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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ijcs</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Int. J. Cardiovasc. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2359-4802</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2359-5647</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">SG6kktb9jWnVMTbfMzKTmBK</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S2359-56472018000400339</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/2359-4802.20180043</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Disparities in Acute Myocardial Infarction Treatment Between Users of the Public and Private Healthcare System in Sergipe</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>Jussiely Cunha</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>La&#237;s Costa Souza</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>Jeferson Cunha</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">4</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Barreto</surname>
            <given-names>Ikaro Daniel de Carvalho</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">5</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Almeida-Santos</surname>
            <given-names>Marcos Antonio</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Lima</surname>
            <given-names>Ticiane Clair Remacre Munareto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Arcelino</surname>
            <given-names>Larissa Andreline Maia</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">7</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Prado</surname>
            <given-names>Luiz Fl&#225;vio Andrade</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">8</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Silveira</surname>
            <given-names>F&#225;bio Serra</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">8</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nascimento</surname>
            <given-names>Thiago Augusto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">9</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ferreira</surname>
            <given-names>Eduardo Jos&#233; Pereira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">8</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">10</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Barreto</surname>
            <given-names>Rafael Vasconcelos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">8</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Moraes</surname>
            <given-names>Enilson Vieira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mendon&#231;a</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Teles de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">8</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">9</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">11</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sousa</surname>
            <given-names>Antonio Carlos Sobral</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">10</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">11</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Barreto-Filho</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Augusto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">10</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">11</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Sergipe</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">N&#250;cleo de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>S&#227;o Crist&#243;v&#227;o</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">N&#250;cleo de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), S&#227;o Crist&#243;v&#227;o, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Tiradentes</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Tiradentes (UNIT), Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Primavera</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Primavera, Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Sergipe</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Farm&#225;cia</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Lagarto</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Farm&#225;cia da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Lagarto, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff5">
        <label>5</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Sergipe</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Estat&#237;stica</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Estat&#237;stica da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff6">
        <label>6</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Funda&#231;&#227;o S&#227;o Lucas</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa da Funda&#231;&#227;o S&#227;o Lucas, Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff7">
        <label>7</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Faculdade Est&#225;cio de S&#225;</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Faculdade Est&#225;cio de S&#225;, Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff8">
        <label>8</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Funda&#231;&#227;o Benefic&#234;ncia Hospital de Cirurgia</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Funda&#231;&#227;o Benefic&#234;ncia Hospital de Cirurgia, Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff9">
        <label>9</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o, Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff10">
        <label>10</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Sergipe</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Medicina</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>S&#227;o Crist&#243;v&#227;o</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), S&#227;o Crist&#243;v&#227;o, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff11">
        <label>11</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">UFS</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital Universit&#225;rio</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Divis&#227;o de Cardiologia</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>S&#227;o Crist&#243;v&#227;o</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Divis&#227;o de Cardiologia do Hospital Universit&#225;rio da UFS, S&#227;o Crist&#243;v&#227;o, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Jos&#233; Augusto Barreto-Filho</bold> Avenida Gon&#231;alo Prado Rollemberg, 211, sala 202. Postal Code: 49010-410, Aracaju, SE - Brazil. E-mail: <email>joseaugusto.se@gmail.com</email>, <email>jasbf@cardiol.br</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Author contributions</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Barreto IDC, Arcelino LAM, Prado LFA, Silveira FS, Nascimento TA, Ferreira EJP, Barreto RV, Moraes EV, Mendon&#231;a JT, Sousa ACS, Barreto-Filho JA. Acquisition of data: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Lima TCRM, Arcelino LAM, Barreto-Filho JA. Analysis and interpretation of the data: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Barreto IDC, Almeida-Santos MA, Lima TCRM, Arcelino LAM, Sousa ACS, Barreto-Filho JA. Statistical analysis: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Barreto IDC, Almeida-Santos MA, Barreto-Filho JA. Obtaining financing: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Barreto-Filho JA. Writing of the manuscript: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Arcelino LAM, Barreto-Filho JA. Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Barreto IDC, Almeida-Santos MA, Lima TCRM, Arcelino LAM, Prado LFA, Silveira FS, Nascimento TA, Ferreira EJP, Barreto RV, Moraes EV, Mendon&#231;a JT, Sousa ACS, Barreto-Filho JA. Supervision / as the major investigador: Barreto-Filho JA.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
        <season>Jul-Aug</season>
        <year>2018</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>31</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>339</fpage>
      <lpage>358</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>05</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2017</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>03</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2017</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2017</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <title>Abstract</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Background:</title>
          <p>The Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) was created to ensure universal, integral and equitable access to quality healthcare to Brazilians. However, studies scrutinizing the quality of the healthcare provided by the SUS are scarce. This is especially critical for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), who depend on healthcare system responsiveness and timely reperfusion to achieve better outcomes.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objective:</title>
          <p>To describe the methodology of the VICTIM Registry aimed at characterizing and comparing the access to effective therapies and the outcomes of patients with STEMI, who use the SUS and the private healthcare system at hospitals capable of performing angioplasty in Sergipe. In addition, that registry aimed at identifying and measuring possible disparities in the quality of the care provided.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Methods and Results:</title>
