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<article article-type="case-report" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="en" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abcimg</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>ABC Imagem Cardiovascular</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc.</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="epub">2675-312X</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abcimg.20240014i</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20240014i</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Case Report</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Takotsubo Syndrome in a Critical COVID-19 Patient: Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Evolution</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7612-7724</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Arroyo-Rodríguez</surname>
						<given-names>Cuitláhuac</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data,</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript and critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0004-3624-5947</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Hernández-Parra</surname>
						<given-names>Alejandra</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Conception and design of the research</role>
					<role>acquisition of data</role>
					<role>analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
					<role>writing of the manuscript and critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"><sup>3</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff1">
				<label>1</label>
				<institution content-type="orgdiv1">Cardiology Department</institution>
				<institution content-type="orgname">Hospital San José Hermosillo</institution>
				<addr-line>
					<named-content content-type="city">Sonora</named-content>
				</addr-line>
				<country country="MX">Mexico</country>
				<institution content-type="original">Cardiology Department, Hospital San José Hermosillo, Sonora – Mexico</institution>
			</aff>
			<aff id="aff2">
				<label>2</label>
				<institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud</institution>
				<institution content-type="orgname">Universidad de Sonora</institution>
				<addr-line>
					<named-content content-type="city">Hermosillo</named-content>
					<named-content content-type="state">Sonora</named-content>
				</addr-line>
				<country country="MX">Mexico</country>
				<institution content-type="original">Departamento de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora – Mexico</institution>
			</aff>
			<aff id="aff3">
				<label>3</label>
				<institution content-type="orgname">TecSalud Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud</institution>
				<addr-line>
					<named-content content-type="city">Monterrey</named-content>
					<named-content content-type="state">Nuevo León</named-content>
				</addr-line>
				<country country="MX">Mexico</country>
				<institution content-type="original">TecSalud Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo León – Mexico</institution>
			</aff>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c01"> Mailing Address: Cuitláhuac Arroyo-Rodríguez • Hospital San José Hermosillo. Morelos, 340. Postal Code 83148. Hermosillo – Mexico E-mail: <email>cuitla88@hotmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="conflict">
					<p>Potential Conflict of Interest</p>
					<p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<p>Editor responsible for the review: Marcelo Tavares</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>16</day>
				<month>05</month>
				<year>2024</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
				<month>05</month>
				<year>2024</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>37</volume>
			<issue>2</issue>
			<elocation-id>e20240014</elocation-id>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received">
					<day>15</day>
					<month>01</month>
					<year>2024</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="rev-recd">
					<day>18</day>
					<month>03</month>
					<year>2024</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted">
					<day>25</day>
					<month>03</month>
					<year>2024</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
					<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<kwd>COVID-19</kwd>
				<kwd>Echocardiography</kwd>
				<kwd>Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="4"/>
				<table-count count="0"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="7"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<sec sec-type="intro">
			<title>Background</title>
			<p>By resembling a Japanese traditional octopus trap, i.e. a takotsubo, Hikaru Sato described the first case of “Takotsubo cardiomyopathy” in a patient without coronary stenosis and end-systolic left ventricular apical ballooning on a cardiac left ventriculography.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup>Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a clinical syndrome characterized by an acute and transient left ventricular systolic dysfunction related to an emotional or physical stressful event.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> COVID-19 is a recognized trigger for TTS, with the possible explanations being the enormous emotional stress caused by the pandemic and the entire spectrum of myocardial damage associated with SARS-COV-2.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup></p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="cases">
