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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brazil</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">79bCDjt4qfBrTsppSRG33Fw</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2012001100016</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v1">S0066-782X(12)09900216</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/S0066-782X2012001100016</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Relato de Caso</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Aneurisma gigante de ponte de safena para coron&#225;ria direita ap&#243;s angioplastia</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Albuquerque</surname>
            <given-names>Mauro Guimar&#227;es</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Farran</surname>
            <given-names>Jorge Alc&#226;ntara</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Pereira</surname>
            <given-names>Carlos Alberto Pires</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Romano</surname>
            <given-names>Edson Renato</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Brotto</surname>
            <given-names>Isabela Neto Macri</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Romano</surname>
            <given-names>Marcelo Luz Pereira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="state"/>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o</institution>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff02">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
      </aff>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2012</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>99</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>e125</fpage>
      <lpage>e127</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>04</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2012</year>
      </pub-date>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>RELATO DE CASO</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Aneurisma gigante de ponte de safena para coron&#225;ria direita ap&#243;s angioplastia</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Mauro Guimar&#227;es Albuquerque<sup>I</sup>; Jorge Alc&#226;ntara Farran<sup>I</sup>; Carlos Alberto Pires Pereira<sup>I,II</sup>; Edson Renato Romano<sup>I</sup>; Isabela Neto Macri Brotto<sup>I</sup>; Marcelo Luz Pereira Romano<sup>I</sup></bold>
    </p>
    <p><sup>I</sup>Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o (HCor) </p>
    <p><sup>II</sup>UNIFESP, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</p>
    <p>
      <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="add2">Correspond&#234;ncia</xref>
    </p>
    <p><bold>Palavras-chave:</bold> Ponte de art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria; veia safena / cirurgia; aneurisma / complica&#231;&#245;es; angioplastia.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Relato do caso</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Homem de 54 anos de idade com dispneia progressiva associada a perda ponderal e epis&#243;dios de febre e diarreia. Hipertenso, dislipid&#234;mico, tabagista, com tr&#234;s Infartos Agudos do Mioc&#225;rdio (IAMs) pr&#233;vios respectivamente h&#225; doze, quatro e tr&#234;s anos. Revascularizado no primeiro IAM (1998) com as seguintes pontes: Mam&#225;ria Esquerda Descendente Anterior (MIE-DA), Aorta Radial Primeira Marginal (AoRadMg1), Aorta Safena Diagonal (AoSafDg), Aorta Safena Segunda Marginal (AoSafMg2), Aorta Safena Coronariana Direita (AoCD). O paciente apresentou Acidente Vascular Cerebral Isqu&#234;mico (AVCI) esquerdo no p&#243;s-operat&#243;rio. No segundo IAM (2006), sem supradesnivelamento do segmento ST que acometeu a parede inferior, evidenciaram-se duas les&#245;es na ponte AoSafCD e na art&#233;ria subcl&#225;via esquerda, sendo tratadas fora da fase aguda com sucesso por via percut&#226;nea (dois "<italic>stents</italic>" farmacol&#243;gicos na ponte, "Taxus" e "Endeavor", e um convencional na subcl&#225;via: "Palmaz-genesis"). Um ano ap&#243;s, teve novo IAM no mesmo territ&#243;rio, com les&#227;o entre os "<italic>stents</italic>". Tentou-se nova angioplastia com "<italic>stent</italic>" convencional na fase aguda, sem sucesso. Permaneceu em tratamento clinico