          <p>The VICTIM Registry is an observational study, launched in December 2014, being still in the data collection phase, to investigate: the epidemiology of STEMI in Sergipe, the temporal and geographic courses of the patients up to their admission to one of the hospitals capable of performing angioplasty, the reperfusion therapy rates, the quality of the healthcare provided during the event, and the 30-day mortality. It compares the results obtained in the SUS with those of the private healthcare system.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclusions:</title>
          <p>The VICTIM Registry is an interinstitutional effort to identify opportunities for healthcare improvement for SUS and private healthcare system patients with STEMI. It is expected to provide healthcare managers with information to support new, more efficient and equitable healthcare policies.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords:</title>
        <kwd>Myocardial Infarction</kwd>
        <kwd>Healthcare Disparities</kwd>
        <kwd>Unified Health System</kwd>
        <kwd>Private Health Care Coverage</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <p>The guarantee that health is a constitutional right and the subsequent creation of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) are fundamental landmarks of the Brazilian public health.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> Based on that, every Brazilian would have universal, integral and equitable access to quality healthcare.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> Although the SUS is more than three decades old, the quality of the healthcare it provides has been insufficiently scrutinized by the Science of Results.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> This is particularly critical because 72.1% of the Brazilian population essentially depends on SUS, and only 27.9% of the Brazilians have some other type of healthcare coverage.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) continues to be the major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in Brazil and worldwide.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref> In ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the immediate access to reperfusion therapies increases substantially the chance of survival.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> Although myocardial reperfusion for STEMI has been established since the 1980s,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref> contemporary data from several countries and regions have shown the variability and underuse of that therapy and several other pharmacological or procedural practices, essential to the treatment of patients with STEMI.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref> Developing countries, however, lack studies on the quality of the care provided to patients with AMI. In Brazil, studies investigating the quality of the healthcare provided by SUS are scarce.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Therefore, generating representative and comprehensive knowledge on the healthcare quality provided by SUS is justified, in addition to assessing the existence of disparity as compared to the healthcare quality provided by the private system, which, if confirmed, should be quantified. However, assessing the healthcare provided to patients with STEMI in the huge territory of Brazil is a challenge. To fill that gap, limiting the research field to a circumscribed geography and developing pilot projects can be the most realistic strategy.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Thus, Sergipe, by being the smallest state in Brazil, counting on only four referral hospitals specialized in cardiovascular diseases, can serve as a laboratory to measure the presumed disparity in the healthcare provided by the SUS and the private system to treat patients with STEMI.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Context of the VICTIM Registry</title>
        <p>The VICTIM (<italic>Via Crucis para o Tratamento do Infarto do Mioc&#225;rdio</italic>) Registry was designed to investigate and compare patients with STEMI cared for in the public and private health systems considering the following major objectives: 1) celerity in the search for medical care; 2) temporal and geographic course of patients, from symptom onset to search for care and access to referral hospitals specialized in cardiovascular disease; 3) demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients with STEMI referred to the centers specialized in cardiovascular disease in the State of Sergipe; 4) access to the myocardial reperfusion therapies occurring during transportation to those centers and those occurring upon arrival there; 5) to assess whether the healthcare practices of public and private health services are aligned with the metric indicators that represent hospital care quality for the management of STEMI; 6) the rate of cardiovascular events occurring in-hospital and up to 30 days from the index event. In addition, the VICTIM Registry has the following general objectives: 7) to collaborate with the institutions participating in the process of improving the quality of the care provided to patients with STEMI; 8) to identify opportunities of improving the quality of the care provided to patients with STEMI in the entire State of Sergipe; 9) to disseminate knowledge at local and national levels; 10) to serve as a research platform for larger, multicenter and national studies; 11) to influence the public policies regarding the healthcare provided to patients with STEMI at state and national levels, in addition to other countries with similar socioeconomic characteristics.</p>
        <p>The present study describes the methodology of the VICTIM Registry and discusses its potential implications.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Domains analyzed</title>
        <p>For the outline of the VICTIM Registry, the following domains were considered (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1</xref>):</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f1">
            <label>Figure 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Domains analyzed in the VICTIM Registry.</title>
              <p>STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; AMI: acute myocardial infarction.</p>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
        <p>
          <list list-type="alpha-upper">
            <list-item>
              <p>Epidemiology of STEMI at referral hospitals</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
              <p>Pre-hospital healthcare quality</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
              <p>Healthcare quality at the referral center</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
              <p>Clinical outcomes</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
              <p>Post-discharge healthcare quality</p>
            </list-item>
          </list>
        </p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>History of the project</title>
        <p>Pilot projects for the VICTIM Registry were conducted from May 2013 to November 2014 aimed at training the data collection team and at raising awareness in each referral center about the need for studies on the healthcare quality provided to patients with STEMI. During that period, 319 patients were included in the study, 274 from the public healthcare and 45 from the private healthcare. During that phase, the variables to be collected were defined, the collection tool was refined (Annex A), and the logistic of data collection was adjusted regarding the number of field researchers, their training in the field and their allocation to the centers.</p>
        <p>In December 2014, data collection finally started to feed the VICTIM Registry, an ongoing phase for greater sample representativeness. To participate in the study, the field researcher should undergo training, consisting of a formal presentation of the research&#8217;s objectives and the data collection methodology, by using the appropriate tool. Then, each investigator underwent a supervised training with the study coordinator at the hospital of allocation to become acquainted with the research site and its functioning routines, in addition to being instructed on data collection. After that basic training, the researchers could undertake their specific tasks. Whenever necessary, the members of the teams underwent updating trainings aimed at refining the technique of data collection. Since the beginning of the post-pilot phase, the coordinators have taken constant and very good care of data collection.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="methods">
      <title>Methods</title>
      <sec>
        <title>Hospitals of the state of Sergipe included in the VICTIM Registry</title>
        <p>Sergipe is the smallest state of Brazil, occupies an area of 21,918.454 km<sup>2</sup>, has 75 municipalities, the city of Aracaju is the capital, and the Metropolitan region includes the municipalities of Barra dos Coqueiros, Nossa Senhora do Socorro and S&#227;o Crist&#243;v&#227;o.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref> The state has 34 general hospitals, 14 of which are public hospitals, 10 are philanthropic hospitals and 10 are private hospitals.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>
				</p>
        <p>The VICTIM Registry portrays the care provided to patients with STEMI admitted to the four cardiovascular hospitals of Sergipe that have interventional cardiology services. All of them are located in the city of Aracaju, one provides care to the users of SUS (hospital 1), and three are private hospitals that provide care to users of the supplemental healthcare system (hospitals 2, 3 and 4) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Table 1</xref>). All four hospitals can perform primary angioplasty and heart surgery seven days a week.</p>
        <table-wrap id="t1">
