<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" specific-use="sps-1.9" dtd-version="1.1" xml:lang="pt" article-type="research-article">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brazil</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">qwvbgdvJF5NNbZn57mR7CDc</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2012000500017</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v1">S0066-782X(12)09800517</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/S0066-782X2012000500017</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Relato de Caso</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Linfoadenopatia transit&#243;ria secund&#225;ria &#224; s&#237;ndrome nefr&#243;tica</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Dias</surname>
            <given-names>Ol&#237;via Meira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Costa</surname>
            <given-names>Andr&#233; Nathan</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Carvalho</surname>
            <given-names>Carlos Roberto Ribeiro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kairalla</surname>
            <given-names>Ronaldo Adib</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina </institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas</institution>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
      </aff>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2012</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>98</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <fpage>e82</fpage>
      <lpage>e83</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>29</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2011</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2011</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>13</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2011</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>Linfadenomegalias mediastinais secund&#225;rias a hipervolemia s&#227;o achados tomogr&#225;ficos subdiagnosticados. Descrevemos neste paciente com fun&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca normal, achados de congest&#227;o pulmonar associados a alargamento dos linfonodos mediastinais. A s&#237;ndrome nefr&#243;tica causando hipoalbuminemia, baixa press&#227;o onc&#243;tica plasm&#225;tica e aumento da press&#227;o transcapilar foi a causa prov&#225;vel dos achados radiol&#243;gicos.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt" kwd-group-type="author-generated">
        <kwd>Escleroderma sist&#234;mico</kwd>
        <kwd>linfoma</kwd>
        <kwd>mediastino</kwd>
        <kwd>s&#237;ndrome nefr&#243;tica</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>31</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2012</year>
      </pub-date>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>RELATO DE CASO</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Linfoadenopatia transit&#243;ria secund&#225;ria &#224; s&#237;ndrome nefr&#243;tica</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Ol&#237;via Meira Dias; Andr&#233; Nathan Costa; Carlos Roberto Ribeiro Carvalho; Ronaldo Adib Kairalla</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (Incor) - Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brasil</p>
    <p>
      <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="back">Endere&#231;o para correspond&#234;ncia</xref>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>RESUMO</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Linfadenomegalias mediastinais secund&#225;rias a hipervolemia s&#227;o achados tomogr&#225;ficos subdiagnosticados. Descrevemos neste paciente com fun&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca normal, achados de congest&#227;o pulmonar associados a alargamento dos linfonodos mediastinais. A s&#237;ndrome nefr&#243;tica causando hipoalbuminemia, baixa press&#227;o onc&#243;tica plasm&#225;tica e aumento da press&#227;o transcapilar foi a causa prov&#225;vel dos achados radiol&#243;gicos.</p>
    <p><bold>Palavras-chave:</bold> Escleroderma sist&#234;mico, linfoma, mediastino, s&#237;ndrome nefr&#243;tica.</p>
    <p>Homem de 57 anos com diagn&#243;stico de esclerose sist&#234;mica e exposi&#231;&#227;o ocupacional &#224; s&#237;lica apresentava hist&#243;ria de dispn&#233;ia progressiva h&#225; dois meses e edema perif&#233;rico. O exame f&#237;sico revelou anasarca, crepita&#231;&#245;es pulmonares bibasais e hipoxemia (satura&#231;&#227;o perif&#233;rica de oxig&#234;nio- SatpO2 80%).</p>
    <p>A tomografia computadorizada de alta resolu&#231;&#227;o (TCAR) do t&#243;rax com contraste demonstrou linfadenomegalias mediastinais e aumento da gordura mediastinal associadas a infiltrados bilaterais difusos em vidro fosco e espessamento dos septos interlobulares, com predom&#237;nio nos lobos superiores, sem trombos arteriais. O ecocardiograma foi normal, e a bi&#243;psia renal diagnosticou s&#237;ndrome nefr&#243;tica secund&#225;ria &#224; glomeruloesclerose segmentar e focal.</p>
    <p>Ap&#243;s a administra&#231;&#227;o de prednisona e tratamento com diur&#233;ticos, o edema e a dispneia melhoraram significativamente. A TCAR realizada dois meses ap&#243;s mostrou resolu&#231;&#227;o dos sinais de congest&#227;o pulmonar e involu&#231;&#227;o do linfonodo mediastinal e do aumento de gordura (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figura 1</xref>).</p>
    <p content-type="asset">
      <fig id="f01">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-98-05-0e82-00017-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
    </p>
    <p>A linfoadenomegalia mediastinal secund&#225;ria &#224; hipervolemia &#233; um achado tomogr&#225;fico subdiagnosticado<sup>1-9</sup>. Sua incid&#234;ncia pode atingir at&#233; 55% dos pacientes com insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca congestiva sintom&#225;tica<sup>1</sup>. Geralmente se localiza na regi&#227;o pr&#233;-traqueal e apresenta menos de 2 cm de di&#226;metro no menor eixo<sup>10</sup>. O diagn&#243;stico diferencial para esse caso incluiria neoplasias malignas, linfoma e sarcoidose.</p>
