<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brazil</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">QNHnNVFHLtKLMwBdHHjS6vy</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00020</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2010000500020</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v1">S0066-782X(10)09400520</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/S0066-782X2010000500020</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta ao Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Qualidade de vida em doen&#231;as cr&#244;nicas</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Zort&#233;a</surname>
            <given-names>Karine</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">Rio Grande do Sul</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre </institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Departamento de Psiquiatria</institution>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
      </aff>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2010</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>94</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <fpage>703</fpage>
      <lpage>703</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>22</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2010</year>
      </pub-date>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>CARTA AO EDITOR</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Qualidade de vida em doen&#231;as cr&#244;nicas</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Karine Zort&#233;a</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Departamento de Psiquiatria, Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil</p>
    <p>
      <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="back">Correspond&#234;ncia</xref>
    </p>
    <p><bold>Palavras-chave: </bold> Qualidade de vida, doen&#231;a cr&#244;nica.</p>
    <p><bold>Key words:</bold> Quality of life; chronic disease.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Caro Editor,</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Bassanesi e cols.<sup>1</sup> relatam a necessidade de recuperar a sa&#250;de dos mais pobres investindo na economia nacional e na melhoria das condi&#231;&#245;es sociais, j&#225; que quase a metade da mortalidade por doen&#231;a cardiovascular (DCV) &#233; atribu&#237;da &#224; pobreza. Diferen&#231;as entre Brasil e Estados Unidos em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; mortalidade por DCV t&#234;m associa&#231;&#227;o com a m&#225; qualidade de vida (QV) das popula&#231;&#245;es dos grandes centros urbanos brasileiros, comparada &#224; dos pa&#237;ses desenvolvidos<sup>1</sup>.</p>
    <p>N&#237;veis socioecon&#244;micos baixos j&#225; t&#234;m sido associados com maior mortalidade. Grupos com menor escolaridade apresentam mais fatores de risco para DCV e menor acesso &#224; qualidade de informa&#231;&#227;o<sup>2</sup>. Necessita-se conscientizar que apenas tratar doen&#231;as n&#227;o basta, &#233; preciso investigar o princ&#237;pio das causas, e um bom instrumento &#233; a QV.</p>
    <p>A QV emergiu nas &#250;ltimas d&#233;cadas como um instrumento essencial na avalia&#231;&#227;o do impacto das doen&#231;as cr&#244;nicas, bem como das interven&#231;&#245;es terap&#234;uticas, associando-se a indicadores tradicionais como a mortalidade<sup>3</sup>.</p>
    <p>As doen&#231;as cr&#244;nicas provocam mudan&#231;as na rotina e no planejamento de atividades, especialmente nos casos de doen&#231;as incapacitantes, em que o doente deixa de exercer suas atividades cotidianas. As crises recorrentes e a sobrecarga f&#237;sica, emocional e financeira levam &#224; conviv&#234;ncia com incertezas e ao enfrentamento de dilemas sociais, al&#233;m de onerosos gastos, gerando outras condi&#231;&#245;es cr&#244;nicas que passam a afetar toda a fam&#237;lia<sup>4</sup>.</p>
    <p>Um amplo conhecimento da QV dos pacientes pode ajudar na compreens&#227;o do impacto das doen&#231;as sobre seu bem-estar geral, podendo adiar a instala&#231;&#227;o da condi&#231;&#227;o cr&#244;nica por meio de a&#231;&#245;es preventivas.</p>
    <p>
      <fn id="back" fn-type="corresp">
        <p>Correspond&#234;ncia:</p>
        <p> Karine Zort&#233;a </p>
        <p> Avenida dos Prazeres, 512, Vila Jardim </p>
        <p> 91320-150, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil </p>
        <p> E-mail: </p>
        <p>
          <email xlink:href="karine.personaldiet@gmail.com">karine.personaldiet@gmail.com</email>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="B1">
        <mixed-citation>1. Bassanesi SL,    Azambuja MI, Achutti A. Mortalidade precoce por doen&#231;as cardiovasculares    e desigualdades sociais em Porto Alegre: da evid&#234;ncia &#224; a&#231;&#227;o.    Arq Bras Cardiol. 2008; 90 (6): 403-12.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Mortalidade precoce por doen&#231;as cardiovasculares e desigualdades sociais em Porto Alegre: da evid&#234;ncia &#224; a&#231;&#227;o</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <date>
            <year>2008</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>403</fpage>