          <label>Table 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Characteristics of the hospitals participating in the VICTIM Registry</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="20%"/>
              <col width="20%"/>
              <col width="20%"/>
              <col width="20%"/>
              <col width="20%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left" rowspan="2" style="background-color:#C5C6C8">Characteristics of the hospitals </th>
                <th align="center" style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;background-color:#C5C6C8">Public hospital patientsN (370<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN2">*</xref>)</th>
                <th align="center" colspan="3" style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;background-color:#C5C6C8">Private hospital patientsN (82<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN2">*</xref>)</th>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <th align="center" style="background-color:#C5C6C8">Hospital 1 (370<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN2">*</xref>)</th>
                <th align="center" style="background-color:#C5C6C8">Hospital 2 (35<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN2">*</xref>)</th>
                <th align="center" style="background-color:#C5C6C8">Hospital 3 (17<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN2">*</xref>)</th>
                <th align="center" style="background-color:#C5C6C8">Hospital 4 (30<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN2">*</xref>)</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Location</td>
                <td align="center">Capital</td>
                <td align="center">Capital</td>
                <td align="center">Capital</td>
                <td align="center">Capital</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Type </td>
                <td align="center">Non-profit-making</td>
                <td align="center">Profit-making</td>
                <td align="center">Profit-making</td>
                <td align="center">Profit-making</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Total number of beds</td>
                <td align="center">279</td>
                <td align="center">208</td>
                <td align="center">147</td>
                <td align="center">49</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">COU beds</td>
                <td align="center">10</td>
                <td align="center">10</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">8</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">General hospital</td>
                <td align="center">YES</td>
                <td align="center">YES</td>
                <td align="center">YES</td>
                <td align="center">NO</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Access as user of SUS</td>
                <td align="center">YES</td>
                <td align="center">NO</td>
                <td align="center">NO</td>
                <td align="center">NO</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ability to perform PCI</td>
                <td align="center">YES</td>
                <td align="center">YES</td>
                <td align="center">YES</td>
                <td align="center">YES</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ability to perform heart surgery</td>
                <td align="center">YES</td>
                <td align="center">YES</td>
                <td align="center">YES</td>
                <td align="center">YES</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Patients admitted via direct access<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN2">*</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">6 (1.5%)</td>
                <td align="center">27 (77%)</td>
                <td align="center">15 (88%)</td>
                <td align="center">12 (40%)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Patients admitted via referral<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN2">*</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">364 (98.5%)</td>
                <td align="center">8 (23%)</td>
                <td align="center">2 (12%)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (60%)</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN1">
              <p>N: Number of patients; COU: Coronary Unit; SUS: Brazilian Unified Health System; PCI: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention;</p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN2">
              <label>(*)</label>
              <p>Period: December 2014 to April 2016.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>In the VICTIM Registry, the public hospital is philanthropic, but has no direct entrance to the emergency unit. The users of SUS have access to that public hospital through referral from another health unit.</p>
        <p>The private hospitals, however, provide care to a heterogeneous population, comprising patients with different health insurance plans and those who choose to pay for their own healthcare. Each of the three private hospitals has its specific set of health insurance plans, which makes their population heterogeneous. Such hospitals have direct entrance to their emergency units, thus, the patient can have direct access to those hospitals or can be referred from another health institution.</p>
        <p>In the state of Sergipe, 80.7% of the population has no health insurance, relying, therefore, on the SUS, depending consequently on one single hospital as reference for the treatment of STEMI. The other 19.3% of the population has health insurance, counting on three hospitals with catheterization laboratory. Because of the lack of the necessary responsiveness in the SUS, some patients, even with neither health insurance nor a favorable economic condition, opt for the private service care.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Except for those four hospitals, no other hospital of the Sergipe healthcare system has a team of cardiologists on call or a clinical team capable of identifying and treating patients with STEMI, especially regarding the prescription of thrombolytic agents or the infrastructure to perform primary angioplasty.</p>
        <p>The basic assumption is that the care provided to patients with STEMI in the four cardiovascular referral hospitals has the best quality in the state (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 2</xref>). Thus, to compare the quality of the care provided to users of the SUS with that provided at the three private hospitals will reflect the best public and private healthcare provided in the state of Sergipe.</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f2">
            <label>Figure 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Location of the regional hospitals that can perform angioplasty in the state of Sergipe.</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Eligibility of the patients</title>
        <p>Patients with the following characteristics are considered eligible for the VICTIM Registry: both sexes; older than 18 years; clinical findings compatible with acute coronary syndrome and electrocardiogram (ECG) showing persistent ST-segment elevation &gt; 1 mm on two contiguous leads;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> and who provide written informed consent.</p>
        <p>The diagnosis of AMI is confirmed later, based on the classical changes of the biomarkers CK-MB and/or troponin,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> taking into consideration the final opinion of the medical team.</p>
        <p>Patients meeting the eligibility criteria described will be included in this study.</p>
        <p>The following patients will be excluded: (1) those who die before the interview; (2) patients who develop STEMI inside the hospital, whose pre-hospital phase cannot be characterized; (3) those who refuse to provide written informed consent; (4) those whose acute event of STEMI is characterized as reinfarction (new AMI within 30 days from the incident infarction); (5) individuals whose diagnosis is changed, that is, their initial diagnostic suspicion of STEMI is not confirmed during hospitalization; (6) patients cared for by use of their health insurance at a philanthropic hospital (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">Figure 3</xref>).</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f3">
            <label>Figure 3</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Flowchart representing the exclusion criteria for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).</title>
              <p>AMI: acute myocardial infarction.</p>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf03.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Data collection</title>
        <p>The team of field researchers is subdivided so that there is a fixed schedule with a researcher on duty every day of the week at the hospitals participating in the study. This ensures an active search is performed every day for patients with STEMI admitted to the four hospitals of the study.</p>
        <p>After the patients provide written informed consent, data are collected as follows: (1) from their medical records with extraction of data pertinent to the study; (2) from an interview with the patients.</p>
        <p>The interview collected the following demographic variables: age; socioeconomic level; educational level; marital status; pathological history; and time-related elements, such as the date and hour of symptom onset, the time that help was required, the time the patient arrived at the first institution that could not perform angioplasty, and the time the patient arrived at the specialized institution. From the medical records, the following data are retrieved: characteristics of the diagnostic ECG with ST-segment elevation, physical examination and laboratory tests, drugs used within 24 hours from STEMI detection, tests performed on admission, such as echocardiography and coronary angiography, data regarding the angioplasty or revascularization surgery, in addition to data regarding the in-hospital outcomes.</p>