    <p>Neste estudo descrevemos um paciente com fun&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca normal e achados de congest&#227;o pulmonar associados a linfonodomegalias. A s&#237;ndrome nefr&#243;tica, cursando com hipoalbuminemia, baixa press&#227;o coloidosm&#243;tica plasm&#225;tica e aumento do vazamento do fluido transcapilar foi a causa prov&#225;vel dos achados radiol&#243;gicos. Para nossa surpresa, mesmo g&#226;nglios linf&#225;ticos com calcifica&#231;&#227;o perif&#233;rica podem aumentar devido ao edema. A r&#225;pida melhora ap&#243;s o tratamento, associada &#224; resolu&#231;&#227;o dos achados de congest&#227;o parenquimatosa, leva-nos ao diagn&#243;stico sem necessidade de procedimentos invasivos.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Potencial Conflito de Interesses</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Fontes de Financiamento</bold>
    </p>
    <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o Acad&#234;mica</bold>
    </p>
    <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
    <p>
      <fn id="back" fn-type="corresp">
        <p>Endere&#231;o para correspond&#234;ncia:</p>
        <p> Ol&#237;via Meira Dias </p>
        <p> Rua Capote Valente, 671 / 1401, Pinheiros </p>
        <p> 05409-002 - S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brasil </p>
        <p> E-mail: </p>
        <p>
          <email xlink:href="meiradias@yahoo.com.br">meiradias@yahoo.com.br</email>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </p>
    <p>Artigo recebido em 29/05/11 </p>
    <p> Revisado recebido em 13/07/11 </p>
    <p> Aceito em 28/07/11</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="B1">
        <mixed-citation>1. Slanetz PJ,    Truong M, Shepard JA, Trotman-Dickenson B, Drucker E, McLoud TC. Mediastinal    lymphadenopathy and hazy mediastinal fat: new CT findings of congestive heart    failure. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1998;171(5):1307-9.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Mediastinal lymphadenopathy and hazy mediastinal fat: new CT findings of congestive heart failure</article-title>
          <source>AJR Am J Roentgenol</source>
          <date>
            <year>1998</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>1307</fpage>
          <lpage>9</lpage>
          <issue>5</issue>
          <volume>171</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Slanetz</surname>
              <given-names>PJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Truong</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Shepard</surname>
              <given-names>JA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Trotman-Dickenson</surname>
              <given-names>B</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Drucker</surname>
              <given-names>E</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>McLoud</surname>
              <given-names>TC</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <mixed-citation>2. Ngom A, Dumont    P, Diot P, Lemari&#233; E. Benign mediastinal lymphadenopathy in congestive    heart failure. Chest. 2001;119(2):653-6.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Benign mediastinal lymphadenopathy in congestive heart failure</article-title>
          <source>Chest</source>
          <date>
            <year>2001</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>653</fpage>
          <lpage>6</lpage>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <volume>119</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Ngom</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Dumont</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Diot</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lemari&#233;</surname>
              <given-names>E</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <mixed-citation>3. Storto ML, Kee    ST, Golden JA, Webb WR. Hydrostatic pulmonary edema: high-resolution CT findings.    AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995;165(4):817-20.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Hydrostatic pulmonary edema: high-resolution CT findings</article-title>
          <source>AJR Am J Roentgenol</source>
          <date>
            <year>1995</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>817</fpage>
          <lpage>20</lpage>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <volume>165</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Storto</surname>
              <given-names>ML</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kee</surname>
              <given-names>ST</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Golden</surname>
              <given-names>JA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Webb</surname>
              <given-names>WR</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B4">
        <mixed-citation>4. Forster BB,    M&#252;ller NL, Mayo JR, Okazawa M, Wiggs BJ, Par&#233; PD. High-resolution    computed tomography of experimental hydrostatic pulmonary edema. Chest. 1992;101(5):1434-7.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>High-resolution computed tomography of experimental hydrostatic pulmonary edema</article-title>
          <source>Chest</source>
          <date>
            <year>1992</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>1434</fpage>
          <lpage>7</lpage>
          <issue>5</issue>
          <volume>101</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Forster</surname>
              <given-names>BB</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>M&#252;ller</surname>
              <given-names>NL</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mayo</surname>
