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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brazil</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">pL7sLmFvwzHkCJJ5dMMpbjz</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2012000600014</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v1">S0066-782X(12)09800614</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/S0066-782X2012000600014</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta ao Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Resveratrol provoca efeitos antiaterog&#234;nicos em um modelo animal de aterosclerose</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Novaes</surname>
            <given-names>R&#244;mulo Dias</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Peluzio</surname>
            <given-names>Maria do Carmo Gouveia</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Maldonado</surname>
            <given-names>Izabel Regina dos Santos Costa</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Vi&#231;osa</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">MG</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Vi&#231;osa</institution>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
      </aff>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2012</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>98</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <fpage>571</fpage>
      <lpage>572</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>09</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2012</year>
      </pub-date>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>CARTA AO EDITOR</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Resveratrol provoca efeitos antiaterog&#234;nicos em um modelo animal de aterosclerose</p>
    <p>
      <bold>R&#244;mulo Dias Novaes; Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio; Izabel Regina dos Santos Costa Maldonado</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Universidade Federal de Vi&#231;osa, Vi&#231;osa, MG - Brasil</p>
    <p>
      <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="end">Endere&#231;o para correspond&#234;ncia</xref>
    </p>
    <p><bold>Palavras-chave:</bold> Aterosclerose; modelos animais; antioxidantes; dislipidemias.</p>
    <p>Caro Editor,</p>
    <p>Lemos com grande interesse o artigo de Matos e cols.<sup>1</sup> e gostar&#237;amos de comentar o protocolo e os resultados </p>
    <p> em perspectiva.</p>
    <p>Estudos com manipula&#231;&#227;o diet&#233;tica requerem a descri&#231;&#227;o dos componentes inclu&#237;dos na dieta, uma vez que variam consideravelmente em dietas comerciais (especialmente antioxidantes) e podem comprometer os resultados e a reprodutibilidade do estudo<sup>2</sup>.</p>
    <p>A aus&#234;ncia de um grupo de animais tratados com dieta padr&#227;o sem suplementa&#231;&#227;o lip&#237;dica dificulta avaliar a predisposi&#231;&#227;o do modelo animal em desenvolver aterosclerose. Esse aspecto &#233; fundamental devido susceptibilidade diferencial da linhagem de coelho utilizada para a aterosclerose<sup>3</sup>.</p>
    <p>Os animais controle apresentaram n&#237;veis basais de colesterol total e triglicer&#237;deos significativamente elevados comparado ao grupo tratado com resveratrol (58% e 72%, respectivamente). Combinando tais resultados com a falta de signific&#226;ncia estat&#237;stica dos par&#226;metros bioqu&#237;micos ao final do experimento, parece improv&#225;vel que o resveratrol seja capaz de inibir a forma&#231;&#227;o de les&#245;es ateroscler&#243;ticas sem alterar os par&#226;metros lip&#237;dicos no soro dos animais tratados. Al&#233;m disso, a an&#225;lise morfom&#233;trica realizada n&#227;o representa um bom indicador da evolu&#231;&#227;o de processos ateroscler&#243;ticos, uma vez que o n&#250;mero e a &#225;rea total destas les&#245;es &#233; um par&#226;metro mais confi&#225;vel<sup>4</sup>.</p>
    <p>Assim, sugerimos que os resultados s&#227;o dif&#237;ceis de interpretar com base nas limita&#231;&#245;es referentes &#224; caracteriza&#231;&#227;o do modelo animal utilizado, caracter&#237;sticas nutricionais da dieta e metodologia selecionada para avaliar as les&#245;es ateroscler&#243;ticas.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Refer&#234;ncias</bold>
    </p>
    <p>1. Matos RS, Baroncini LA, Pr&#233;coma LB, Winter G, Lambach PH, Caron EY, et al. Resveratrol causes antiatherogenic effects in an animal model of atherosclerosis. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2012;98(2):136-42.</p>
    <p>2. Reeves PG, Nielsen FH, Fahey GC Jr. AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: final report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet. J Nutr. 1993;123(11):1939-51.</p>
    <p>3. Thiery J, Nebendahl K, Rapp K, Kluge R, Teupser D, Seidel D. Low atherosclerotic response of a strain of rabbits to diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1995;15(8):1181-8.</p>