        <p>Fortnightly meetings with the team are systematically held to assess the progress of the investigation and occasional adjudication of doubtful cases, in addition to assessing the quality of data collection.</p>
        <p>To obtain the data regarding the outcomes of patients included in the registry, a phone call with structured interview is performed 30 days after the detection of STEMI. On the occasion, the coordinator responsible for the calls gets information with the patients and/or their guardians on the occurrence of death, reinfarction, heart failure, cardiogenic shook, angina pectoris, stroke, hemorrhage, cardiac arrest and/or new hospitalization, in addition to assessing whether the patients attended a specialized consultation after discharge, and, if not, whether they have one scheduled.</p>
        <p>When the patient cannot be reached via telephone, other resources are used, such as a relative&#8217;s or neighbor&#8217;s telephone contact, e-mail or post letter with the major researcher&#8217;s contacts, to minimize data loss.</p>
        <p>If the patient remains hospitalized for 30 days, the final visit is performed during hospitalization, and after that the patient&#8217;s participation in the study ends.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Case report form and data bank</title>
        <p>Case report form (CRF) is the collection tool (Annex A) adopted by the VICTIM Registry and comprises the following: (1) patient&#8217;s identification; (2) eligibility; (3) time line; (4) clinical presentation; (5) hospitalization; (6) outcomes. In 2015, the CRF passed from the print version to the electronic version, in which data storage is virtually fed, facilitating their maintenance and reducing the form filling out process errors. The data collected in loco are stored in an electronic cloud, ensuring lower risk for data loss.</p>
        <p>Data originating from the electronic CRF are transferred to a spreadsheet, facilitating their analysis and interpretation. The system is always fed by a researcher who underwent previous training and is the sole responsible for that activity. Aiming at minimizing errors of data bank input, the procedure is performed systematically right after patient&#8217;s assessment. Each CRF entered into the system receives an identification number, eliminating, thus, the need for contact with the names of the patients included in the study, and ensuring the right to anonymity.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Statistical analysis</title>
        <p>Qualitative variables will be expressed as frequency (percentage), and quantitative variables will undergo Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to determine the distribution type; those meeting the normality assumption will be expressed as mean and standard deviation. The variables without a normal distribution will be described as median and interquartile range or maximum and minimum values. The qualitative variables will be compared by using Pearson&#8217;s chi-square test or Fisher exact test, when appropriate.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref> Non-paired Student t test will be used to compare between the two major groups when the continuous or discrete variables have normal distribution. In case of asymmetric distribution, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test will be used.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>
				</p>
        <p>To assess the effect of demography, clinical data, laboratory data and the time for reperfusion treatment to be performed, a model of multivariate logistic regression will be used with generalized equations that consider the clustering effect<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref> and stratified Cox regression.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref>
				</p>
        <p>The Kaplan-Meier method<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref> and the log-rank test<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref> will be used to compare event-free survival curves in users of the SUS and of the private hospitals, with and without adjustment for the confounding variables. The SPSS Statistics program for Windows version 17 and R Core Team 2014<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref> will be used for the statistical analysis. The significance level adopted in future analyses will be 5%.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Ethical considerations</title>
        <p>Before entering the study, all volunteers or their guardians provide a written informed consent. Illiterate individuals who choose to participate in the study complete the informed consent process by signing with a fingerprint and two literate witnesses verify the process with a signature. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee in Research of the Federal University of Sergipe (n&#186; 23392313.4.0000.5546).</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Commitment of the VICTIM team</title>
        <p>In addition to answering specific questions, the leaders of the VICTIM Registry are committed to continuously spreading the study results aiming at contributing to improve the healthcare quality for AMI. The present investigation is expected to provide constantly and systematically the health managers with technical information that can support new health policies or care strategies, contributing to the construction of a more efficient and equitable healthcare system. The central idea is to identify in the presently practiced line of care opportunities to improve the care provided regarding infrastructure, logistics of healthcare processes and especially the healthcare results.</p>
        <p>In addition, the VICTIM Registry is expected to constitute a continuous field of training in several research areas, such as cardiovascular biomedicine, outcomes research and health services, for post-graduate and graduate students, to aid in the scientific qualification and formation of researchers in the health sciences area.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>em nome do grupo de pesquisadores do Registro VICTIM</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by">
        <p>
          <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This study was partially funded by CNPq 14/2013 &#8211; Universal.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Study Association</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This article is part of the thesis of Doctoral submitted by Jussiely Cunha Oliveira, from Universidade Federal de Sergipe.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Ethics approval and consent to participate</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal de Sergipe under the protocol number 483.749. All the procedures in this study were in accordance with the 1975 Helsinki Declaration, updated in 2013. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <app-group>
      <app id="app1">
        <label>Annex A</label>
        <title>Data collection tool</title>
        <p>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Artigos Originais</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Disparidades no Tratamento do Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio entre Usu&#225;rios dos Sistemas de Sa&#250;de P&#250;blico e Privado em Sergipe</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>Jussiely Cunha</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>La&#237;s Costa Souza</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>Jeferson Cunha</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14">3</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15">4</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Barreto</surname>
            <given-names>Ikaro Daniel de Carvalho</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16">5</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Almeida-Santos</surname>
            <given-names>Marcos Antonio</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">6</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Lima</surname>
            <given-names>Ticiane Clair Remacre Munareto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Arcelino</surname>
            <given-names>Larissa Andreline Maia</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff18">7</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Prado</surname>
            <given-names>Luiz Fl&#225;vio Andrade</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff19">8</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Silveira</surname>
            <given-names>F&#225;bio Serra</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff19">8</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nascimento</surname>
            <given-names>Thiago Augusto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff20">9</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ferreira</surname>
            <given-names>Eduardo Jos&#233; Pereira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">6</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff19">8</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff21">10</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Barreto</surname>
            <given-names>Rafael Vasconcelos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff19">8</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Moraes</surname>