			<title>Case description</title>
			<p>An 88-year-old female, fully vaccinated against COVID-19, was admitted to our hospital due to significant dyspnea and signs of inadequate perfusion. Her initial diagnosis was pneumonia due to COVID-19. She had no history of chronic illnesses.</p>
			<p>Since her arrival, her blood pressure was 84/45mmHg, her heart rate 96, and her oxygen saturation 88%. Her 12-lead electrocardiogram showed deep T-wave inversion in leads V1-V6, DII, DIII, and aVF, as well as a QTc interval of 689ms (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figure 1A</xref>). In the laboratory analysis, troponin I was 1.67 ng/mL (reference range &lt;0.03 ng/mL); the brain natriuretic peptide was 1,254.5 pg/mL (reference range 0-100mg/mL); and D-dimer was 1,236 ng/mL (reference range &lt;500 ng/mL). The transthoracic echocardiogram (ECG) also showed an akinesia of the mid segments and dyskinesia of the apex and apical segments of the left ventricle (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f03">Video 1</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figure 1</xref> C-D); left ventricular ejection fraction was 37%. An urgent coronary angiography demonstrated an absence of significant obstructive coronary artery disease (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02">Figure 2</xref> A-D). However, non-significant stenosis of the proximal right coronary artery, mid left-anterior descending, and distal circumflex were found (bystander non-obstructive coronary artery disease). A left ventriculography showed the characteristic apical ballooning of TTS (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f04">Video 2</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02">Figure 2</xref> E-F).</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f01">
					<label>Figure 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>– A) Initial electrocardiogram showing deep T-wave inversion in leads V1-V6, DII, DIII, and aVF, as well as a corrected QTc interval of 689ms; B) electrocardiogram after 5 days demonstrated a nearly 50% depth reduction in T-wave inversion in leads V1-V6; C) end-diastole; and D) end-systole, apical 4 chamber view demonstrating akinesia of the mid segments and dyskinesia of the apex and apical segments of the left ventricle.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-02-e20240014-gf01.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<media id="f03" mime-subtype="mp4" mimetype="video" xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-02-e20240014-m01.mp4">
					<label>Video 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>– <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3702/2024-0014_RC_Video_1.mp4">http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3702/2024-0014_RC_Video_1.mp4</ext-link>
						</title>
					</caption>
				</media>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f02">
					<label>Figure 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>– A-D) coronary angiography demonstrating absence of significant obstructive coronary artery disease; E-F) left ventriculography showing the characteristic apical ballooning of TTS.</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-02-e20240014-gf02.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<media id="f04" mime-subtype="mp4" mimetype="video" xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-02-e20240014-m02.mp4">
					<label>Video 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>– <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3702/2024-0014_RC_Video_2.mp4">http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3702/2024-0014_RC_Video_2.mp4</ext-link>
						</title>
					</caption>
				</media>
			</p>
			<p>The patient was administered a high oxygen flow, dexamethasone, enoxaparin, and intravenous noradrenaline. In the following days, she presented a gradual worsening of her pulmonary function, but her family refused invasive mechanical ventilation. Her follow-up electrocardiogram, 5 days later, showed a nearly 50% depth reduction on T-wave inversion in leads V1-V6, as compared to her initial ECG (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figure 1B</xref>). Control ECG demonstrated hypokinesia of the mid and apical segments of the left ventricle, with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f05">Video 3</xref>). The patient progressed to multiorgan failure and died 11 days after admission.</p>
			<p>
				<media id="f05" mime-subtype="mp4" mimetype="video" xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-02-e20240014-m03.mp4">
					<label>Video 3</label>
					<caption>
						<title>– <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3702/2024-0014_RC_Video_3_1.mp4">http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3702/2024-0014_RC_Video_3_1.mp4</ext-link>
						</title>
					</caption>
				</media>
			</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="discussion">