at&#233; ent&#227;o. Ao exame f&#237;sico apresentava-se taquidispneico, afebril, taquic&#225;rdico, normotenso, com epis&#243;dios de dessatura&#231;&#227;o. O raio X de entrada mostrava congest&#227;o bilateral. O ecocardiograma demonstrava uma fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o de 52% com acinesia m&#233;dio-basal de parede &#237;nfero-posterior com restri&#231;&#227;o do enchimento do &#225;trio esquerdo por compress&#227;o extr&#237;nseca. As enzimas card&#237;acas, pept&#237;deo natriur&#233;tico atrial (BNP), fun&#231;&#227;o renal e eletr&#243;litos eram normais. Leucograma de 9.020 c&#233;lulas/mm<sup>3</sup> sem desvio, hemoglobina (Hb) de 15,9 g/dL, plaquetas de 181.000 cels/mm<sup>3</sup>, D - d&#237;mero de 2.510. Urina I normal com uro e hemoculturas negativas. VHS 20 mm, CA-125 6,79 U/mL (normal), CA 19-9 8,91 U/mL (normal), CEA 9,31 U/mL (aumentado). Gasometria arterial com PH de 7,5, PCO<sub>2</sub> 23mmHg, HCO3- de 18 mEq//L, lactato de 14 mg/dL, TGO 40 U/L, TGP 25 U/L, GGT 61 U/L, bilirrubina total 0,3 mg/dL (direta 0,04 mg/dL e indireta 0,26mg/dL), INR 1,4, TTPA 40,3s, TAP 17,3s e fibrinog&#234;nio 320 mg/dL, anticorpo anti-hepatite A total reagente com IgM negativo, anti-HBc total reagente, anti-HBe indeterminado, HBeAg negativo, anti-HBs reagente, HBsAg reagente, anti-HCV negativo, anti-HIV 1 reagente (confirmado com Westen Bloot), anti-HIV 2 negativo, CD4 243 cels/mm<sup>3</sup>, carga viral 260 c&#243;pias/mm<sup>3</sup>. A angiotomografia de t&#243;rax excluiu TEP e TVP, demonstrou opacidade em vidro fosco esparsa e aneurisma de ponte de safena AoCD medindo 6,7 x 5,5 x 4,7cm (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="a16fig01">Figuras 1</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="a16fig02">2</xref>). Foi iniciada antibioticoterapia de amplo espectro e associado trimetropin-sulfametoxazol, com posterior introdu&#231;&#227;o de esquema antirretroviral. Houve melhora cl&#237;nica, por&#233;m o paciente evoluiu com m&#250;ltiplas interna&#231;&#245;es na unidade de terapia intensiva por sepse pulmonar e encefalite herp&#233;tica, optando-se pela n&#227;o manipula&#231;&#227;o do aneurisma.</p>
    <p content-type="asset">
      <fig id="a16fig01">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-99-02-e125-00016-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
    </p>
    <p content-type="asset">
      <fig id="a16fig02">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-99-02-e125-00016-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Discuss&#227;o</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Ponte de veia safena tem sido comumente utilizada na cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica desde sua introdu&#231;&#227;o por Favaloro em 1968<sup>4</sup>. Aneurisma de pontes de safena aorto-coronarianas &#233; uma rara e potencialmente fatal complica&#231;&#227;o da cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o do mioc&#225;rdio<sup>1-4</sup>. Sua incid&#234;ncia real &#233; desconhecida e acredita-se que seja subestimada. Sabe-se que a dilata&#231;&#227;o de ponte de safena &#233; relativamente comum (14% em cinco a sete anos)<sup>4</sup>.</p>
    <p>Pode ser classificado como aneurisma verdadeiro ou pseudoaneurisma. E apesar de algumas ambiguidades na literatura, o primeiro tem uma apresenta&#231;&#227;o mais tardia e compromete toda a parede do vaso, apresentando-se como uma dilata&#231;&#227;o superior a 1,5 vez o tamanho normal do vaso<sup>1,4</sup>. J&#225; o pseudoaneurisma n&#227;o &#233; formado por todas as estruturas da parede vascular e pode ocorrer mais precocemente<sup>7</sup>, apresentando-se normalmente perto da anastomose proximal ou distal. V&#225;rios mecanismos est&#227;o envolvidos na forma&#231;&#227;o do aneurisma verdadeiro, tais como hiperlipidemia<sup>1</sup>, aterosclerose, tabagismo, fraqueza do endot&#233;lio venoso (veias com propens&#227;o a varizes). J&#225; os problemas com a t&#233;cnica cir&#250;rgica ou com o preparo da veia, traumas e infec&#231;&#245;es est&#227;o relacionados com o pseudoaneurisma<sup>4</sup>. Interven&#231;&#245;es percut&#226;neas e predisposi&#231;&#227;o a aneurismas arteriais tamb&#233;m podem estar envolvidos<sup>4</sup>. No caso relatado, provavelmente os seus sintomas estavam mais associados ao quadro infeccioso que ao pr&#243;prio aneurisma, sendo o diagn&#243;stico um incidente, o qual confirmou um aneurisma verdadeiro p&#243;s-angioplastia de ponte de coronariana.</p>