            <given-names>Enilson Vieira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mendon&#231;a</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Teles de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff19">8</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff20">9</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff22">11</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sousa</surname>
            <given-names>Antonio Carlos Sobral</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">6</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff21">10</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff22">11</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Barreto-Filho</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Augusto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">6</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff21">10</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff22">11</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff12">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="original">N&#250;cleo de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), S&#227;o Crist&#243;v&#227;o, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff13">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Tiradentes (UNIT), Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff14">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Primavera, Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff15">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Farm&#225;cia da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Lagarto, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff16">
        <label>5</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Estat&#237;stica da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff17">
        <label>6</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa da Funda&#231;&#227;o S&#227;o Lucas, Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff18">
        <label>7</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Faculdade Est&#225;cio de S&#225;, Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff19">
        <label>8</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Funda&#231;&#227;o Benefic&#234;ncia Hospital de Cirurgia, Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff20">
        <label>9</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o, Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff21">
        <label>10</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), S&#227;o Crist&#243;v&#227;o, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff22">
        <label>11</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Divis&#227;o de Cardiologia do Hospital Universit&#225;rio da UFS, S&#227;o Crist&#243;v&#227;o, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Jos&#233; Augusto Barreto-Filho</bold> Avenida Gon&#231;alo Prado Rollemberg, 211, sala 202. CEP: 49010-410, Aracaju, SE - Brasil. E-mail: <email>joseaugusto.se@gmail.com</email>, <email>jasbf@cardiol.br</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Barreto IDC, Arcelino LAM, Prado LFA, Silveira FS, Nascimento TA, Ferreira EJP, Barreto RV, Moraes EV, Mendon&#231;a JT, Sousa ACS, Barreto-Filho JA. Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Lima TCRM, Arcelino LAM, Barreto-Filho JA. An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Barreto IDC, Almeida-Santos MA, Lima TCRM, Arcelino LAM, Sousa ACS, Barreto-Filho JA. An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Barreto IDC, Almeida-Santos MA, Barreto-Filho JA. Obten&#231;&#227;o de financiamento: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Barreto-Filho JA. Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Arcelino LAM, Barreto-Filho JA. Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Barreto IDC, Almeida-Santos MA, Lima TCRM, Arcelino LAM, Prado LFA, Silveira FS, Nascimento TA, Ferreira EJP, Barreto RV, Moraes EV, Mendon&#231;a JT, Sousa ACS, Barreto-Filho JA. Supervis&#227;o / como investigador principal: Barreto-Filho JA.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potencial Conflito de Interesse</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <abstract>
        <title>Resumo</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Fundamentos:</title>
          <p>Com a cria&#231;&#227;o do SUS, todos teriam acesso universal, integral e equ&#226;nime &#224; assist&#234;ncia de sa&#250;de de qualidade. Entretanto, existe grande lacuna de estudos escrutinizando o SUS no tocante &#224; qualidade assistencial praticada. Esse fato &#233; especialmente cr&#237;tico para v&#237;timas de infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST), sendo a responsividade do sistema e o uso da reperfus&#227;o em tempo h&#225;bil fatores cardinais para obten&#231;&#227;o de melhores resultados.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivo:</title>
          <p>Descrever a metodologia empregada no Registro VICTIM que tem como objetivo caracterizar e comparar o acesso e o uso de terapias efetivas e desfechos entre os pacientes com IAMCSST usu&#225;rios do SUS e do sistema privado atendidos nos hospitais com capacidade de realizar angioplastia em Sergipe, tentanto identificar e mensurar eventuais disparidades na qualidade da assist&#234;ncia.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todos e Resultados:</title>
          <p>O Registro VICTIM &#233; um estudo observacional, iniciado em dezembro de 2014, e ainda em fase de coleta, com a inten&#231;&#227;o de investigar a epidemiologia do IAMCSST em Sergipe, os cursos temporal e geogr&#225;fico dos pacientes at&#233; sua admiss&#227;o em uma institui&#231;&#227;o com capacidade de realizar angioplastia, uso de terapias de reperfus&#227;o, qualidade assistencial recebida durante a linha de cuidado, bem como a mortalidade de 30 dias, comparando-se os resultados obtidos pela popula&#231;&#227;o usu&#225;ria do SUS e do sistema privado.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclus&#245;es:</title>
          <p>O registro VICTIM &#233; um esfor&#231;o interinstitucional para identificar oportunidades de melhoria na linha de cuidado para IAMCSST de usu&#225;rios do SUS e do sistema privado. Com isso, espera-se municiar os gestores p&#250;blicos de informa&#231;&#245;es t&#233;cnicas que embasem novas pol&#237;ticas de sa&#250;de mais eficientes e equ&#226;nimes.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave:</title>
        <kwd>Infarto do Mioc&#225;rdio, Disparidades em Assist&#234;ncia &#224; Sa&#250;de, Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de</kwd>
        <kwd>Cobertura de Servi&#231;os Privados de Sa&#250;de</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
        <p>A garantia de que sa&#250;de &#233; um direito constitucional e a subsequente cria&#231;&#227;o do Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de (SUS) s&#227;o marcos fundamentais da sa&#250;de p&#250;blica brasileira.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> A partir do novo delineamento, todos teriam acesso universal, integral e equ&#226;nime &#224; assist&#234;ncia de sa&#250;de de qualidade.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> Na terceira d&#233;cada da sua cria&#231;&#227;o, a qualidade assistencial do SUS ainda tem sido insuficientemente escrutinizada pela ci&#234;ncia de resultados.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> Esse fato &#233; especialmente cr&#237;tico em virtude de que 72,1% da popula&#231;&#227;o brasileira &#233; essencialmente dependente do SUS e apenas 27,9% dos brasileiros disp&#245;em de algum outro tipo de cobertura assistencial de sa&#250;de.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>
				</p>
        <p>O infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio (IAM) continua sendo a principal causa de morbimortalidade cardiovascular no Brasil e no mundo.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref> No IAM com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST), ter acesso imediato &#224;s terapias de reperfus&#227;o aumenta, substancialmente, a chance de o paciente sobreviver.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> Apesar de a reperfus&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica para o IAMCSST ter sido estabelecida desde a d&#233;cada de 80,9 dados contempor&#226;neos de v&#225;rios pa&#237;ses e regi&#245;es demonstram a grande variabilidade e subutiliza&#231;&#227;o no uso desta modalidade terap&#234;utica e de v&#225;rias outras pr&#225;ticas, farmacol&#243;gicas ou processuais, essenciais no tratamento de portadores de IAMCSST.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref> Infelizmente, nos pa&#237;ses em desenvolvimento, existe grande car&#234;ncia de estudos que retratem a qualidade do cuidado &#224;s v&#237;timas de IAM. Especialmente no Brasil, existe lacuna de estudos investigando a qualidade assistencial praticada no SUS.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Portanto, justifica-se gerar conhecimento representativo e compreensivo acerca da qualidade assistencial praticada pelo SUS, avaliar se existe disparidade quando comparada &#224; qualidade assistencial praticada pelo sistema de sa&#250;de privado e, em caso positivo, medir o tamanho dessa distor&#231;&#227;o. Todavia, capturar o cen&#225;rio que represente o atendimento ao IAMCSST em um territ&#243;rio com dimens&#245;es continentais como o brasileiro constitui um desafio. Limitar o campo de pesquisa a uma geografia circunscrita e desenvolver projetos pilotos pode ser a estrat&#233;gia mais realista para preencher tal lacuna.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Nesse contexto, Sergipe, por ser o menor estado da na&#231;&#227;o, dispondo de apenas quatro hospitais refer&#234;ncia em doen&#231;as cardiovasculares, poder&#225; servir de laborat&#243;rio para a iniciativa de se mensurar a presumida disparidade assistencial do SUS e do sistema privado no atendimento &#224;s v&#237;timas de IAMCSST.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>Contextualiza&#231;&#227;o do Registro VICTIM</title>
