 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>– Fetus at 29 weeks of gestation, 4-chamber view showing increased pericardial effusion and mass size. Link: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3703/2024-0065_RC_Video_2_1.mp4">http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3703/2024-0065_RC_Video_2_1.mp4</ext-link>.</title>
					</caption>
				</media>
			</p>
		</sec>
	</body>
	<back>
		<ack>
			<title>Acknowledgements</title>
			<p>The authors would like to thank the heart surgeon Dr. Fabio Binhara Navarro for providing the image of the surgical specimen.</p>
		</ack>
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				</element-citation>
			</ref>
		</ref-list>
		<fn-group>
			<fn fn-type="other">
				<label/>
				<p>Study Association</p>
				<p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other">
				<label/>
				<p>Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate</p>
				<p>This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.</p>
			</fn>
		</fn-group>
		<fn-group>
			<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
				<p>Sources of Funding</p>
				<p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
			</fn>
		</fn-group>
	</back>
	<sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRpt" xml:lang="pt">
		<front-stub>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20240065</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Relato de Caso</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Teratoma Intrapericárdico Fetal: Desafio Diagnóstico e Terapêutico</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6677-2845</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barberato</surname>
						<given-names>Marcia Ferreira Alves</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa e revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados e redação do manuscrito</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1002"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0007-5134-6035</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barberato</surname>
						<given-names>Rodrigo Ferreira Alves</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research and critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados e redação do manuscrito</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2002"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4389-9645</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barberato</surname>
						<given-names>Fernanda Ferreira Alves</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data and writing of the manuscript</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados e redação do manuscrito</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2002"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0711-7995</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Barberato</surname>
						<given-names>Silvio Henrique</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa e revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados e redação do manuscrito</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1002"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff1002">
				<label>1</label>
				<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
				<institution content-type="original">CardioEco Centro de Diagnostico Cardiovascular, Curitiba, PR – Brasil</institution>
			</aff>
			<aff id="aff2002">
				<label>2</label>
				<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
				<institution content-type="original">Universidade Positivo Curso de Medicina, Curitiba, PR – Brasil</institution>
			</aff>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c01002">
					<label>Correspondência</label>: Marcia Ferreira Alves Barberato Cardioeco Centro de Diagnostico Cardiovascular. Av. República Argentina, 1336, sala 215. CEP: 80620-010. Curitiba, PR – Brasil E-mail: marcia.barberato@hotmail.com </corresp>
				<fn fn-type="conflict">
					<p>Potencial Conflito de Interesse</p>
					<p>Declaro não haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<p>Editor responsável pela revisão: Marcelo Tavares</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
				<kwd>Ecocardiografia</kwd>
				<kwd>Diagnóstico Pré-Natal</kwd>
				<kwd>Derrame Pericárdico</kwd>
				<kwd>Teratoma</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<sec sec-type="intro">
				<title>Introdução</title>
				<p>Os tumores cardíacos primários são raros em todos os grupos etários, admitindo-se incidência de 0,002% a 0,3% em séries de autópsias.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> No período pré-natal, os tumores cardíacos são bastante incomuns e podem ser achados incidentais em avaliação ecográfica de rotina, o que se tornou mais frequente com a ampla utilização dos métodos de imagem nas últimas décadas. A ecocardiografia fetal é a principal ferramenta para o diagnóstico detalhado da anatomia e função cardíaca desde o final do primeiro trimestre até o termo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Em vida fetal, os tumores mais encontrados são os primários benignos, que incluem os rabdomiomas (os mais frequentes), além de teratomas, fibromas, hemangiomas e mixomas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> O achado de tumores primários malignos (como o rabdomiossarcomas e fibrossarcomas) ou metastáticos é excepcional. No feto, os tumores cardíacos podem ser assintomáticos ou cursar com complicações, tais como arritmias, hidropisia, obstrução dos fluxos de entrada ou saída dos ventrículos, insuficiência cardíaca e óbito.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