			<title>Discussion</title>
			<p>The case presented in this article supports the correlation between TTS and COVID-19. An overactive immune response due to a cytokine storm, a surge in the sympathetic nervous system, and the development of micro-vascular dysfunction are the pathophysiological connections between COVID-19 and TTS.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> QTc interval has been described to be longer in patients with TTS than in myocardial infarction and represents 1 on the InterTak diagnostic score.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> Additionally, four stages of the temporal ECG evolution have been described in TTS, with stage 1 being a transient ST segment elevation, stage 2 being an initial T-wave inversion over days 1-3, stage 3 being a transient improvement of T-wave inversion on days 2-6, and stage 4 being a normalization of the T-waves noted by the second week’s onset of symptoms.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup>In line with these, this patient’s ECG showed a deep T-wave inversion in leads V1-V6, DII, DIII, and aVF, as well as a QTc interval of 689ms. On day 5 after the diagnosis, a nearly 50% depth reduction in the T-wave inversion in leads V1-V6 and a QTc interval of 460ms were correlated with an improvement in the mild contractility of the mid and apical segments of the left ventricle. Along with ST-segment elevation, T-wave inversions and a prolonged QTc interval, complete atrioventricular block, ventricular bigeminy, and sinus tachycardia have been described in TTS related to COVID-19.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup></p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="conclusions">
			<title>Conclusion</title>
			<p>This case supports COVID-19 as a trigger for TTS and demonstrates its temporal electrocardiographic and echocardiographic evolution. Initial deep T-wave inversions and the prolonged QTc interval were partially resolved on day 5 after the onset of symptoms and correlates with a mild improvement in the contractility of the mid and apical segments of the left ventricle in echocardiographic exams.</p>
		</sec>
	</body>
	<back>
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				<label>7</label>
				<mixed-citation>7. Arroyo-Rodríguez C, Victoria-Nandayapa JR, López-Aceves M, Machain-Leyva CZ, Soto-Gaxiola AH, Pérez-Méndez FM, et al. Takotsubo Syndrome in COVID-19: A Case Series Study. Echocardiography. 2022;39(7):920-34. doi: 10.1111/echo.15398.</mixed-citation>
				<element-citation publication-type="journal">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Arroyo-Rodríguez</surname>
							<given-names>C</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Victoria-Nandayapa</surname>
							<given-names>JR</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>López-Aceves</surname>
							<given-names>M</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Machain-Leyva</surname>
							<given-names>CZ</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Soto-Gaxiola</surname>
							<given-names>AH</given-names>
						</name>
						<name>
							<surname>Pérez-Méndez</surname>
							<given-names>FM</given-names>
						</name>
						<etal>et al</etal>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Takotsubo Syndrome in COVID-19: A Case Series Study</article-title>
					<source>Echocardiography</source>
					<year>2022</year>
					<volume>39</volume>
					<issue>7</issue>
					<fpage>920</fpage>
					<lpage>934</lpage>
					<pub-id>10.1111/echo.15398</pub-id>
				</element-citation>
			</ref>
		</ref-list>
		<fn-group>
			<fn fn-type="other">
				<label/>
				<p>Study Association</p>
				<p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
			</fn>
			<fn fn-type="other">
				<label/>
				<p>Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate</p>
				<p>This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.</p>
			</fn>
		</fn-group>
		<fn-group>
			<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
				<p>Sources of Funding</p>
				<p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
			</fn>
		</fn-group>
	</back>
	<sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRpt" xml:lang="pt">
		<front-stub>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abcimg.20240014</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Relato de Caso</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Síndrome de Takotsubo em um Paciente Crítico com COVID-19: Evolução Eletrocardiográfica e Ecocardiográfica</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7612-7724</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Arroyo-Rodríguez</surname>
						<given-names>Cuitláhuac</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito e revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1002"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2002"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0004-3624-5947</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Hernández-Parra</surname>
						<given-names>Alejandra</given-names>
					</name>
					<role>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa</role>
					<role>obtenção de dados</role>
					<role>análise e interpretação dos dados</role>