          <p>O Registro VICTIM (Via Crucis para o Tratamento do Infarto do Mioc&#225;rdio) foi delineado com os objetivos principais de investigar e comparar, entre os pacientes com IAMCSST atendidos na rede p&#250;blica e privada: 1) a celeridade daqueles na busca por assist&#234;ncia m&#233;dica; 2) o curso temporal e geogr&#225;fico dos enfermos, desde o in&#237;cio dos sintomas, busca por atendimento e acesso &#224;s institui&#231;&#245;es consideradas de refer&#234;ncia cardiovascular; 3) as caracter&#237;sticas demogr&#225;ficas e cl&#237;nicas dos portadores de IAMCSST que s&#227;o encaminhados aos &#250;nicos centros de refer&#234;ncia cardiovascular do Estado de Sergipe; 4) o acesso &#224;s terapias de reperfus&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica ocorridas no percurso e ap&#243;s a chegada a tais institui&#231;&#245;es; 5) se as pr&#225;ticas assistenciais dos servi&#231;os p&#250;blicos e privados est&#227;o alinhadas aos indicadores m&#233;tricos que representam qualidade assistencial hospitalar para o manuseio do IAMCSST; 6) as taxas de eventos cardiovasculares intra-hospitalares e at&#233; 30 dias do evento &#237;ndice. Ademais, o Registro VICTIM tem os seguintes objetivos gerais: 7) colaborar com as institui&#231;&#245;es participantes no processo de melhoria na qualidade da linha de cuidado do IAMCSST; 8) identificar oportunidades de melhoria da qualidade assistencial referente ao IAMCSST em todo o estado de Sergipe; 9) disseminar o conhecimento em n&#237;vel local e nacional; 10) servir de plataforma de pesquisa para estudos mais amplos, multic&#234;ntricos e nacionais; 11) influenciar nas pol&#237;ticas p&#250;blicas referentes ao atendimento do IAMCSST em n&#237;vel estadual e nacional, al&#233;m de em pa&#237;ses com caracter&#237;sticas socioecon&#244;micas semelhantes.</p>
          <p>No presente artigo, descrevemos o delineamento metodol&#243;gico e discutimos as potenciais implica&#231;&#245;es do Registro VICTIM.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Dom&#237;nios analisados</title>
          <p>Para o delineamento de Registro VICTIM ser&#227;o levados em considera&#231;&#227;o os dom&#237;nios listados a seguir e descritos na <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">Figura 1</xref>.</p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f4">
              <label>Figura 1</label>
              <caption>
                <title>Dom&#237;nios analisados pelo Registro VICTIM.</title>
              </caption>
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf01-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>
            <list list-type="alpha-upper">
              <list-item>
                <p>Epidemiologia do IAMCSST em hospitais refer&#234;ncia</p>
              </list-item>
              <list-item>
                <p>Qualidade assistencial pr&#233;-hospitalar</p>
              </list-item>
              <list-item>
                <p>Qualidade assistencial no centro de refer&#234;ncia</p>
              </list-item>
              <list-item>
                <p>Desfechos cl&#237;nicos</p>
              </list-item>
              <list-item>
                <p>Qualidade assistencial p&#243;s-alta</p>
              </list-item>
            </list>
          </p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Hist&#243;rico do projeto</title>
          <p>Os pilotos para o Registro VICTIM foram iniciados de maio de 2013 at&#233; novembro de 2014 com intuito de treinar a equipe de coleta e criar cultura, em cada uma das institui&#231;&#245;es, da necessidade de estudos sobre a qualidade assistencial dos pacientes com IAMCSST. Nessa oportunidade foram admitidos no estudo 319 pacientes, sendo 274 atendidos pelo servi&#231;o p&#250;blico e 45 pelo servi&#231;o privado. Nessa fase, foram definidas as vari&#225;veis a serem coletadas, refinamento do instrumento de coleta (Ap&#234;ndice A), e ajuste da log&#237;stica de coleta de dados quanto ao n&#250;mero de pesquisadores em campo, aloca&#231;&#227;o desses nas institui&#231;&#245;es e treinamento das equipes de campo.</p>
          <p>Em dezembro de 2014 iniciou-se, em definitivo, a coleta de dados para alimentar o Registro VICTIM, fase em execu&#231;&#227;o para maior representatividade da amostra. Para participar do estudo na fun&#231;&#227;o de pesquisador de campo, o treinamento consistia em assistir a apresenta&#231;&#227;o formal sobre os objetivos da pesquisa e sobre a metodologia de coleta de dados, mediante instrumento apropriado. Em etapa posterior, cada investigador era submetido a treinamento tutelado e supervisionado pelo coordenador no hospital ao qual seria alocado para reconhecimento do local da pesquisa e das suas rotinas de funcionamento, al&#233;m de ser capacitado para coleta de dados. Findas essas etapas fundamentais, o pesquisador ficava habilitado a assumir as suas tarefas espec&#237;ficas. Sempre que necess&#225;rio, integrantes da equipe eram submetidos a treinamentos de reciclagem visando ao refinamento da t&#233;cnica de coleta. Desde o in&#237;cio da fase p&#243;s piloto, tem sido constante a preocupa&#231;&#227;o dos coordenadores com o zelo na coleta de dados.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="methods">
        <title>M&#233;todos</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Rede hospitalar de Sergipe inclu&#237;da no Registro VICTIM</title>
          <p>Sergipe constitui o menor estado da federa&#231;&#227;o, ocupando uma &#225;rea de 21.918,454 km<sup>2</sup>, composto por 75 munic&#237;pios, tendo Aracaju como capital e sede da Regi&#227;o Metropolitana, que inclui ainda os munic&#237;pios de Barra dos Coqueiros, Nossa Senhora do Socorro e S&#227;o Crist&#243;v&#227;o.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref> No eixo hospitalar, o Estado possui um total de 34 Hospitais Gerais, sendo que desses 14 s&#227;o p&#250;blicos, 10 filantr&#243;picos e 10 privados.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>
					</p>
          <p>O Registro VICTIM retrata o atendimento de IAMCSST dos pacientes admitidos nos quatro &#250;nicos hospitais cardiovasculares de Sergipe que disp&#245;em de servi&#231;o de cardiologia intervencionista. Todos est&#227;o localizados na capital Aracaju, sendo que apenas um realiza atendimento dos pacientes usu&#225;rios do SUS (hospital 1), e tr&#234;s hospitais privados s&#227;o destinados ao atendimento dos portadores de sistema de sa&#250;de suplementar (hospitais 2, 3 e 4) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t2">Tabela 1</xref>). Todos possuem capacidade para realiza&#231;&#227;o de angioplastia prim&#225;ria, nos sete dias da semana, al&#233;m de contarem com servi&#231;o de cirurgia card&#237;aca.</p>
          <table-wrap id="t2">
            <label>Tabela 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Caracter&#237;sticas das institui&#231;&#245;es participantes do Registro VICTIM</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <colgroup>
                <col width="20%"/>
                <col width="20%"/>
                <col width="20%"/>
                <col width="20%"/>
                <col width="20%"/>
              </colgroup>
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left" rowspan="2" style="background-color:#C5C6C8">Caracter&#237;sticas dos hospitais </th>
                  <th align="center" style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;background-color:#C5C6C8">Pacientes servi&#231;o p&#250;blico N (370<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN4">*</xref>)</th>
                  <th align="center" colspan="3" style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;background-color:#C5C6C8">Pacientes servi&#231;o privado N (82<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN4">*</xref>)</th>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <th align="center" style="background-color:#C5C6C8">Hospital 1 (370<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN4">*</xref>)</th>
                  <th align="center" style="background-color:#C5C6C8">Hospital 2 (35<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN4">*</xref>)</th>
                  <th align="center" style="background-color:#C5C6C8">Hospital 3 (17<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN4">*</xref>)</th>
                  <th align="center" style="background-color:#C5C6C8">Hospital 4 (30<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN4">*</xref>)</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Localiza&#231;&#227;o</td>
                  <td align="center">Capital</td>
                  <td align="center">Capital</td>
                  <td align="center">Capital</td>
                  <td align="center">Capital</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Tipo de propriedade</td>
                  <td align="center">Sem fins lucrativos</td>
                  <td align="center">Com fins lucrativos</td>
                  <td align="center">Com fins lucrativos</td>
                  <td align="center">Com fins lucrativos</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">N&#250;mero total de leitos</td>
                  <td align="center">279</td>
                  <td align="center">208</td>
                  <td align="center">147</td>
                  <td align="center">49</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Leitos UCO</td>
                  <td align="center">10</td>
                  <td align="center">10</td>