          <lpage>12</lpage>
          <issue>6</issue>
          <volume>90</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Bassanesi</surname>
              <given-names>SL</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Azambuja</surname>
              <given-names>MI</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Achutti</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <mixed-citation>2. Ishitani LH,    Franco GC, Perp&#233;tuo IHO, Fran&#231;a E. Desigualdade social e mortalidade    precoce por doen&#231;as cardiovasculares no Brasil. Rev Sa&#250;de Publica.    2006; 40 (4): 684-91.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Desigualdade social e mortalidade precoce por doen&#231;as cardiovasculares no Brasil</article-title>
          <source>Rev Sa&#250;de Publica</source>
          <date>
            <year>2006</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>684</fpage>
          <lpage>91</lpage>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <volume>40</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Ishitani</surname>
              <given-names>LH</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Franco</surname>
              <given-names>GC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Perp&#233;tuo</surname>
              <given-names>IHO</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Fran&#231;a</surname>
              <given-names>E</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <mixed-citation>3. Pinikahana J,    Happell B, Hope J, Keks N. Quality of life in schizophrenia: a review of the    literature from 1995 to 2000. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2002; 11 (2): 103-11.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Quality of life in schizophrenia: a review of the literature from 1995 to 2000</article-title>
          <source>Int J Ment Health Nurs</source>
          <date>
            <year>2002</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>103</fpage>
          <lpage>11</lpage>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <volume>11</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Pinikahana</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Happell</surname>
              <given-names>B</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Hope</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Keks</surname>
              <given-names>N</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B4">
        <mixed-citation>4. Smeltzer SC,    Bare BG. Brunner &amp; Suddarth tratado de enfermagem m&#233;dico-cir&#250;rgica.    10a ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2005. p. 275-80.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="book">
          <source>Brunner &amp; Suddarth tratado de enfermagem m&#233;dico-cir&#250;rgica</source>
          <date>
            <year>2005</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>275</fpage>
          <lpage>80</lpage>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Smeltzer</surname>
              <given-names>SC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bare</surname>
              <given-names>BG</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRes" xml:lang="es">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories/>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="es">Calidad de vida en enfermedad cr&#243;nicas</article-title>
      </title-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>CARTA AL EDITOR</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <fn id="top-body2">
          <label>
            <bold>Calidad de vida en enfermedad cr&#243;nicas</bold>
          </label>
          <p>
            <bold>Karine Zort&#233;a</bold>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </p>
      <p>Departamento de Psiquiatria, Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil</p>
      <p>
        <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="end-body2">Correspondencia</xref>
      </p>
      <p><bold>Palabras clave: </bold> Calidad de vida, enfermedad cr&#243;nica.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Estimado Editor,</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Bassanesi et al.<sup>1</sup> refieren la necesidad de recuperar la salud de los m&#225;s pobres invirtiendo en la econom&#237;a nacional y en la mejor&#237;a de las condiciones sociales, ya que casi la mitad de la mortalidad por enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) se atribuye a la pobreza. Diferencias entre Brasil y Estados Unidos con relaci&#243;n a la mortalidad por ECV tienen asociaci&#243;n con la mala calidad de vida (CV) de las poblaciones de los grandes centros urbanos brasile&#241;os, comparada a los pa&#237;ses desarrollados<sup>1</sup>.</p>
      <p>Niveles socioecon&#243;micos bajos ya vienen siendo asociados con mayor mortalidad. Grupos con menor escolaridad expresan m&#225;s factores de riesgo para ECV y menor acceso a la calidad de informaci&#243;n<sup>2</sup>. Es necesario tener conciencia de que no basta con solamente tratar enfermedades, sino que es preciso investigar el principio de las causas, y un buen instrumento es la CV.</p>