    <p>O tempo decorrido entre a cirurgia e o diagn&#243;stico pode variar de alguns dias a v&#225;rios anos, e apesar da m&#233;dia estar entre cinco e sete anos, h&#225; relatos de casos tardios diagnosticados com at&#233; vinte e um anos de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o<sup>8,9</sup>. A apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica na sua grande maioria &#233; assintom&#225;tica, sendo feito o diagn&#243;stico por meio de exames de rotina. No entanto, a patologia pode se apresentar com dor tor&#225;cica, dispneia, distens&#227;o abdominal, infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio e insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca<sup>1</sup>. Dentre as complica&#231;&#245;es, podem ocorrer: ruptura<sup>2,10</sup>, hemot&#243;rax, hemoperic&#225;rdio, emboliza&#231;&#227;o, fistuliza&#231;&#227;o para diversas estruturas (pulm&#245;es, art&#233;ria pulmonar<sup>4</sup>, &#225;trios ou ventr&#237;culos) e compress&#227;o de cavidades card&#237;acas ou estruturas vasculares.</p>
    <p>O diagn&#243;stico pode ser suspeitado pela presen&#231;a de alargamento do mediastino ao raio X de t&#243;rax<sup>4,9 </sup>e confirmado com tomografia computadorizada de t&#243;rax<sup>4,9</sup>, ecocardiograma<sup>4,9 </sup>ou resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica<sup>4,8,9</sup>. O padr&#227;o de refer&#234;ncia continua sendo a angiografia coronariana<sup>3,4,9</sup>. No caso em quest&#227;o, o ecocardiograma e a tomografia computadorizada de t&#243;rax com contraste (angiotomografia) foram elucidativos, confirmando o diagn&#243;stico de um aneurisma gigante de ponte de safena AoCD com dois "<italic>stents</italic>" previamente implantados comprimindo o &#225;trio esquerdo.</p>
    <p>Em raz&#227;o de grande mortalidade associada a probabilidade de ruptura, a cirurgia de ressec&#231;&#227;o do aneurisma associada &#224; nova revasculariza&#231;&#227;o &#233; recomendada<sup>4</sup>. Alternativamente, em pacientes com alto risco cir&#250;rgico, pode-se tentar a emboliza&#231;&#227;o por via hemodin&#226;mica com "<italic>coils</italic>"<sup>4</sup> ou com "amplatzer vascular plug"<sup>3</sup>. Alguns autores relatam o uso de "<italic>stents</italic>" e politetrafluoreno<sup>4</sup>. O tratamento cl&#237;nico n&#227;o tem demonstrado bons resultados<sup>8</sup>, devendo ser reservado para pacientes com alto risco cir&#250;rgico e assintom&#225;ticos. O acompanhamento peri&#243;dico com exames de imagem &#233; mandat&#243;rio para detectar aumento do di&#226;metro do aneurisma e programar poss&#237;veis interven&#231;&#245;es. No paciente relatado, optou-se pelo tratamento conservador em virtude do elevado risco cir&#250;rgico e do alto n&#250;mero de comorbidades.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Potencial Conflito de Interesses</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Fontes de Financiamento</bold>
    </p>
    <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o Acad&#234;mica</bold>
    </p>
    <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
    <p>
      <fn id="add2" fn-type="corresp">
        <label>
          <bold> Correspond&#234;ncia:</bold>
        </label>
        <p> Mauro Guimar&#227;es Albuquerque </p>
        <p> Rua Correia Dias, 476, apart. 54, bloco: B, Para&#237;so </p>
        <p> CEP 04104-001, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil </p>
        <p> E-mail: </p>
        <p><email xlink:href="mgalbuquerque@cardiol.br">mgalbuquerque@cardiol.br</email>, </p>
        <p>
          <email xlink:href="mgalbuquerque9@hotmail.com">mgalbuquerque9@hotmail.com</email>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </p>
    <p>Artigo recebido em 08/08/11; revisado em 14/09/11; aceito em 08/09/11.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Case Report</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Giant aneurysm of saphenous vein bypass for right coronary after angioplasty</article-title>
      </title-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>CASE REPORT</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <fn id="enda-body2">