                  <td align="center">0</td>
                  <td align="center">8</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Hospital Geral</td>
                  <td align="center">SIM</td>
                  <td align="center">SIM</td>
                  <td align="center">SIM</td>
                  <td align="center">N&#195;O</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Acesso como usu&#225;rio do SUS</td>
                  <td align="center">SIM</td>
                  <td align="center">N&#195;O</td>
                  <td align="center">N&#195;O</td>
                  <td align="center">N&#195;O</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Capacidade para realizar ICP</td>
                  <td align="center">SIM</td>
                  <td align="center">SIM</td>
                  <td align="center">SIM</td>
                  <td align="center">SIM</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Capacidade para realizar cirurgia card&#237;aca</td>
                  <td align="center">SIM</td>
                  <td align="center">SIM</td>
                  <td align="center">SIM</td>
                  <td align="center">SIM</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Pacientes admitidos por acesso direto<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN4">*</xref>
									</td>
                  <td align="center">6 (1,5%)</td>
                  <td align="center">27 (77%)</td>
                  <td align="center">15 (88%)</td>
                  <td align="center">12 (40%)</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Pacientes admitidos via encaminhamento<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN4">*</xref>
									</td>
                  <td align="center">364 (98,5%)</td>
                  <td align="center">8 (23%)</td>
                  <td align="center">2 (12%)</td>
                  <td align="center">18 (60%)</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn id="TFN3">
                <p>N: n&#250;mero de pacientes; UCO: unidade cardiol&#243;gica; SUS: Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de; ICP: interven&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria percut&#226;nea;</p>
              </fn>
              <fn id="TFN4">
                <label>(*)</label>
                <p>Estes dados referem-se &#224; descri&#231;&#227;o dos hospitais no per&#237;odo de dezembro de 2014 a abril de 2016.</p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
          <p>O hospital que atende a rede p&#250;blica &#233; filantr&#243;pico, mas n&#227;o possui servi&#231;o de emerg&#234;ncia com porta aberta; para ter acesso, os usu&#225;rios do SUS precisam ser atendidos e referenciados previamente por uma outra unidade de sa&#250;de.</p>
          <p>J&#225; a rede hospitalar privada, atende uma popula&#231;&#227;o heterog&#234;nea, composta de pacientes possuidores de diversos planos de sa&#250;de ou que optam por custear o seu atendimento. Cada um dos tr&#234;s hospitais tem sua carteira espec&#237;fica de planos de sa&#250;de conveniados, o que tamb&#233;m confere alguma heterogeneidade na popula&#231;&#227;o atendida. Tais hospitais funcionam com sistema de porta aberta, ou seja, o paciente tanto pode ter acesso direto a tais hospitais como pode ser encaminhado de outras institui&#231;&#245;es de sa&#250;de.</p>
          <p>Em Sergipe, cerca de 80,7% da popula&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o possui nenhum tipo de plano de sa&#250;de, ou seja, depende do SUS e, portanto, depende de um &#250;nico hospital como refer&#234;ncia para o tratamento do IAMCSST. J&#225; os outros 19,3% da popula&#231;&#227;o que possuem algum tipo de plano de sa&#250;de, disp&#245;em de tr&#234;s hospitais com servi&#231;o de hemodin&#226;mica. Por n&#227;o encontrarem servi&#231;o com a necess&#225;ria responsividade no SUS, alguns pacientes, mesmo sem plano de sa&#250;de ou condi&#231;&#227;o econ&#244;mica favor&#225;vel, optam por serem atendidos em servi&#231;o privado.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>
					</p>
          <p>Afora esses quatro hospitais, nenhum outro hospital do sistema de sa&#250;de do estado de Sergipe disp&#245;e de equipe de cardiologistas de plant&#227;o ou de equipe cl&#237;nica com condi&#231;&#245;es suficientes para identificar e tratar pacientes v&#237;timas de IAMCSST, especialmente no que tange &#224; prescri&#231;&#227;o de agentes trombol&#237;ticos ou de infraestrutura para realiza&#231;&#227;o de angioplastia prim&#225;ria.</p>
          <p>A premissa b&#225;sica &#233; que a qualidade hospitalar, no que tange ao atendimento do IAMCSST, nesses quatro hospitais de refer&#234;ncia cardiovascular, &#233; o melhor cen&#225;rio que dispomos no estado (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f5">Figura 2</xref>). Portanto, comparar a qualidade assistencial experimentada pelos usu&#225;rios do SUS com a qualidade assistencial praticada nos tr&#234;s hospitais privados dar&#225; a no&#231;&#227;o exata da melhor assist&#234;ncia p&#250;blica e privada oferecida no estado de Sergipe.</p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f5">
              <label>Figura 2</label>
              <caption>
                <title>Localiza&#231;&#227;o dos hospitais regionais com capacidade para realizar angioplastia no estado de Sergipe.</title>
              </caption>
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf02-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Elegibilidade dos pacientes</title>
          <p>S&#227;o considerados eleg&#237;veis para o Registro VICTIM pacientes de ambos os sexos, maiores de 18 anos, que apresentem quadro cl&#237;nico compat&#237;vel com s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda e o eletrocardiograma (ECG) exibindo supra-ST persistente &gt; 1 mm em duas deriva&#231;&#245;es cont&#237;guas,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> e que aceitem assinar o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE).</p>
          <p>A confirma&#231;&#227;o do diagn&#243;stico de IAM &#233; realizada, a posteriori, mediante as altera&#231;&#245;es cl&#225;ssicas dos biomarcadores CK-MB e/ou troponina,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> sendo considerado o parecer final da equipe m&#233;dica.</p>
          <p>Ser&#227;o inclu&#237;dos nesta pesquisa os pacientes que atenderem os crit&#233;rios de elegibilidade descritos nos m&#233;todos.</p>
          <p>Ser&#227;o exclu&#237;dos: (1) pacientes que apresentarem &#243;bito antes de realizar a entrevista; (2) pacientes que apresentarem o IAMCSST dentro do hospital, n&#227;o sendo poss&#237;vel caracterizar a etapa pr&#233;-hospitalar; (3) aqueles que se recusarem a assinar o TCLE; (4) sujeitos cujo evento agudo de IAMCSST for caracterizado como reinfarto (ocorrendo novo IAM dentro de 30 dias do infarto incidente); (5) indiv&#237;duos que apresentarem mudan&#231;a de diagn&#243;stico, ou seja, deram entrada nos hospitais terci&#225;rios com suspeita diagn&#243;stica inicial de IAMCSST, n&#227;o confirmada na evolu&#231;&#227;o; (6) pacientes atendidos por conv&#234;nio em hospital filantr&#243;pico (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f6">Figura 3</xref>).</p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f6">
              <label>Figura 3</label>
              <caption>
                <title>Fluxograma representativo dos crit&#233;rios de exclus&#227;o para os pacientes com infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST).</title>
                <p>TCLE: termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido.</p>
              </caption>
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf03-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Coleta de dados</title>
          <p>O grupo de pesquisadores de campo &#233; subdividido de forma que exista uma escala fixa garantindo que haja um pesquisador para cada um dos sete dias da semana nos hospitais participantes do estudo. Com isso, &#233; garantido que todos os dias seja feita busca ativa dos pacientes admitidos com IAMCSST nos quatro hospitais do estudo.</p>
          <p>Ap&#243;s a assinatura do TCLE, procede-se &#224; coleta dos dados que se d&#225; de duas formas: (1) por meio da leitura dos prontu&#225;rios e extra&#231;&#227;o dos dados que forem pertinentes ao estudo; (2) mediante entrevista com o paciente.</p>
          <p>Na entrevista, s&#227;o coletadas as seguintes vari&#225;veis demogr&#225;ficas: idade, classe social, escolaridade e estado civil, dados da hist&#243;ria patol&#243;gica, al&#233;m de elementos referentes &#224; linha do tempo, tais como: data e hora do in&#237;cio dos sintomas, momento que decidiu chamar socorro, hor&#225;rio no qual o paciente chegou &#224; primeira institui&#231;&#227;o sem capacidade de realizar angioplastia (quando h&#225;) e que chegou &#224; institui&#231;&#227;o especializada. Do prontu&#225;rio, coletam-se ainda: caracter&#237;sticas do ECG diagn&#243;stico de supradesnivelamento de ST, dados dos exames f&#237;sico e laboratorial, medicamentos utilizados nas primeiras 24 horas ap&#243;s a detec&#231;&#227;o do IAMCSST, exames da hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o como ecocardiograma e cineangiocoronariografia, dados referentes &#224; angioplastia ou cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o, al&#233;m dos dados referentes aos desfechos hospitalares.</p>
          <p>Reuni&#245;es quinzenais com a equipe s&#227;o realizadas, sistematicamente, para avalia&#231;&#227;o do andamento da investiga&#231;&#227;o e eventual adjudica&#231;&#227;o de casos duvidosos, e verifica&#231;&#227;o da qualidade da coleta de dados.</p>