              <given-names>JR</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Okazawa</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Wiggs</surname>
              <given-names>BJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Par&#233;</surname>
              <given-names>PD</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B5">
        <mixed-citation>5. Gluecker T,    Capasso P, Schnyeder P, Gudinchet F, Schaller MD, Revelly JP, et al. Clinical    and radiologic features of pulmonary edema. Radiographics. 1999;19(6):1507-31.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Clinical and radiologic features of pulmonary edema</article-title>
          <source>Radiographics</source>
          <date>
            <year>1999</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>1507</fpage>
          <lpage>31</lpage>
          <issue>6</issue>
          <volume>19</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Gluecker</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Capasso</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Schnyeder</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Gudinchet</surname>
              <given-names>F</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Schaller</surname>
              <given-names>MD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Revelly</surname>
              <given-names>JP</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B6">
        <mixed-citation>6. Erly WK, Borders    RJ, Outwater EK, Zaetta JM, Borders GT. Location, size, and distribution of    mediastinal lymph node enlargement in chronic congestive heart failure. J Comput    Assist Tomogr. 2003;27(4): 485-9.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Location, size, and distribution of mediastinal lymph node enlargement in chronic congestive heart failure</article-title>
          <source>J Comput Assist Tomogr</source>
          <date>
            <year>2003</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>485</fpage>
          <lpage>9</lpage>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <volume>27</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Erly</surname>
              <given-names>WK</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Borders</surname>
              <given-names>RJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Outwater</surname>
              <given-names>EK</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Zaetta</surname>
              <given-names>JM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Borders</surname>
              <given-names>GT</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B7">
        <mixed-citation>7. Chabbert V,    Canevet G, Baixas C, Galinier M, Deken V, Duhamel A, et al. Mediastinal lymphadenopathy    in congestive heart failure: a sequential CT evaluation with clinical and echocardiographic    correlations. Eur Radiol. 2004;14(5):881-9.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Mediastinal lymphadenopathy in congestive heart failure: a sequential CT evaluation with clinical and echocardiographic correlations</article-title>
          <source>Eur Radiol</source>
          <date>
            <year>2004</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>881</fpage>
          <lpage>9</lpage>
          <issue>5</issue>
          <volume>14</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Chabbert</surname>
              <given-names>V</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Canevet</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Baixas</surname>
              <given-names>C</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Galinier</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Deken</surname>
              <given-names>V</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Duhamel</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B8">
        <mixed-citation>8. Lewin S, Goldberg    L, Dec GW. The spectrum of pulmonary abnormalities on computed chest tomographic    imaging in patients with advanced heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 2000;86(1):98-100.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>The spectrum of pulmonary abnormalities on computed chest tomographic imaging in patients with advanced heart failure</article-title>
          <source>Am J Cardiol</source>
          <date>
            <year>2000</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>98</fpage>
          <lpage>100</lpage>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <volume>86</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Lewin</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Goldberg</surname>
              <given-names>L</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Dec</surname>
              <given-names>GW</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B9">
        <mixed-citation>9. Miller JA, Contractor    S, Maldjian P, Wolansky L. Transient mediastinal enlargement: an unusual computed    tomographic manifestation of pulmonary venous hypertension and congestive heart    failure. Respiration. 2000;67(2):216-8.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Transient mediastinal enlargement: an unusual computed tomographic manifestation of pulmonary venous hypertension and congestive heart failure</article-title>
          <source>Respiration</source>
          <date>
            <year>2000</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>216</fpage>
          <lpage>8</lpage>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <volume>67</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Miller</surname>
              <given-names>JA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Contractor</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Maldjian</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Wolansky</surname>