          <label>
            <bold>Giant aneurysm of saphenous vein bypass for right coronary after angioplasty</bold>
          </label>
          <p>
            <bold>Mauro Guimar&#227;es Albuquerque<sup>I</sup>; Jorge Alc&#226;ntara Farran<sup>I</sup>; Carlos Alberto Pires Pereira<sup>I,II</sup>; Edson Renato Romano<sup>I</sup>, Isabela Neto Macri Brotto<sup>I</sup>; Marcelo Luz Pereira Romano<sup>I</sup></bold>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </p>
      <p><sup>I</sup>Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o (HCor)</p>
      <p><sup>II</sup>UNIFESP, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</p>
      <p>Mailing address</p>
      <p><bold>Keywords:</bold> Coronary artery bypass; saphenous vein / surgery; aneurysm / complications; angioplasty.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Case report</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Male, 54 years-old with progressive dyspnea associated with weight loss and episodes of fever and diarrhea. Hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, three acute myocardial infarctions (AMI) respectively for twelve years, four years and three years. Revascularized in the first AMI (1998) with the following bypasses: Left Anterior Descending Mammary (LADM), Aorta-Radial First Marginal (AoRadMg1), Aorta saphenous Diagonal (AoSapDg), Aorta Saphenous Second Marginal (AoSapMg2), Aorta Right Coronary Saphenous (AoRC). The patient had left ischemic stroke (ICVA) after surgery. In the second IAM (2006) without supra depression of the ST segment that injured the lower wall, showing two lesions on the bypass AoSapRC and the left subclavian artery, being treated off the acute phase percutaneously with success (two pharmacological stents in the bypass, "Taxus" and "Endeavor" and a conventional stent in the subclavian: "Palmaz-genesis"). A year later he had another AMI in the same area, with lesions between stents. Angioplasty was attempted with conventional stent in the acute phase, without success. The patient has remained in clinical treatment so far. Physical examination showed the patient to be tachydyspneic, afebrile, tachycardic, normotensive, with episodes of desaturation. The initial X-ray showed bilateral congestion. The echocardiogram showed an ejection fraction of 52% with mid-basal akinesia of inferior-posterior wall with restricted left atrial filling by extrinsic compression. The cardiac enzymes, atrial natriuretic peptide (BNP), renal function and electrolytes were normal. Leukocyte count of 9,020 cells/mm<sup>3</sup> without deviation, hemoglobin (Hb) of 15.9 g / dL, platelets 181,000 cells/mm<sup>3</sup>, D - dimer 2510. Urinalysis normal with uro and negative blood cultures. ESR 20 mm, AC-125 6.79 U / mL (normal), CA 9.19 8.91 U / mL (normal), CEA 9.31 U / mL (increased). Arterial blood gas analysis at pH 7.5, PCO<sub>2</sub> 23mmHg, HCO3-18 mEq / / L, lactate 14 mg / dL, AST 40 U / L, ALT 25 U / L, GGT 61 U / L, total bilirubin 0, 3 mg / dL (direct 0.04 mg / dL and indirect 0.26 mg / dL), INR 1.4, APTT 40.3 s, TAP 17.3 s and fibrinogen 320 mg / dL, anti-hepatitis A total reagent IgM negative, anti-HBc reactive, indeterminate anti-HBe, HBeAg negative, anti-HBs reagent, reagent HBsAg, anti-HCV negative, anti-HIV-1 reagent (confirmed with Bloot Westen), two anti-HIV negative, RC4 243 cells/mm<sup>3</sup>, viral load 260 copies/mm<sup>3</sup>. Chest CT angiography excluded PTE and PVT, showed ground-glass opacity and sparse aneurysm bypass RAoC measuring 6.7 x 5.5 x 4.7 cm (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_a16fig01-body2">Figures 1</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_a16fig02-body2">2</xref>). It was initiated broad-spectrum antibiotics and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole associated with subsequent introduction of antiretroviral regimen. There was clinical improvement, but the patient evolved with multiple hospitalizations in the intensive care unit for pulmonary sepsis and herpes simplex encephalitis, opting for no manipulation of the aneurysm.</p>
      <p content-type="asset">
        <fig id="en_a16fig01-body2">
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-99-02-e125-00016-gf01-en.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p content-type="asset">