    <p>4. Joseph SB, McKilligin E, Pei L, Watson MA, Collins AR, Laffitte BA, et al. Synthetic LXR ligand inhibits the development of atherosclerosis in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99(11):7604-9.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Carta-resposta</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Primeiramente, gostaria de agradecer o interesse em nosso artigo e as quest&#245;es pertinentes levantadas. Essas foram nossas d&#250;vidas tamb&#233;m. Este trabalho faz parte de nossa linha pesquisa em modelo animal (coelhos) submetidos &#224; dieta hipercolesterol&#234;mica e tratados na sequ&#234;ncia com alimentos funcionais (linha&#231;a e resveratrol)<sup>1</sup>. Em nossa linha de pesquisa tamb&#233;m trabalhamos com medicamentos e les&#227;o arterial em coelhos hipercolesterol&#234;micos<sup>2,3</sup>. Tais modelos foram todos em coelhos cuja hipercolesterolemia foi provocada pelo produto Sigma Aldrich e em outros com ovo liofilizado. N&#243;s possu&#237;mos em outros trabalhos o grupo controle submetido apenas &#224; dieta normal para esp&#233;cie sem adi&#231;&#227;o de colesterol, mas este grupo n&#227;o foi inclu&#237;do no presente estudo. </p>
    <p>Quanto ao fato de as medidas basais de colesterol, HDL colesterol, LDL colesterol e triglicer&#237;deos serem maiores no grupo controle n&#243;s respondemos esta quest&#227;o para os revisores. Os animais foram selecionados com j&#225; aproximadamente um m&#234;s de vida e, a partir da&#237;, randomizados para receber resveratrol ou grupo controle. N&#227;o temos controle sobre a dieta desses animais antes do experimento e inferimos que deva ter sido a dieta normal para a esp&#233;cie. Embora as dosagens iniciais de colesterol total e triglicer&#237;deos tenham sido diferentes entre os grupos (n&#227;o afastamos a possibilidade de alguma influ&#234;ncia da t&#233;cnica de mensura&#231;&#227;o laboratorial e que as coletas tenham sido feitas em dias diferentes entre os grupos no in&#237;cio do experimento), acreditamos que tais diferen&#231;as iniciais n&#227;o interferiram nos resultados finais do estudo. Quanto &#224; an&#225;lise morfom&#233;trica realizada, esta tem sido o padr&#227;o de nosso laborat&#243;rio e foi aceito nas demais publica&#231;&#245;es internacionais citadas a seguir e tamb&#233;m na Thrombosis Journal<sup>4</sup>.</p>
    <p>Atenciosamente</p>
    <p>Liz Andr&#233;a V. Baroncini </p>
    <p> Dalton Bertolim Pr&#233;coma</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Refer&#234;ncias</bold>
    </p>
    <p>1. Prim CR, Baroncini LA, Pr&#233;coma LB, Caron PH, Winter G, Poletti MO, et al. Effects of linseed consumption for a short period of time on lipid profile and atherosclerotic lesions in rabbits fed a hypercholesterolaemic diet. Br J Nutr. 2012;107(5):660-4.</p>
    <p>2. Alessi A, Fran&#231;a Neto OR, Prim C, Silva RF, Noronha L, Brofman PR, et al. Rosiglitazona e les&#227;o vascular em coelhos hiperecolesterol&#234;micos: avalia&#231;&#227;o da forma&#231;&#227;o neointimal. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2010;95(3):283-8.</p>
    <p>3. Sturzeneker MC, Ioshii SO, Villela Baroncini LA, Pr&#233;coma DB. Olmersartan severely weakened the development of NASH in an animal model of hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis. 2011;216(1):97-102.</p>
    <p>4. Alessi A, Fran&#231;a Neto OR, Brofman PR, Prim CR, Noronha L, Silva RF, et al. Use of rosiglitazone before and after vascular injury in hypercholesterolemic rabbits: assessment of neointimal formation. Thromb J. 2008;6:12.</p>
    <p>
      <fn id="end" fn-type="corresp">
        <label>
          <bold>Endere&#231;o para correspond&#234;ncia:</bold>
        </label>
        <p> R&#244;mulo Dias Novaes </p>
        <p> Avenida PH Rolfs, S/N, Campus Universit&#225;rio, Centro </p>
        <p> CEP 36570-000, Vi&#231;osa, MG - Brasil</p>
        <p> E-mail: </p>
        <p>
          <email xlink:href="romuonovaes@yahoo.com.br">romuonovaes@yahoo.com.br</email>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </p>
    <p>Artigo recebido em 04/03/12 </p>
    <p> Revisado em 04/03/12 </p>
    <p> Aceito em 27/03/12</p>
  </body>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Letter to the Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Resveratrol causes antiatherogenic effects in an animal model of atherosclerosis</article-title>
      </title-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>LETTER TO THE EDITOR</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Resveratrol causes antiatherogenic effects in an animal model of atherosclerosis</p>
      <p>
        <bold>R&#244;mulo Dias Novaes; Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio; Izabel Regina dos Santos Costa Maldonado</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Universidade Federal de Vi&#231;osa, Vi&#231;osa, MG &#226;&#128;&#147; Brazil</p>
      <p>
        <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="end-body2">Mailing Address</xref>
      </p>
      <p><bold>Keywords:</bold> Atherosclerosis; models; animal; antioxidants; dyslipidemias.</p>
      <p>Dear Editor, </p>
      <p>We read with great interest the article by Matos et al.<sup>1</sup> and would like to comment on its protocol and results.</p>
      <p>Studies with dietary formulations require the description of all components included in the diet, because they vary considerably in commercial formulations (especially antioxidants) and might jeopardize the results and reproducibility of the study<sup>2</sup>.</p>
      <p>The absence of a group of animals treated with a standard diet with no lipid supplementation hinders the assessment of the predisposition of the animal model to develop atherosclerosis. That is a fundamental aspect considering the differential susceptibility to atherosclerosis of the strain of rabbits used<sup>3</sup>.</p>