              <given-names>L</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B10">
        <mixed-citation>10. Pastis NJ Jr,    Van Bakel AB, Brand TM, Ravenel JG, Gilbert GE, Silvestri GA, et al. Mediastinal    lymphadenopathy in patients undergoing cardiac transplant evaluation. Chest.    2011;139(6):1451-7.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Mediastinal lymphadenopathy in patients undergoing cardiac transplant evaluation</article-title>
          <source>Chest</source>
          <date>
            <year>2011</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>1451</fpage>
          <lpage>7</lpage>
          <issue>6</issue>
          <volume>139</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Pastis</surname>
              <given-names>NJ Jr</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Van Bakel</surname>
              <given-names>AB</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Brand</surname>
              <given-names>TM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ravenel</surname>
              <given-names>JG</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Gilbert</surname>
              <given-names>GE</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Silvestri</surname>
              <given-names>GA</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Case Report</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Transient lymphadenopathy secondary to nephrotic syndrome</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Mediastinal lymphadenomegaly secondary to hypervolemia is an underdiagnosed tomographic finding. Herein we describe, in a patient with normal cardiac function, findings of pulmonary congestion associated to lymph node enlargement. The nephrotic syndrome causing hypoalbuminemia, low plasma colloid osmotic pressure and augmented transcapillary fluid leakage was the probable cause of the radiological findings.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Scleroderma, systemic</kwd>
        <kwd>lymphoma</kwd>
        <kwd>mediastinum</kwd>
        <kwd>nephrotic syndrome</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>CASE REPORT</bold>
      </p>
      <p><undefined id="top-body2"/>Transient lymphadenopathy secondary to nephrotic syndrome</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Ol&#237;via Meira Dias; Andr&#233; Nathan Costa; Carlos Roberto Ribeiro Carvalho; Ronaldo Adib Kairalla</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (Incor) - Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brasil</p>
      <p>Correspondence</p>
      <p>
        <bold>ABSTRACT</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Mediastinal lymphadenomegaly secondary to hypervolemia is an underdiagnosed tomographic finding. Herein we describe, in a patient with normal cardiac function, findings of pulmonary congestion associated to lymph node enlargement. The nephrotic syndrome causing hypoalbuminemia, low plasma colloid osmotic pressure and augmented transcapillary fluid leakage was the probable cause of the radiological findings.</p>
      <p><bold>Keywords:</bold> Scleroderma, systemic; lymphoma; mediastinum; nephrotic syndrome.</p>
      <p>A 57-year-old man with systemic scleroderma and occupational silica exposure presented a two-month history of progressive dyspnea and peripheral edema. Physical examination revealed anasarca, pulmonary bibasilar crackles and hypoxemia (SatpO2 80%).</p>
      <p>Contrasted high-resolution computed tomography scan (HRCT) of the chest revealed enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes and mediastinal fat associated to bilateral diffuse ground-glass infiltrates and interlobular septal thickening with predominance in the superior lobes, without arterial thrombi. The echocardiogram was unremarkable, and renal biopsy was diagnostic of nephrotic syndrome secondary to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.</p>
      <p>After prednisone and treatment with diuretics, the edema and dyspnea significantly improved. HRCT performed two months later showed resolution of the signs of pulmonary congestion and involution of mediastinal lymph node and fat enlargement (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="eng17f01-body2">Figure 1</xref>).</p>
      <p content-type="asset">
        <fig id="eng17f01-body2">
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-98-05-0e82-00017-gf01-en.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p>Mediastinal lymphadenomegaly secondary to hypervolemia is an underdiagnosed tomographic finding<sup>1-9</sup>. Its incidence may arise in 55% of patients with symptomatic congestive heart failure<sup>1</sup>. They are usually located in the pretracheal area and have &lt; 2 cm in short axis diameter<sup>10</sup>. Differential diagnosis to this case would include malignancies, lymphoma and sarcoidosis.</p>
      <p>In this study, we describe a patient with normal cardiac function, findings of pulmonary congestion associated to lymph node enlargement. The nephrotic syndrome causing hypoalbuminemia, low plasma colloid osmotic pressure and augmented transcapillary fluid leakage was the probable cause of the radiological findings. To our surprise, even lymph nodes with peripheral calcification can enlarge due to edema. The rapid improvement after treatment, together with resolution of parenchyma findings of congestion, leads us to the diagnosis without an invasive procedure.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
      </p>
      <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
      </p>
      <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Study Association</bold>
      </p>
      <p>This study is not associated with any post-graduation program.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>References</bold>
      </p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