					<role>redação do manuscrito e revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante</role>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3002"><sup>3</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff1002">
				<label>1</label>
				<country country="MX">México</country>
				<institution content-type="original">Cardiology Department, Hospital San José Hermosillo, Sonora – México</institution>
			</aff>
			<aff id="aff2002">
				<label>2</label>
				<country country="MX">México</country>
				<institution content-type="original">Departamento de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora – México</institution>
			</aff>
			<aff id="aff3002">
				<label>3</label>
				<country country="MX">México</country>
				<institution content-type="original">TecSalud Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo León – México</institution>
			</aff>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c01002"><bold>Correspondência: Cuitláhuac Arroyo-Rodríguez</bold> Hospital San José Hermosillo. Morelos, 340. CEP: 83148. Hermosillo – México E-mail: cuitla88@hotmail.com </corresp>
				<fn fn-type="conflict">
					<p>Potencial Conflito de Interesse</p>
					<p>Declaro não haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="edited-by">
					<p>Editor responsável pela revisão: Marcelo Tavares</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
				<kwd>COVID-19</kwd>
				<kwd>Ecocardiografia</kwd>
				<kwd>Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<sec sec-type="intro">
				<title>Contexto</title>
				<p>Por sua semelhança com uma armadilha de polvo tradicional japonesa, ou seja, um takotsubo, Hikaru Sato descreveu o primeiro caso de “cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo” em um paciente sem estenose coronariana e balonamento apical sistólico final do ventrículo esquerdo na ventriculografia cardíaca esquerda.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup>A síndrome de Takotsubo (STT) é uma síndrome clínica caracterizada por uma disfunção sistólica ventricular esquerda aguda e transitória relacionada a um evento estressante, emocional ou físico.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> A COVID-19 é um gatilho reconhecido para a STT, sendo o enorme stress emocional causado pela pandemia e todo o espectro de danos miocárdicos associados ao SARS-COV-2 as possíveis explicações.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup></p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="cases">
				<title>Descrição do caso</title>
				<p>Uma paciente do sexo feminino de 88 anos, com esquema vacinal completo para COVID-19, foi admitida em nosso hospital com dispneia e sinais de perfusão inadequada. Seu diagnóstico inicial foi pneumonia devido à COVID-19. Ela não tinha histórico de doenças crônicas.</p>
				<p>Desde a sua chegada, a sua pressão arterial era 84/45 mmHg, a frequência cardíaca, 96, e a saturação de oxigênio, 88%. O eletrocardiograma de 12 derivações mostrou inversão profunda da onda T nas derivações V1-V6, DII, DIII, aVF e intervalo QTc de 689 ms (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01002">Figura 1A</xref>). Nos exames laboratoriais, a troponina I foi de 1,67 ng/mL (intervalo de referência &lt;0,03 ng/mL), peptídeo natriurético cerebral, 1254,5 pg/mL (intervalo de referência 0-100 mg/mL) e D-dímero, 1.236 ng/mL (intervalo de referência &lt;500 ng/mL). mL). O ecocardiograma (ECG) transtorácico também mostrou acinesia dos segmentos médios e discinesia do ápice e segmentos apicais do ventrículo esquerdo (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f03002">Vídeo 1</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01002">Figura 1</xref> C-D). A fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo foi de 37%. Uma angiografia coronária de urgência demonstrou ausência de doença arterial coronariana obstrutiva significativa (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02002">Figura 2</xref> A-D). No entanto, foram encontradas estenoses não significativas da artéria coronária direita proximal, descendente médio-anterior esquerda e circunflexa distal (doença arterial coronariana não obstrutiva concomitante). A ventriculografia esquerda mostrou balonamento apical característico da STT (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f04002">Vídeo 2</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02002">Figura 2</xref> E-F).</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="f01002">
						<label>Figura 1</label>
						<caption>
							<title>– A) Eletrocardiograma inicial mostrando inversão profunda da onda T nas derivações V1-V6, DII, DIII e aVF, além de intervalo QTc corrigido de 689 ms; B) eletrocardiograma após 5 dias demonstrou redução de quase 50% na profundidade da inversão da onda T nas derivações V1-V6; C) diástole final; e D) corte apical de 4 câmaras no final da sístole demonstrando acinesia dos segmentos médios e discinesia do ápice e segmentos apicais do ventrículo esquerdo.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-02-e20240014-gf01-pt.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>
					<media id="f03002" mime-subtype="mp4" mimetype="video" xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-02-e20240014-m01-pt.mp4">
						<label>Vídeo 1</label>
						<caption>