          <p>Para a obten&#231;&#227;o de dados referentes aos desfechos final&#237;sticos dos pacientes admitidos no registro, s&#227;o realizados contato telef&#244;nico e entrevista estruturada 30 dias ap&#243;s a detec&#231;&#227;o do IAMCSST. Nessa oportunidade, o coordenador respons&#225;vel pelas liga&#231;&#245;es certifica-se com os pacientes e/ou respons&#225;veis sobre a ocorr&#234;ncia de morte, reinfarto, insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca, choque cardiog&#234;nico, angina de peito, acidente vascular cerebral, hemorragia, parada card&#237;aca e/ou nova hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o, al&#233;m de avaliar se o paciente teve consulta especializada no p&#243;s-alta e, em caso negativo, se j&#225; tem data de consulta agendada.</p>
          <p>Quando n&#227;o &#233; poss&#237;vel o contato telef&#244;nico com o sujeito da pesquisa, utiliza-se de outros recursos, tais como telefone de parentes ou vizinhos, e-mail ou carta via correios com contatos do pesquisador principal, com intuito de minimizar a perda de informa&#231;&#245;es.</p>
          <p>Caso o paciente permane&#231;a internado por um prazo de 30 dias, a visita final &#233; realizada durante o internamento; findo esse per&#237;odo, engessa-se a sua participa&#231;&#227;o no estudo.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Case report form e banco de dados</title>
          <p>O <italic>case report form</italic> (CRF) &#233; o instrumento de coleta (Ap&#234;ndice A) adotado pelo VICTIM que compreende os seguintes campos: (1) identifica&#231;&#227;o do paciente; (2) elegibilidade; (3) linha do tempo; (4) apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica; (5) hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o; (6) desfechos. Em 2015, o CRF passou da vers&#227;o impressa para a eletr&#244;nica, na qual o armazenamento dos dados ocorre com alimenta&#231;&#227;o virtual facilitando a manuten&#231;&#227;o dos mesmos e reduzindo erros de preenchimento. Com isso, os dados coletados in loco s&#227;o armazenados em uma nuvem eletr&#244;nica, assegurando, com isso, menor risco de perda de informa&#231;&#245;es.</p>
          <p>Assim, os dados oriundos do CRF eletr&#244;nico s&#227;o transferidos para uma planilha facilitando a sua an&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o. O sistema &#233; sempre alimentado por um pesquisador que recebeu treinamento pr&#233;vio e &#233; o &#250;nico respons&#225;vel por essa atividade. Com o intuito de minimizar erros de alimenta&#231;&#227;o do banco de dados, o procedimento &#233; realizado, de forma sistem&#225;tica, logo ap&#243;s a avalia&#231;&#227;o do paciente. Cada CRF alimentado no sistema recebe, individualmente, um n&#250;mero de identifica&#231;&#227;o, dispensando assim a necessidade de contato com os nomes dos pacientes admitidos no estudo e garantindo o direito ao anonimato.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica</title>
          <p>As vari&#225;veis qualitativas ser&#227;o expressas por frequ&#234;ncia (porcentagem) e as quantitativas ser&#227;o submetidas ao teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov para determina&#231;&#227;o do tipo de distribui&#231;&#227;o; as que preencheram o pressuposto da normalidade ser&#227;o apresentadas por m&#233;dia e desvio-padr&#227;o. As vari&#225;veis que n&#227;o apresentarem distribui&#231;&#227;o normal ser&#227;o descritas com mediana e intervalos interquartis ou valores m&#225;ximo e m&#237;nimo. Para compara&#231;&#245;es entre as vari&#225;veis qualitativas, ser&#227;o empregados o teste de qui-quadrado de Pearson ou exato de Fisher, quando apropriado.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref> O teste <italic>t</italic> de <italic>Student</italic> n&#227;o pareado ser&#225; aplicado para compara&#231;&#245;es entre os dois grupos principais, quando as vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas ou discretas apresentarem distribui&#231;&#227;o normal. Em caso de distribui&#231;&#227;o assim&#233;trica, ser&#225; utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>
					</p>
          <p>Para se avaliar o efeito da demografia, dos dados cl&#237;nicos e laboratoriais e dos tempos para que o tratamento de reperfus&#227;o seja efetivado, ser&#225; usado modelo de regress&#227;o log&#237;stica multivariada com equa&#231;&#245;es generalizadas que consideram o efeito clustering<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref> e a regress&#227;o de Cox Estratificada.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref>
					</p>
          <p>O m&#233;todo de Kaplan-Meier<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref> e o teste de <italic>log-rank</italic><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref> ser&#227;o utilizados para comparar curvas de sobrevida livre de eventos em usu&#225;rios do SUS e da rede privada, com e sem ajuste das vari&#225;veis de confus&#227;o. O programa <italic>SPSS Statistics for Windows</italic> vers&#227;o 17 e <italic>R Core Team</italic> 2014<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref> ser&#227;o utilizados para a an&#225;lise estat&#237;stica. O n&#237;vel de signific&#226;ncia adotado nas futuras an&#225;lises ser&#225; de 5%.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Considera&#231;&#245;es &#233;ticas</title>
          <p>Antes de participarem do estudo, todos os volunt&#225;rios, ou seus respons&#225;veis assinam um TCLE. Para os analfabetos, essa autoriza&#231;&#227;o &#233; feita mediante o registro da impress&#227;o digital, seguido da assinatura de duas testemunhas. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo comit&#234; de &#201;tica em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) sob o parecer n&#186; 23392313.4.0000.5546.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Compromisso do Time VICTIM</title>
          <p>Al&#233;m de responder quest&#245;es espec&#237;ficas, o time de l&#237;deres do Registro VICTIM tem compromisso em disseminar, de forma continuada, os resultados do estudo com o objetivo de contribuir com na melhoria da qualidade assistencial do IAM. A expectativa &#233; de que a presente investiga&#231;&#227;o possa municiar, de forma constante e sistem&#225;tica, os gestores da sa&#250;de com informa&#231;&#245;es t&#233;cnicas que venham servir de embasamento para novas pol&#237;ticas de sa&#250;de ou estrat&#233;gias de cuidado, contribuindo para a constru&#231;&#227;o de um sistema de sa&#250;de mais eficiente e igualit&#225;rio. A ideia central &#233; identificar, na presente linha de cuidado praticada, oportunidades de melhoria assistencial nas dimens&#245;es da infraestrutura, da log&#237;stica dos processos de cuidado e, em especial, dos resultados assistenciais.</p>
          <p>Al&#233;m disso, espera-se que o Registro VICTIM venha a se constituir em campo cont&#237;nuo de treinamento em diversas &#225;reas da pesquisa, tais como: biom&#233;dica cardiovascular, de resultados (outcomes research) e em servi&#231;os de sa&#250;de para estudantes de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o e de gradua&#231;&#227;o, servindo de ve&#237;culo, consequentemente, para auxiliar na capacita&#231;&#227;o e forma&#231;&#227;o cient&#237;fica de pesquisadores na &#225;rea de ci&#234;ncias da sa&#250;de.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>em nome do grupo de pesquisadores do Registro VICTIM</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="supported-by">
          <p>
            <bold>Fontes de Financiamento</bold>
          </p>
          <p>O presente estudo foi parcialmente financiado por CNPq 14/2013 - Universal.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o Acad&#234;mica</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Este artigo &#233; parte de tese de Doutorado de Jussiely Cunha Oliveira pela Universidade Federal de Sergipe.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Aprova&#231;&#227;o &#233;tica e consentimento informado</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica da Universidade Federal de Sergipe sob o n&#250;mero de protocolo 483.749. Todos os procedimentos envolvidos nesse estudo est&#227;o de acordo com a Declara&#231;&#227;o de Helsinki de 1975, atualizada em 2013. O consentimento informado foi obtido de todos os participantes inclu&#237;dos no estudo.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
      <app-group>
        <app id="app2">
          <label>AP&#202;NDICE A</label>
          <title>Instrumento de Coleta de Dados</title>
          <p>
            <fig id="f18">
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf04-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f19">
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf05-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f20">
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf06-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f21">
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf07-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f22">
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf08-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f23">
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf09-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f24">
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf10-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f25">
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf11-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f26">
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf12-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f27">
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf13-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f28">
              <graphic xlink:href="2359-5647-ijcs-31-04-0339-80043-gf14-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
        </app>
      </app-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