				<p>Os teratomas, embora usualmente benignos, podem ter origem embrionária em uma ou mais das 3 lâminas germinativas, o que determina histologia complexa, com a possibilidade de áreas simultâneas de tecido maduro e imaturo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> Os teratomas intrapericárdicos são tumores de baixa incidência, mas que frequentemente invadem mediastino e comprimem estruturas adjacentes, levando ao óbito.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Apresentamos um caso de teratoma intrapericárdico diagnosticado em um feto de 22 semanas de gestação.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="cases">
				<title>Relato do caso</title>
				<p>Gestante de 29 anos, primigesta, sem intercorrências, encaminhada para a realização de ecocardiografia fetal por achado de derrame pericárdico em ecografia obstétrica morfológica de rotina. O ecodopplercardiograma fetal foi realizado com 22 semanas, mostrando anatomia e função cardíaca biventricular normais. Notava-se derrame pericárdico de grau moderado contendo massa heterogênea, de contornos irregulares, adjacente às câmaras direitas (8,4 × 7,2 mm), sem causar compressão de câmaras ou alteração dos fluxos sanguíneos intracavitários (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01002">Figura 1</xref>). Adicionalmente, os fluxos das valvas atrioventriculares, ducto venoso e artéria umbilical estavam normais. Foi aventada a hipótese diagnóstica de teratoma de pericárdio. Como o feto encontrava-se hemodinamicamente estável, optou-se por acompanhamento seriado com ecocardiografia fetal. Foram realizadas reavaliações a cada 2 semanas, nas quais não houve piora dos fluxos intracardíacos e fetais até as 32 semanas de gestação. Nesse momento, a gestante cursou com pré-eclâmpsia refratária ao tratamento clínico, necessitando interrupção da gestação. Ecocardiograma fetal pré-parto mostrou aumento do tamanho da massa tumoral (37 × 24 mm), bem como do derrame pericárdico, porém sem outros achados compatíveis com descompensação hemodinâmica. Realizado parto operatório, com recém-nascido pré-termo do sexo masculino, pesando 3000 g, Apgar 1 no primeiro minuto e 7 no quinto minuto, evoluindo com a necessidade de intubação orotraqueal e ventilação mecânica. O ecodopplercardiograma transtorácico realizado no período pós-natal constatou grande massa tumoral heterogênea e presença de derrame pericárdio importante, sem sinais de tamponamento. No sexto dia de vida, foi submetido à toracotomia para resseção cirúrgica da massa. No ato operatório, encontrou-se volumosa massa de contornos irregulares e aspecto lobulado (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02002">Figura 2</xref>), que estava aderida à aorta ascendente, à direita do coração. A macroscopia mostrou aspecto lobulado e granular, peso de 58 g, com formações císticas ao corte do tumor. A microscopia concluiu tratar-se de um teratoma misto, maduro e imaturo e com margem de ressecção comprometida por células neoplásicas. A criança foi encaminhada para quimioterapia com equipe da onco-hematologia.</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="f01002">
						<label>Figura 1</label>
						<caption>
							<title>– A) Ecocardiograma fetal no corte de 4 câmaras mostrando derrame pericárdico circunferencial (seta sólida) e massa adjacente ao átrio e ventrículo direito (seta vazada); B) Massa tumoral adjacente ao átrio e ventrículo direito, de aspecto heterogêneo, contendo formações hipoecoicas em seu interior (setas), sem fluxo sanguíneo detectável.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-03-e20240065-gf01-pt.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="f02002">
						<label>Figura 2</label>
						<caption>
							<title>– Esternotomia e amostra macroscópica do tumor ressecado, mostrando aspecto irregular e lobulado.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-03-e20240065-gf02-pt.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="discussion">
				<title>Discussão</title>