							<title>– <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3702/2024-0014_RC_Video_1.mp4">http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3702/2024-0014_RC_Video_1.mp4</ext-link>
							</title>
						</caption>
					</media>
				</p>
				<p>
					<media id="f04002" mime-subtype="mp4" mimetype="video" xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-02-e20240014-m02-pt.mp4">
						<label>Vídeo 2</label>
						<caption>
							<title>– <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3702/2024-0014_RC_Video_2.mp4">http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3702/2024-0014_RC_Video_2.mp4</ext-link>
							</title>
						</caption>
					</media>
				</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="f02002">
						<label>Figura 2</label>
						<caption>
							<title>– A-D) Cineangiocoronariografia demonstrando ausência de doença arterial coronariana obstrutiva significativa; E-F) ventriculografia esquerda mostrando o balonamento apical característico da STT.</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-02-e20240014-gf02-pt.tif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>A paciente recebeu alto fluxo de oxigênio, dexametasona, enoxaparina e noradrenalina intravenosa. Nos dias seguintes, ela apresentou piora gradativa da função pulmonar, mas a família recusou ventilação mecânica invasiva. O eletrocardiograma de acompanhamento, 5 dias depois, mostrou redução de quase 50% da profundidade na inversão da onda T nas derivações V1-V6, em comparação ao ECG inicial (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01002">Figura 1B</xref>). O ECG de controle demonstrou hipocinesia dos segmentos médio e apical do ventrículo esquerdo, com fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo de 40% (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f05002">Vídeo 3</xref>). A paciente evoluiu para a falência múltipla de órgãos e faleceu 11 dias após a internação.</p>
				<p>
					<media id="f05002" mime-subtype="mp4" mimetype="video" xlink:href="2675-312X-abcimg-37-02-e20240014-m03-pt.mp4">
						<label>Vídeo 3</label>
						<caption>
							<title>– <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3702/2024-0014_RC_Video_3_1.mp4">http://abcimaging.org/supplementary-material/2024/3702/2024-0014_RC_Video_3_1.mp4</ext-link>
							</title>
						</caption>
					</media>
				</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="discussion">
				<title>Discussão</title>
				<p>O caso apresentado neste artigo corrobora a correlação entre STT e COVID-19. As conexões fisiopatológicas entre a COVID-19 e a STT são uma resposta imune exagerada devido a uma tempestade de citocinas, um aumento no sistema nervoso simpático e o desenvolvimento de disfunção microvascular.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> O intervalo QTc foi descrito como sendo mais longo em pacientes com STT do que em infarto do miocárdio e representa 1 no escore diagnóstico InterTak.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> Além disso, quatro estágios da evolução temporal do ECG foram descritos na STT, sendo o estágio 1 uma elevação transitória do segmento ST, o estágio 2, uma inversão inicial da onda T ao longo dos dias 1-3, o estágio 3, uma melhora transitória da inversão da onda T nos dias 2-6, e estágio 4, uma normalização das ondas T observada pelo início dos sintomas na segunda semana.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup>Alinhado a isso, o ECG desta paciente mostrou inversão profunda da onda T nas derivações V1-V6, DII, DIII, aVF e intervalo QTc de 689 ms. No 5º dia após o diagnóstico, uma redução de quase 50% na profundidade da inversão da onda T nas derivações V1-V6 e um intervalo QTc de 460 ms foram correlacionados a uma melhora na contratilidade leve dos segmentos médio e apical do ventrículo esquerdo. Juntamente com o supradesnivelamento do segmento ST, inversões da onda T e intervalo QTc prolongado, o bloqueio atrioventricular completo, o bigeminismo ventricular e a taquicardia sinusal foram descritos na STT relacionada à COVID-19.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup></p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="conclusions">
				<title>Conclusão</title>
				<p>Este caso corrobora a COVID-19 como gatilho para STT e demonstra sua evolução eletrocardiográfica e ecocardiográfica temporal. As inversões profundas iniciais da onda T e o prolongamento do intervalo QTc foram parcialmente resolvidos no 5º dia após o início dos sintomas e correlacionam-se a uma leve melhora na contratilidade dos segmentos médio e apical do ventrículo esquerdo nos exames ecocardiográficos.</p>
			</sec>
		</body>
		<back>
			<fn-group>
				<fn fn-type="other">
					<p>Vinculação Acadêmica</p>
					<p>Não há vinculação deste estudo a programas de pós-graduação.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="other">
					<p>Aprovação Ética e Consentimento Informado</p>
					<p>Este artigo não contém estudos com humanos ou animais realizados por nenhum dos autores.</p>
				</fn>
			</fn-group>
			<fn-group>
				<fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
					<p>Fontes de Financiamento</p>
					<p>O presente estudo não teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
				</fn>
			</fn-group>
		</back>
	</sub-article>
</article>