        <fig id="en_a16fig02-body2">
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-99-02-e125-00016-gf02-en.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Discussion</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Saphenous vein grafts have been commonly used in CABG surgery since its introduction by Favaloro in 1968<sup>4</sup>. Aneurysm of aortocoronary bypasses is a rare and potentially fatal complication of coronary artery bypass grafting surgery<sup>1-4</sup>. Its true incidence is unknown and it is believed to be underestimated. It is known that the dilation of coronary bypass is relatively common (14% in five to seven years)<sup>4</sup>.</p>
      <p>It can be classified as true aneurysm or pseudo-aneurysm. And despite some ambiguities in the literature, the first has a late presentation and involves the whole vessel wall, presenting as an enlargement of more than 1.5 times the normal size of the vessel<sup>1,4</sup>. On the other hand, the pseudo-aneurysm is not formed by all the structures of the vascular wall and it can occur earlier<sup>7</sup>, presenting usually near the proximal or distal anastomosis. Several mechanisms are involved in the formation of true aneurysm, such as hyperlipidemia<sup>1</sup>, atherosclerosis, smoking, weakness of the venous endothelium (veins prone to varicose veins). In contrast, the problems with the surgical technique or vein preparation, trauma and infections are related to the pseudoaneurysma<sup>4</sup>. Percutaneous interventions and predisposition to arterial aneurysms may also be involved<sup>4</sup>. In our case, probably his symptoms were more associated with infection than with the aneurysm itself, and the diagnosis was an incident, which confirmed a true aneurysm after coronary angioplasty bypass grafting.</p>
      <p>The time between diagnosis and surgery can vary from several days to several years, and although the mean was between five and seven years, there are reports of late cases diagnosed up to twenty one years after CABG <sup>8,9</sup>. The clinical presentation is mostly asymptomatic and is diagnosed through routine screening. However, it can present itself with chest pain, dyspnea, abdominal distension, acute myocardial infarction and heart failure. Amongst the complications, the possibilities are: rupture<sup>2,10</sup>, hemothorax, hemopericardium, embolization, fistulization for various structures (lungs, pulmonary artery<sup>4</sup>, atria or ventricles) and compression of cardiac chambers or vascular structures.</p>
      <p>The diagnosis may be suspected by the presence of mediastinal extension of the chest X-ray<sup>4,9</sup> and confirmed with computed tomography of chest<sup>4,9</sup>, echocardiogram<sup>4,9</sup>, or MRI<sup>4,8,9</sup>. The reference standard remains coronary angiography<sup>3,4,9</sup>. In this case, the echocardiography and chest CT with contrast (CT angiography) were enlightening; confirming the diagnosis of a giant aneurysm of saphenous vein AoRC with two stents previously implanted compressing the left atrium.</p>
      <p>Due to the high mortality associated with the probability of rupture, the resection of the aneurysm associated with new CABG surgery is recommended<sup>4</sup>. Alternatively, in patients with high surgical risk, it can be attempted hemodynamics by embolization with coils<sup>4</sup> or Amplatzer vascular plug<sup>3</sup>. Some authors report the use of stents and polytetrafluorene<sup>4</sup>. Medical non invasive treatment has shown no positive results<sup>8</sup>, and it should be reserved for patients at high surgical risk and asymptomatic. Periodic follow-up with imaging is mandatory to detect increase in the diameter of the aneurysm and program possible interventions. In the reported patient, we opted for conservative treatment because of the high surgical risk and the high number of comorbidities.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
      </p>
      <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
      </p>
      <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Study Association</bold>
      </p>
      <p>This study is not associated with any post-graduation program.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>References</bold>
      </p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