				<p>Os teratomas são tumores raros (em torno de 1:40.000 nascidos vivos por ano) originados das células germinativas (endodermal, mesodermal e neuroectodermal), podendo conter tecido de uma ou mais camadas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> Mais comumente são localizados em gônadas, região sacrococcígea e mediastino.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> O teratoma intrapericárdico corresponde a menos de 2% de todos os tumores cardíacos na infância, e pode ser classificado como maduro (benigno) ou imaturo (maligno).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Geralmente o teratoma intrapericárdico origina-se da base do coração, no lado direito do pericárdio, aderido à aorta ou tronco pulmonar. O derrame pericárdico está invariavelmente presente, e a massa tumoral pode eventualmente comprimir o coração e os grandes vasos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Na evolução clínica, pode ocorrer hidropisia fetal (grande marcador prognóstico), polidrâmnio e, no pós-natal, compressão da traqueia e árvore respiratória.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> O caso descrito, semelhante à experiência acumulada na literatura, foi diagnosticado a partir de achado incidental de derrame pericárdico em ultrassom obstétrico de rotina. O tumor estava aderido à aorta, do lado direito do pericárdio e acompanhava-se de derrame pericárdico moderado, que aumentou durante o acompanhamento seriado com ecocardiografia fetal. Diferente da evolução clínica usualmente relatada, não houve neste caso o aparecimento de hidropisia ou compressão de estruturas anatômicas.</p>
				<p>Nos casos em que o tumor e/ou o derrame pericárdico volumoso geram fenômenos compressivos, a pericardiocentese pré-natal pode ser realizada para melhorar a condição hemodinâmica fetal e possibilitar o crescimento pulmonar. O derrame pericárdico pode refazer após punção.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Em centros especializados, quando houver disponibilidade, outras intervenções invasivas fetais podem ser consideradas, por exemplo, o shunt pericárdio-amniótico, a toracocentese ou mesmo a cirurgia fetal aberta.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> No caso em questão, optou-se por seguimento seriado, sem procedimento invasivo fetal, porque mesmo com o aumento do tamanho da massa e do derrame pericárdico, o feto não apresentou comprometimento hemodinâmico. O acompanhamento com ecocardiograma fetal seriado mostrou que os fluxos de enchimento biventricular, da artéria e veia umbilicais, e do ducto venoso permaneceram normais durante a gestação, que foi interrompida por condição obstétrica.</p>
				<p>As complicações pós-natais do teratoma intrapericárdico, como insuficiência respiratória e tamponamento cardíaco, são frequentes. O procedimento cirúrgico precoce pode ser curativo, apesar da mortalidade perinatal ainda ser alta.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="conclusions">
				<title>Conclusão</title>
				<p>O teratoma intrapericárdico fetal é uma condição bastante rara que representa um grande desafio diagnóstico e terapêutico. O diagnóstico precoce e o acompanhamento seriado são cruciais para o manejo adequado. É fundamental diferenciar os fetos hemodinamicamente instáveis, candidatos ao tratamento intraútero, daqueles em que uma intervenção invasiva é desnecessária, podendo aguardar o termo para a realização da cirurgia. O teratoma intrapericárdico pode ter evolução fatal, mas a ressecção cirúrgica pós-natal, embora complexa, pode ser curativa ou oferecer a oportunidade combinada com terapia adjuvante (quimioterapia) nos tumores imaturos. Este caso destaca a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar e individualizada para melhorar os desfechos em paciente com condição tão rara.</p>
				<p>
					<media id="f03002" mime-subtype="mp4" mimetype="video" xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-03-e20240065-m01-pt.mp4">
						<label>Vídeo 1</label>
						<caption>
							<title>– Feto com 26 semanas de gestação, corte de 4 câmaras mostrando derrame pericárdico moderado contendo massa heterogênea adjacente às câmaras direitas. Link: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3703/2024-0065_RC_Video_1_1.mp4">http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3703/2024-0065_RC_Video_1_1.mp4</ext-link>
							</title>
						</caption>
					</media>
				</p>
				<p>
					<media id="f04002" mime-subtype="mp4" mimetype="video" xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-03-e20240065-m02-pt.mp4">
						<label>Vídeo 2</label>
						<caption>
							<title>– Feto com 26 semanas de gestação, corte de 4 câmaras mostrando derrame pericárdico moderado contendo massa heterogênea adjacente às câmaras direitas. Link: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3703/2024-0065_RC_Video_2_1.mp4">http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3703/2024-0065_RC_Video_2_1.mp4</ext-link>.</title>
						</caption>
					</media>
				</p>
			</sec>
		</body>
		<back>
			<ack>
				<title>Agradecimento</title>
				<p>Dr. Fabio Binhara Navarro, cirurgião cardíaco, pela cessão da imagem da peça cirúrgica.</p>
			</ack>
			<fn-group>
				<fn fn-type="other">
					<p>Vinculação Acadêmica</p>
					<p>Não há vinculação deste estudo a programas de pós-graduação.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other">
					<p>Aprovação Ética e Consentimento Informado</p>
					<p>Este artigo não contém estudos com humanos ou animais realizados por nenhum dos autores.</p>
				</fn>
			</fn-group>
			<fn-group>
				<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
					<p>Fontes de Financiamento</p>
					<p>O presente estudo não teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
				</fn>
			</fn-group>
		</back>
	</sub-article>
</article>