      <p>The control animals had significantly increased baseline levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides as compared with those of the resveratrol-treated group (58% and 72%, respectively). Combining such results with the lack of statistical significance of the biochemical parameters at the end of the experiment, it seems unlikely that resveratrol can inhibit the formation of atherosclerotic lesions without changing the serum lipid parameters of the animals treated. In addition, the morphometric analysis performed does not represent a good indicator of the evolution of atherosclerotic processes, because the number and total area of the lesions are more reliable parameters<sup>4</sup>.</p>
      <p>Thus, we suggest that the results are difficult to interpret based on the limitations regarding the characterization of the animal model used, nutritional characteristics of the diet and methodology selected to assess atherosclerotic lesions.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>References</bold>
      </p>
      <p>1. Matos RS, Baroncini LA, Pr&#233;coma LB, Winter G, Lambach PH, Caron EY, et al. Resveratrol causes antiatherogenic effects in an animal model of atherosclerosis. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2012;98(2):136-42.</p>
      <p>2. Reeves PG, Nielsen FH, Fahey GC Jr. AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: final report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet. J Nutr. 1993;123(11):1939-51.</p>
      <p>3. Thiery J, Nebendahl K, Rapp K, Kluge R, Teupser D, Seidel D. Low atherosclerotic response of a strain of rabbits to diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1995;15(8):1181-8.</p>
      <p>4. Joseph SB, McKilligin E, Pei L, Watson MA, Collins AR, Laffitte BA, et al. Synthetic LXR ligand inhibits the development of atherosclerosis in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99(11):7604-9.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Response letter</bold>
      </p>
      <p>We would like to thank the interest in our article and the pertinent questions raised. We shared those same doubts. That study is part of our research line in an animal model (rabbits) submitted to a hypercholesterolemic diet and then treated with functional food (linseed and resveratrol)<sup>1</sup>. Within our research line we also work with medications and arterial lesions in hypercholesterolemic rabbits<sup>2,3</sup>. All such models used rabbits, whose hypercholesterolemia had been caused by either the Sigma Aldrich product or lyophilized eggs. In other studies, we had a control group receiving only a normal diet for the species with no cholesterol added, but that group was not included in the present study. </p>
      <p>The question about the fact that the baseline measures of cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were higher in the control group had already been answered to the reviewers. The animals were selected at the age of one month, being then randomized to receive resveratrol or to the control group. We had no control on the diet of those animals before the experiment and infer that it might have been the normal diet for the species. Although the initial measurements of total cholesterol and triglycerides differed between the groups (the possible influence of laboratory measuring techniques was not excluded, and the collection might have been made in different days at the beginning of the experiment), we believe that those initial differences have not interfered with the final results of the study. Regarding the morphometric analysis performed, that has been our standard procedure and has been accepted in the following international publications and in the <italic>Thrombosis Journal</italic><sup>4</sup>.</p>
      <p>Sincerely,</p>
      <p>Liz Andr&#233;a V. Baroncini</p>
      <p> Dalton Bertolim Pr&#233;coma</p>
      <p>
        <bold>References</bold>
      </p>
      <p>1. Prim CR, Baroncini LA, Pr&#233;coma LB, Caron PH, Winter G, Poletti MO, et al. Effects of linseed consumption for a short period of time on lipid profile and atherosclerotic lesions in rabbits fed a hypercholesterolaemic diet. Br J Nutr. 2012;107(5):660-4.</p>
      <p>2. Alessi A, Fran&#231;a Neto OR, Prim C, Silva RF, Noronha L, Brofman PR, et al. Rosiglitazona e les&#227;o vascular em coelhos hiperecolesterol&#195;&#170;micos: avalia&#231;&#227;o da forma&#231;&#227;o neointimal. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2010;95(3):283-8.</p>
      <p>3. Sturzeneker MC, Ioshii SO, Villela Baroncini LA, Pr&#233;coma DB. Olmersartan severely weakened the development of NASH in an animal model of hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis. 2011;216(1):97-102.</p>
      <p>4. Alessi A, Fran&#231;a Neto OR, Brofman PR, Prim CR, Noronha L, Silva RF, et al. Use of rosiglitazone before and after vascular injury in hypercholesterolemic rabbits: assessment of neointimal formation. Thromb J. 2008;6:12.</p>
      <p>
        <fn id="end-body2" fn-type="corresp">
          <label>
            <bold>Mailing Address:</bold>
          </label>
          <p> R&#244;mulo Dias Novaes</p>
          <p> Avenida PH Rolfs, S/N, Campus Universit&#225;rio, Centro</p>
          <p> Postal Code 36570-000, Vi&#231;osa, MG &#226;&#128;&#147; Brazil</p>
          <p> E-mail: </p>
          <p>
            <email xlink:href="romuonovaes@yahoo.com.br">romuonovaes@yahoo.com.br</email>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </p>
      <p>Manuscript received March 4, 2012</p>
      <p> Manuscript revised March 4, 2012</p>
      <p> Accepted March 27, 2012</p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
