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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ijcs</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Int J Cardiovasc Sci</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2359-4802</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2359-5647</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">VPLFcrLm48NvXDcDcZJjvDz</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S2359-56472026000101001</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/ijcs.20250180</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">01001</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>The Growing Role of Simulation-Based Learning in Cardiology Education</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1472-4945</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mota</surname>
            <given-names>Diandro Marinho</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1491-2700</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Barcellos</surname>
            <given-names>Fabiano</given-names>
            <suffix>Filho</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Neomed Tech &#8211; Medical</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Neomed Tech &#8211; Medical, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><label>Mailing Address:</label><bold>Diandro Marinho Mota</bold> &#8226; Neomed Tech &#8211; Medical &#8211; Rua Bage, 163 Apt 92. Postal Code <postal-code>04012-140</postal-code>, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil E-mail: <email>diandro@neomed.tech</email>, <email>diandro@me.com</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>13</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>39</volume>
      <elocation-id>e20250180</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>25</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>25</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Cardiology</kwd>
        <kwd>Medical Education</kwd>
        <kwd>Learning</kwd>
        <kwd>Systematic Review</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="7"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <p>Simulation-based learning has emerged as a cornerstone in modern medical education, offering a safe and controlled environment for trainees to acquire and refine complex clinical skills.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> This pedagogical approach is particularly pertinent in dynamic and high-stakes specialties such as cardiology, where precision, rapid decision-making, and technical proficiency are paramount. The systematic review by Silva, Souza, and Santos titled "The Use of Simulation-Based Learning in Cardiology Education: A Systematic Review" provides a comprehensive overview of the current evidence supporting the integration of simulation into cardiology curricula.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> This mini-editorial aims to reflect on the significant contributions of this review and to articulate the journal's perspective on the evolving landscape of simulation in cardiovascular education.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Key findings of the systematic review</title>
        <p>The systematic review meticulously analyzed existing literature, identifying seven key studies that collectively underscore the efficacy of simulation in various aspects of cardiology training. The findings consistently demonstrated that simulation-based interventions lead to tangible improvements in critical skills. Notably, the review highlighted significant enhancements in cardiac auscultation abilities, with studies showing a marked increase in the accuracy of diagnosing cardiac conditions among students exposed to simulation.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Furthermore, the review reported improved recognition of coronary anatomy and enhanced performance in complex interventional procedures such as catheterization and angioplasty.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Beyond technical proficiencies, the studies included in the review also indicated a positive impact on student engagement and satisfaction, suggesting that simulation not only improves learning outcomes but also fosters a more positive and interactive educational experience.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="discussion">
      <title>Discussion and perspective</title>
      <p>The findings presented in the systematic review reinforce the growing consensus that simulation is an indispensable tool in cardiology education. The ability to practice high-risk procedures and manage critical scenarios without compromising patient safety is an invaluable advantage. As noted by Pezel et al., simulation-based training has become a cornerstone of medical education, driven by the imperative of patient safety and the reduction of medical errors.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> This aligns with the review's emphasis on improved clinical outcomes and student confidence.</p>
      <p>However, the broader adoption and optimal integration of simulation still face challenges. As highlighted by Lee et al., inconsistencies in standardization, validation, and access to simulation training persist globally.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> The high cost of simulators, the scarcity of expertise in simulation-based teaching, and the lack of institutional financial support are significant barriers that need to be addressed. Despite these hurdles, the continuous evolution of technology, including virtual reality and augmented reality modules, presents new opportunities for innovation and accessibility.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> These advancements promise to make simulation more realistic and widely available, potentially bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application.</p>
      <p>Moreover, the review's emphasis on student engagement and satisfaction is crucial. In an increasingly technology-driven world, traditional teaching methods may fall short in capturing modern medical students&#8217; attention and fostering active participation. Simulation provides an interactive and immersive learning environment that resonates with contemporary learners, preparing them for the complexities of real-world clinical practice.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> The transferability of skills acquired in simulated environments to actual clinical practice remains a key area of ongoing research, with studies suggesting a positive correlation.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup></p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Conclusion</title>
      <p>The systematic review on simulation-based learning in cardiology education provides compelling evidence of its effectiveness in enhancing both technical skills and student engagement. While challenges related to cost, standardization, and access remain, the continuous advancements in simulation technology and growing recognition of its benefits point towards a future where simulation plays an even more central role in shaping competent and confident cardiologists. Continued investment in research, development, and implementation of high-fidelity simulation programs is essential to further optimize medical education and ultimately improve patient care.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
        <label>Short editorial related to the article:</label>
        <p>The Use of Simulation-Based Learning in Cardiology Education: A Systematic Review</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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