      <p>La CV ha emergido en las &#250;ltimas d&#233;cadas como un instrumento esencial en la evaluaci&#243;n del impacto de las enfermedades cr&#243;nicas, as&#237; como de las intervenciones terap&#233;uticas, asoci&#225;ndose a indicadores tradicionales como la mortalidad<sup>3</sup>.</p>
      <p>Las enfermedades cr&#243;nicas provocan cambios en la rutina y en la planificaci&#243;n de actividades, especialmente en los casos de enfermedades incapacitantes, en que el enfermo deja de ejercer sus actividades cotidianas. Las crisis recurrentes y la sobrecarga f&#237;sica, emocional y financiera conllevan la convivencia con las incertidumbres y al enfrentamiento de dilemas sociales, adem&#225;s de onerosos gastos, generando otras condiciones cr&#243;nicas que pasan a afectar a toda la familia<sup>4</sup>.</p>
      <p>Un amplio conocimiento de la CV de los pacientes puede ayudar en la comprensi&#243;n del impacto de las enfermedades sobre su bien-estar general, pudiendo posponer la instalaci&#243;n de la condici&#243;n cr&#243;nica por medio de acciones preventivas.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Referencias</bold>
      </p>
      <p>1. Bassanesi SL, Azambuja MI, Achutti A. Mortalidade precoce por doen&#231;as cardiovasculares e desigualdades sociais em Porto Alegre: da evid&#234;ncia &#224; a&#231;&#227;o. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2008; 90 (6): 403-12.</p>
      <p>2. Ishitani LH, Franco GC, Perp&#233;tuo IHO, Fran&#231;a E. Desigualdade social e mortalidade precoce por doen&#231;as cardiovasculares no Brasil. Rev Sa&#250;de Publica. 2006; 40 (4): 684-91.</p>
      <p>3. Pinikahana J, Happell B, Hope J, Keks N. Quality of life in schizophrenia: a review of the literature from 1995 to 2000. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2002; 11 (2): 103-11.</p>
      <p>4. Smeltzer SC, Bare BG. Brunner &amp; Suddarth tratado de enfermagem m&#233;dico-cir&#250;rgica. 10a ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2005. p. 275-80.</p>
      <p>
        <fn id="end-body2" fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Correspondencia:</p>
          <p> Karine Zort&#233;a</p>
          <p> Avenida dos Prazeres, 512, Vila Jardim</p>
          <p> 91320-150, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil</p>
          <p> E-mail: </p>
          <p>
            <email xlink:href="karine.personaldiet@gmail.com">karine.personaldiet@gmail.com</email>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Letter to the Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Quality of life in chronic diseases</article-title>
      </title-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>LETTER TO THE EDITOR</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <fn id="top-body3">
          <label>
            <bold>Quality of life in chronic diseases</bold>
          </label>
          <p>
            <bold>Karine Zort&#233;a</bold>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </p>
      <p>Departamento de Psiquiatria, Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil</p>
      <p>Mailing address</p>
      <p><bold>Key words:</bold> Quality of life; chronic disease.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Dear Editor,</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Bassanesi et al<sup>1</sup> report the need to recover the health of the poorer individuals, by investing in the national economy and the improvement of the social conditions, as almost 50% of the mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) is attributed to poverty. Differences between Brazil and the United States regarding the mortality due to CVD are associated with bad quality of life (QoL) of the populations in large Brazilian urban centers, when compared to that of developed countries<sup>1</sup>.</p>
      <p>Low socioeconomic levels have been associated with higher mortality rates. Groups with lower schooling present more risk factors for CVD and lower access to the quality of information<sup>2</sup>. It is necessary to impart the idea that treating the disease is not enough; it is necessary to investigate the start of the causes and a good tool is the QoL.</p>
      <p>The QoL has emerged in the last decades as an essential tool to measure the impact of the chronic diseases, as well as of the therapeutic interventions, associated to traditional indicators, such as mortality<sup>3</sup>.</p>
      <p>Chronic diseases cause changes in the routine and activity planning, especially in the case of incapacitating diseases, in which the individual stops carrying out his or her daily activities. The recurrent crises and the physical, emotional and financial overload lead the individual to deal with insecurity and social dilemmas, in addition to heavy expenses, which generate other chronic conditions that can affect the whole family<sup>4</sup>.</p>
      <p>A broad knowledge of the patients' QoL can help in the understanding of the impact of diseases on their general well-being, which can delay the onset of the chronic condition through preventive measures.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>References</bold>
      </p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
